First, the establishment of civil engineering design and construction technology and control information system.
Information technology is the integration of computer, communication, control and information processing. With the application of information technology systems and equipment, modern architects can fully and intuitively display the design concepts and architectural aesthetics of the new era, express bold ideas and magical ideas, transcend time and space, shape and optimize their own creative achievements, and make their creative achievements reach a new realm that traditional creative methods can't reach. For example, the model-oriented three-dimensional collaborative design model adopts modular model design technology to make the design method move from graphic design to model design. Because the model design adopts database technology and network technology, it realizes the * * * integrated working mode, and designers (multi-majors) work on the same model, reducing unnecessary condition transmission and confirmation, and fully enjoying information resources. These information resources will run through the whole process of project management (design, procurement, construction), and the graphics will be automatically generated by the computer system, so that designers will devote their main energy to optimizing the design scheme, and the design process will be more intuitive. Intelligent design environment based on visualization technology is based on three-dimensional model design technology, making full use of visualization technology and object-oriented software development technology, and with the support of expert database and knowledge base, researching new design management and design mode, and constructing an intelligent design environment that is easier to operate. At present, visualization technology has been initially applied to the model design process of many industrial projects, such as entity modeling, which makes the design process more intuitive and effective and easy to modify; Visual design review makes the review more vivid and can span the design depth; Visual progress audit connects the designed three-dimensional model with the project progress resource library, extracts information from the project progress resource library, and intuitively displays and analyzes various states of project management.
Popularization and application of automatic control technology in construction can effectively complete difficult construction projects that are difficult to achieve by traditional control methods. For example, verticality control of high-rise buildings; Quality control of mass concrete construction: automatic feeding control of ready-mixed concrete; Synchronous lifting technology is used to control the integral lifting of large components and equipment, the climbing of integral mould and the lifting control of large scaffolding; Stress control of bridge suspension cable: curtain wall production and processing control; Welding quality control under high temperature and high pressure: building blasting, overall relocation, settlement observation and data acquisition, computer simulation of three-dimensional pipeline layout of large industrial facilities, etc. Information technology will completely change the design technology and construction technology, and its application fields will be wider and wider, the application degree will be deeper and deeper, and the level of building industrialization will be higher and higher.
Two, the establishment of civil engineering standards, industry management, engineering management, enterprise management information system.
Information technology is a high-tech widely used in various industries, and it can only play its role if it is organically combined with industry technology. In order to promote the informatization of civil engineering construction in a standardized, orderly, healthy and efficient manner, it is necessary to formulate the application standards and standardized management information system of civil engineering technology accurately and efficiently, revise the standards in time, facilitate the retrieval and management of related standards, select standards at any time and place, and check and accept the implementation of standards, so as to effectively promote standardized management.
There are many categories involved in the civil engineering industry, such as civil engineering, housing engineering, equipment and pipeline installation industry, decoration industry, and related real estate industry, survey and design industry, semi-finished equipment, steel structure processing industry and so on. , including many enterprises, constitutes a huge and complex industry information collection, with a very large amount of information. Without a standardized and effective industry management system and efficient operation mechanism, it is difficult to ensure the healthy, orderly and efficient development of all work in this industry. Traditional management methods and information processing methods are difficult to achieve this goal. The application of modern information technology to establish an efficient information management system for industry management, project management and enterprise management can conveniently and effectively analyze the relevant situation of the industry and provide brand-new conditions and possibilities for formulating reasonable industrial development policies, industrial technology policies, industrial development plans and development strategies. At present, the application of information technology makes it very convenient to obtain global industry information, and it is also very convenient to discuss and master the latest management achievements of human beings in domestic and foreign markets, which provides a forward-looking, strategic and more scientific basis for the management of civil engineering industry closely related to human survival and development, and makes the management of construction industry reach a new level.
Information technology makes entities digital, shortens time and space, and grasps the essence of entities more scientifically. The singleness, times, environment and multi-factors of engineering determine the large-scale, variability and multi-category of engineering information, and information technology makes engineering a digital project. With the establishment of digital engineering, project management has entered a new stage, including broadening project financing channels, optimizing project plan, computerization of project design, application of operational research in project construction management time limit control, application of multi-factor analysis in quality control and dynamic investment analysis. Informatization makes project management archival, digital and dynamic, which provides convenient conditions and brand-new methods and means for the whole process management of project planning, financing, design, construction, operation and maintenance.
Information technology can realize more extensive human resource management, more accurate accounting management, cost management, financing management and investment management, more optimized decision management and planning management, and more efficient project construction management. Information technology also enriches the information of architects, structural engineers, supervision engineers and project managers, and provides a premise for new teamwork and even transnational partnership. The high-tech office environment promotes the adoption of new technologies and the innovation of human management concepts, makes it possible to improve productivity more effectively and promotes the upgrading of corporate culture.
As for project management, as Comrade Yu Wanli of Shanxi Taiyuan Chemical Design Institute said in the article "Looking at foreign project management from foreign project management software", project management is a multi-objective, independent and interrelated, multi-process, complex and huge system engineering. In fact, the management of large-scale complex engineering projects is to make use of controllable resources (manpower, machinery, materials, funds and construction period), make a scientific plan for given goals (schedule, quality and cost) under certain conditions, and make in-depth dynamic analysis with more quantitative data, so as to effectively regulate the implementation of the project and obtain the maximum benefit with as little investment as possible. The management of engineering projects must rely on a set of advanced management concepts, which have been vividly reflected in foreign engineering project management software. The basic functions of these softwares mainly include:
1. Preparation of project plan.
In the bidding stage of the project and the contract conditions after winning the bid, the contractor is required to prepare a feasible "detailed construction progress plan" to analyze the project in detail. The software accurately schedules all tasks of an engineering project, analyzes and compares the raw materials, labor, design and investment needed to complete the tasks, finds out the key tasks (key lines) among many tasks, and makes reasonable arrangements for the construction period, manpower, material resources, machinery and other resources.
2. Project tracking process.
Software can dynamically manage and control the progress of the project. It requires project managers at all levels to timely, continuously and systematically record and report the internal and external factors that affect the progress of the project at any time during the construction process according to the formulated plans and objectives, and input them into the computer, that is, reflect the progress of the project in real time, analyze the progress data of the project and reflect the changes of the project in time.
3. Analysis, control and optimization of the project.
Because the management software realizes the generalized network technology, the project manager finds out the deviation, analyzes the reasons, studies the rectification countermeasures and implements the rectification measures according to the information provided by the tracking and the original plan (or established goal). The software not only considers the time problem, but also obtains a plan with short time, low resource consumption and low cost according to the analysis of resources and costs, and optimizes the network plan through the software, that is, constantly improves the initial plan of the network plan by using the time difference to obtain the best construction period, the lowest cost and the most effective resource utilization. The software has a powerful function of filtering engineering data and operation activities, comparing the implementation of the current plan with the target plan in the database, and then filtering out all the work activities that are behind the target plan for separate catch-up or special tracking. Take remedial measures in time for the backward work items found, and make corresponding catch-up plans. For the current work ahead of the target plan, we can consciously slow down the construction speed of some advanced projects to reduce the project cost or make the overall plan more reasonable.