1 What is a research report?
Investigation report refers to a situation, an event, an experience or a problem, which is investigated in practice, and the information and materials learned in the investigation are sorted out? From here to there, from outside to inside? Analysis and research reveal the essence, find out the law, sum up the experience, and finally state it in writing. This is a research report and an important genre of applied writing.
Types of research reports
1, which can be divided into market demanders' research report (consumer research report) and market suppliers' research report (producer research report) according to service objects.
2. According to the research scope, it can be divided into national market research report, regional market research report and international market research report.
3. According to the frequency of research, it can be divided into regular market research reports, regular market research reports and temporary market research reports.
4. According to the research object, it can be divided into commodity market research report, real estate market research report and financial market research report.
2 research report format
title
The research report should use the title that can reveal the content center, and the specific writing method is as follows:
(1) research report title? Official title. The titles of such research reports are mostly composed of reasons and language, which are plain and calm, such as the Research Report on Intellectual's Economic Life; There are also some interviewees and? Investigation? Two words, such as "intellectual inspection".
(2) The title of the research report? General article title. The title of this kind of research report directly reveals the center of the research report, which is very concise, such as "the old people in this city have their own interests".
(3) The title of the research report? Title of the question, such as "? A debt of gratitude? When? " This is the title writing commonly used in typical research reports, which is characterized by attraction.
(4) The title of the research report? The combination of positive and negative questions is a common title in research reports. Especially the writing methods of typical experience research reports and new things research reports. The title reveals the ideological significance of the investigation report, and the subtitle shows the items and scope of the investigation report, such as "Deepening the publicity mechanism of factory affairs and innovating the ideological and political work methods" in "Investigation on Deepening the publicity system of factory affairs in Jiang 'an Depot of Wuhan Branch".
main body
The text of the research report includes three parts: preface, text and conclusion.
(1) Preface
The preface of the research report briefly describes why this problem (work, events, people) was investigated. Time, place, object, scope, process and method of investigation; The basic information, historical background and conclusions after the investigation of the respondents. The focus of these aspects is determined by the author according to the purpose of the investigation, and it is not necessary to cover all aspects.
There are many methods at the beginning of the research report, some attract readers' attention, some use questions, some come straight to the point, some connect the preceding with the following, some make the finishing point, and there is no fixed form. However, it is generally required to stick to the main idea and prepare for the main part. Words should be concise and general.
(2) Theme
This is the backbone and core of the research report, the extension of the quotation and the basis of the conclusion. This part mainly states the truth, gains and lessons of the facts, that is, what is the main content of the investigation and why. The main part should include a large number of materials, people, events, problems, specific practices, difficulties and obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully arrange the level and structure of the research report and show the theme step by step.
The narrative and exposition of facts in the research report are mainly written in this part, which is an important part of fully expressing the theme. Generally speaking, the structure of the main body of the research report has about three forms:
Transverse structure. That is to say, make a comprehensive analysis of the content of the survey, closely focus on the main idea, and summarize it into several questions according to different categories, and each question can be subtitled. And there are often a few small problems in every question. This structure generally adopts the format of typical empirical research reports. This kind of research report has a clear point of view and a prominent center, which makes people clear at a glance;
Vertical structure. There are two forms, one is to describe and discuss according to the cause, development and order of the investigation. This structure is often used in the writing of general investigation reports and investigation reports that expose problems, which helps readers to have a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the development of things. First, arrange the structure step by step according to the achievements, reasons and conclusions. This form is often used in general comprehensive research reports;
Integrated structure. This research report has both vertical and horizontal characteristics, interspersed with each other and organized materials. Generally speaking, this research report adopts a vertical structure when describing and discussing the development process, and a horizontal structure when writing the harvest, knowledge and lessons.
No matter what the main structure of the research report is, it should be clear-cut, coherent, detailed and appropriate, closely linked and in-depth in order to better express the theme.
(3) End
The conclusion is the inevitable result of the analysis, induction and solution of the research report. Different research reports have different endings. Generally speaking, the research report has five endings: summarizing the research report, summarizing the main points, deepening the theme and improving people's understanding; Look forward to the development of things, put forward the direction of efforts and inspire people to explore further; Put forward suggestions for leaders' reference; Write out the existing problems or deficiencies and explain the problems that need to be studied and solved in the future; Supplementary explanation of situations or problems that are not covered in the text but are worthy of attention.
In short, the end of the research report should be concise and powerful, and it is not necessary to write a long story.
3 sample articles in the research report
Investigation report on cultural needs of migrant workers
Cultural demand is the universal demand of social people. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people have five needs: physiological needs, security needs, social needs, respect needs and self-realization needs, which are arranged from low level to high level. When the material needs of the new generation of migrant workers are gradually met, other needs will be stimulated, and the cultural needs are quite prominent.
Analysis of Cultural Needs of New Generation Migrant Workers
1. The demand of the new generation of migrant workers for cultural and recreational life. As a symbol, culture conveys the mental state of the new generation of migrant workers. The new generation of migrant workers has changed from survival rationality to social rationality. Material is no longer their only need, and their cultural and spiritual needs are equally urgent. However, due to economic reasons, farmers' cultural consumption ability is not strong; In addition, all walks of life, including government departments, pay insufficient attention to the cultural needs of the new generation of migrant workers, excluding their needs, and their cultural and entertainment life is extremely monotonous. The survey shows that the new generation of migrant workers mainly stay in primitive and low-level entertainment ways such as sleeping and listening to the radio. Even if some migrant workers come into contact with the internet and other modern entertainment methods, they mostly use the internet as a tool to kill time (chatting, watching movies, etc.). ), without consciously using the important functions of the Internet in information transmission, cultural promotion and interpersonal communication. The relatively monotonous cultural life of the new generation of migrant workers leads them to show conservative and backward values, which is not conducive to their citizenization process.
2. The demand of the new generation of migrant workers for vocational skills. Learning a good skill is the strongest desire of most new generation migrant workers. Although the cultural level of the new generation of migrant workers has been significantly improved compared with that of traditional migrant workers, they generally feel powerless even if they are willing to get rid of the low-level working state of selling coolies because they have no skills. Are the new generation of migrant workers the first to integrate into urban life? Hey? Is the technical threshold in the process of job hunting, and they are generally caught in a kind of? Technical dilemma? . On the other hand, with the industrial upgrading, there is a shortage of skilled workers in cities, but 80% of the migrant workers are unskilled, which is far from meeting the market requirements. Although the new generation of migrant workers have a preliminary awareness of learning, there are still many misunderstandings and misunderstandings about what to learn and how to learn because of high learning cost and unstable income.
3. The new generation of migrant workers' demand for scientific and cultural knowledge. Although the cultural level of the new generation of migrant workers is obviously higher than that of traditional migrant workers, their average years of education are far lower than those of urban employees, which is not suitable for the process of rural urbanization. If the new generation of migrant workers want to truly integrate into the city, they must constantly learn, accept new knowledge and skills, and fundamentally adapt to the transformation from farmers to citizens. With the gradual enhancement of the new generation of migrant workers' awareness of rights protection and the awakening of their self-awareness, they must have corresponding legal knowledge and cultural knowledge to match them, and their practical needs determine their thirst for cultural knowledge. In addition, many migrant workers suffer from the confusion and disappointment caused by the lack of scientific and cultural knowledge in cities. Some people pin their hopes on the next generation, hoping that their children can receive a good education, thus changing their destiny.
An analysis of the reasons for the cultural needs of the new generation of migrant workers
1. The new generation of migrant workers have a relatively high educational level and a strong desire to learn. Compared with the previous generation of migrant workers, the education level of the new generation of migrant workers is relatively high, basically above junior high school, some of them are high school students, some of them have even received training in middle schools or high-tech courses, and their knowledge and information sources are extensive. At the same time, in the process of work, the new generation of migrant workers have a high enthusiasm for learning, and the view that knowledge can change their destiny has been widely recognized by the new generation of migrant workers. They not only have a strong desire to learn, but also have great expectations for the next generation. The desire for knowledge makes the new generation of migrant workers put forward higher requirements for cultural supply, and the existing cultural situation is far from meeting the cultural needs of the new generation of migrant workers.
2. The new generation of migrant workers have a high degree of recognition of the city, and their land awareness has faded. The change of the new generation of migrant workers' own characteristics, the improvement of their skills and quality, and the change of agricultural land system have weakened their local social identity. Most of them often enter the ranks of migrant workers directly from school, and some of them grew up working in cities with their parents, and their familiarity with modern industrial laws is much higher than that of traditional agriculture. At the same time, they try their best to identify with urban society. After experiencing the influence of urban life and cultural atmosphere, they feel the gap between urban and rural society, thus showing a stronger yearning for urban society. Regardless of various institutional obstacles, they have changed their employment concepts, lifestyles and consumption patterns and actively integrated into urban life. The yearning for urban life and the pursuit of civilized life of the new generation of migrant workers challenge traditional concepts, dual system and restrictive policies.
3. The new generation of migrant workers have higher career expectations and are based on long-term development. The purpose of the new generation of migrant workers working in cities is not to survive, but to seek development. They have a strong sense of struggle and enterprising spirit, have their own ideas, and even have clear career plans. They are not only satisfied with making money to improve their family life, but also demand development. They value personal abilities and opportunities more, and believe that as long as they work hard, they can succeed. This generation of migrant workers demands more direct treatment and greater development space. Some new generation of migrant workers study professional skills hard to improve their employment competitiveness. They regard part-time employment as a process of learning, improving and adapting, and hope to realize the change of life style and life path from farmers to workers to a higher social level through their own efforts. This requires the government and society to pay attention to the new generation of migrant workers' thirst for knowledge and professional skills to meet their development needs.
Countermeasures and suggestions to meet the cultural needs of the new generation of migrant workers 1. Promote and enrich the cultural life of the new generation of migrant workers in many ways. Although the lifestyle of the new generation of migrant workers is not much different from that of urban residents, mentally, they still form a group alone, which seems to be somewhat incompatible with urban culture. Meeting the cultural needs of the new generation of migrant workers and integrating them into urban culture as soon as possible requires the joint efforts of the government, society, enterprises and migrant workers themselves.
The first is to give play to the leading role of the government. The government is the leader in enriching the cultural life of migrant workers, and it is necessary to bring the cultural life of migrant workers into the scope of public services and continuously enhance the functions of public services.
Second, enterprises should give full play to the main role of migrant workers. According to the needs of migrant workers, we should increase cultural facilities and enrich their amateur cultural life. At the same time, it is necessary to organize migrant workers to carry out colorful amateur cultural activities and stimulate their enthusiasm for participation.
The third is to actively play the important role of social organizations. Communities, trade unions at all levels, the Communist Youth League, women's federations and other people's organizations should often organize various forms of mass cultural and sports activities for migrant workers to meet their multi-level and multi-faceted cultural needs. 2. Strengthen education and training to comprehensively improve the quality of the new generation of migrant workers. For the new generation of migrant workers, their own quality is directly related to their ability to obtain resources, and then affect their social identity and social integration ability.
One is to train them in scientific and cultural knowledge. According to the characteristics of the new generation of migrant workers, such as younger age, higher education level and stronger acceptance ability, we should establish and improve a multi-level education and training system for the new generation of migrant workers, so that they can learn modern scientific and cultural knowledge, guide and organize the new generation of migrant workers to receive employment and entrepreneurship training through a multi-level education system, and improve their comprehensive quality and vocational skills. At the same time, carry out professional ethics education and train them into new workers who are proficient in professional skills and have good professional ethics.
The second is to expand the social interaction of the new generation of migrant workers and strengthen the interaction with other groups, especially urban residents. It is necessary to make use of the resource advantages of social groups such as communities and street offices, organize colorful activities, enhance understanding and promote integration in exchanges and interactions, so that the new generation of migrant workers will be subtly influenced in their thinking, behavior and civilization. At the same time, it also enables urban residents to correct their prejudice against the new generation of migrant workers, eliminate discrimination, and treat and accept them with an equal attitude.
The third is to increase investment in the education and training of migrant workers. Integrate existing education and training resources through government-led and social organization assistance, give full play to the role of various education and training institutions and workers' youth and women's organizations, actively explore new ways for the government, enterprises and society to jointly promote the education and training of migrant workers, and carry out vocational training and quality education for migrant workers through multiple channels, levels and forms to continuously improve the overall quality of migrant workers.