1. Proterozoic-Early Paleozoic rift barite metallogenic belt in northern Guangxi-eastern Guangxi
There were many rift activities in Guangxi in Proterozoic. The dominant geosyncline of Bos Group developed in northern Guangxi in Mesoproterozoic, Danzhou Group in northern Guangxi in early Neoproterozoic, Chang 'an Formation, Fulu Formation and Nantuo Formation in northern Guangxi in early Sinian, Yingyangguan Formation in eastern Guangxi in late Sinian, argillaceous rocks and siliceous rocks in northern Guangxi, and slate mixed with dolomite and dacite in eastern Guangxi. Cambrian is divided into Qingxi Formation and Bian Xi Formation, which are mainly composed of terrigenous clastic turbidites mixed with siliceous rocks.
The deposits formed in this area include tin deposits (five places, one cave, nine hairs, etc. ) was formed in Mesoproterozoic in northern Guangxi, iron deposits (Yingyangguan and Sanjiang) were formed on both sides of Neoproterozoic intracontinental basin, and barite deposits (Wang Li and Banbi) were formed from Late Sinian to Early Cambrian. Vanadium ore (Luochenghuai Group) and tungsten ore (Niutangjie) were formed in the early Cambrian, and Qinjia copper-tin iron ore was formed in the middle and late Cambrian.
Therefore, the Proterozoic in this area is characterized by iron-tin mineralization, but the mineralization is weak. Tin ore does not form a real ore body, but is mainly produced as the source bed of tin mineralization in the later stage, and the scale of iron ore deposits can reach medium and large. Cambrian has strong mineralization, including tungsten, vanadium, copper, tin and barite, among which scheelite and vanadium mineralization still have good prospecting prospects.
2. Early Paleozoic rift type Pb-Zn-Cu-W polymetallic metallogenic belt in southeastern Guangxi.
This area mainly refers to the early Paleozoic Qinzhou trough, that is, the area between Lingshan-tengxian fault zone and Bobai-Cenxi fault zone, which is a part of the marginal sea of Dayaoshan in Caledonian. The Cambrian-Silurian strata in this area are continuously deposited and there are many periods of submarine volcanic activity (Yang Bin et al., 2000a). The sedimentary environment is mainly shallow shelf-sub-deep sea facies, and only Cenxi area is sub-deep sea facies, deep sea facies-coastal shallow sea facies. The deposits in this area include Ordovician lead-zinc-iron ore (groundwater) and copper-silver polymetallic ore (Jilongding), middle and upper Ordovician tungsten-molybdenum ore (Youmapo, Liu Su, Daling and Pingtang) and lower Silurian lead-zinc ore (Fozichong and Tao Dong). Therefore, this area is characterized by polymetallic mineralization of lead, zinc, copper and tungsten, in which the scale of lead and zinc is large and can reach large scale. The tungsten mine can reach medium scale, and there are some tungsten (molybdenum) occurrences, which can be used as the source bed of tungsten (molybdenum) mineralization in the later period, providing new information for finding hydrothermal sedimentary tungsten (molybdenum) deposits in this area. It can be said that most of the polymetallic mineralization in the middle and late Early Paleozoic in Guangxi occurred in this area.
Three. Lead-zinc barite pyrite metallogenic belt in Devonian strike-slip fault depression in central Guangxi-northern Guangxi
This area includes Laibin, Wuxuan and Xiangzhou areas from Huanjiang-Rongan in northern Guangxi to the western Dayaoshan ancient land in the southern margin of Jiangnan ancient land. It belongs to the Devonian sedimentary basin in Hunan and Guangxi, which is the result of intraplate extension and fault movement since Devonian, and is also controlled by the regional Longsheng-Lengshuijiang synsedimentary fault zone (Wang Jian et al.,1998; Li Wenyan et al., 199 1). Upper Paleozoic, especially Devonian, is widely distributed in this area. Its sedimentary environment is mainly confined platform, semi-confined platform and open platform facies zone in carbonate platform facies area, and reef (beach) facies belt, platform basin facies belt and tidal flat facies belt in coastal clastic facies area. Hydrothermal sedimentary deposits in this area are mainly lead-zinc barite pyrite (Wuxuan Lemei, Pengcun, Guli, Panlong and Jiuya) formed in Devonian period, middle and late Devonian barite deposits in central Guangxi (Laibin Gutan and Xiangzhou Pancun), middle and late Devonian lead-zinc pyrite (Siding) and lead-zinc pyrite (Beishan) in northern Guangxi, followed by Devonian system. In addition, Guiping tin mine pit, Fenghuangling, Qingfeng lead-zinc mine and Gui Mu manganese mine on the southwest side of Dayaoshan ancient land may also belong to the south extension of the metallogenic belt. The mineralization in this area is obviously controlled by Longsheng-Lengshuijiang synsedimentary fault zone and its derived faults. Due to different emplacement mechanisms, layered minerals in early, middle and late Devonian and some vein minerals in early and middle Devonian were formed. This area is an important lead-zinc barite pyrite metallogenic belt in Guangxi, and it still has great prospecting prospects.
4. Late Paleozoic rift-type Mn-Sn polymetallic metallogenic belt in northern Guangxi (Danchi)
This area is usually called the Danchi metallogenic belt. Danchi basin is a secondary basin of Youjiang rift basin, and it is an aulacogen obviously controlled by Ziyun-Danchi synsedimentary fault zone, and its southern end reaches Shanglin, Wuming and Nanning. The sedimentary environment is platform trench facies belt and reef facies belt at the edge of platform trench. Late Paleozoic strata, especially Devonian and Carboniferous, are widely distributed in this area. The deposits were formed from Devonian to early Carboniferous, but mainly in the middle and late Devonian, such as the tin polymetallic deposits in Changpo-Tongkeng, Longtoushan, Mola, Beixiang and Wuxu, and the mercury deposits in Yilan and Wanbaoshan. In addition, the Devonian Damingshan tungsten mine and Dafeng vanadium mine formed the early Carboniferous Yizhou Longtou, Tongde and Xincheng Li Miao manganese mines. Therefore, this area is characterized by polymetallic deposits such as tin, lead, zinc, copper, antimony and mercury formed in the late Paleozoic, especially in the middle and late Devonian, which are large in scale, often reaching large and super-large. This belt is the most important tin polymetallic metallogenic belt in Guangxi, with great prospecting potential.
V Devonian-Early Triassic rifted manganese barite pyrite lead-zinc metallogenic belt in southwest Guangxi.
This area mainly refers to Daxin, Jingxi, Tiantian and other areas in southwest Guangxi, and is an important manganese ore-forming belt in Guangxi. It is a secondary basin of Youjiang rift basin, which is structurally controlled by Guangnan-Funing-Napo fault zone, which is also a regional synsedimentary fault zone. The sedimentary environment is mainly platform-gully facies belt, followed by subtidal-semi-enclosed basin, open platform facies belt and shallow shelf facies belt. There are Late Paleozoic strata and Triassic in this area, especially Devonian. The minerals in this area are mainly manganese deposits (Xia Lei, Hurun and Hutu) formed in Wuzhishan Formation or Liujiang Formation of Late Devonian, followed by Huanong barite-pyrite deposit of Yilan Formation of Lower Devonian and Changtun lead-zinc deposit of Middle Devonian. In addition, Dongping manganese mine was formed in the early Triassic in this area, but its mineralization is poor, so it is the source bed of secondary manganese mine.
6. Early-Middle Triassic rift gold metallogenic belt in northwest Guangxi.
This area mainly refers to the Youjiang rift zone in northwest Guangxi, and it is also a secondary basin in the generalized Youjiang rift basin. Rift basins began to appear in this area from the middle and late Devonian to the early and middle Triassic. Triassic is widely developed in this area, while Cambrian and Devonian-Permian strata are distributed in local uplift areas of large depression areas. Micro-disseminated gold deposits widely distributed in Youjiang Rift Zone mostly occur in Lower and Middle Triassic. Gao Long, Jinya, Mingshan, Luolou, Langquan and Nabi gold deposits are all hydrothermal deposits. Even the vein-like and lenticular gold deposits in Ba Du, Longchuan and other local uplift areas may belong to the deep circulating hot water in the basin filled with faults derived from synsedimentary fault. They are closely related to the source of ore-forming hot water, but they are located in different ways (Chen Dajing et al., 2003; Xie et al., 2006). Therefore, this area is characterized by fine disseminated gold deposits formed in the Middle and Early Triassic, which has great prospects for gold exploration, followed by hydrothermal sedimentary gold deposits in the Late Paleozoic, such as Maxiong and Longlong.