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Fabres [France]
First of all, housework management
Crickets living in the grass are almost as famous as cicadas. They are in several typical dilemmas.
Among insects, the performance is quite good. The reason why it is so famous is mainly because of its residence and its Excellence.
Singing talent. Having only one of them is not enough to make them so famous. An animal died.
Historian La Fontaine only briefly talked about this, as if he didn't notice the genius and fame of this small animal.
In addition, there is a French fable writer who once wrote a fable about crickets. Unfortunately, it is too
Lack of authenticity and implicit sense of humor. Moreover, the fable writer wrote in this cricket story: cricket
Not satisfied, sigh your fate! Facts can prove how wrong this view is. Because, no.
No matter what kind of people, as long as they have personally studied crickets and observed their lives, even if it is only a little.
On the surface, you will find that crickets are interested in their families and their natural singing ability.
Very satisfied and happy. Yes, the fame these two points have brought them is really enough to make them feel lucky.
At the end of the story, he admitted the cricket's satisfaction. He wrote:
"My comfortable little family is a happy place.
If you want a happy life, live in seclusion here! "
In a poem written by a friend of mine, it gave me another feeling. I think this poem wants to express more.
It is true, and it shows the cricket's love for life more powerfully.
The following is a poem written by my friend:
There was once a story about animals.
A poor cricket ran out,
Go to its door,
Warm up in the golden sun,
See a proud butterfly.
She's flying,
Dragging a proud tail,
Half-moon blue pattern,
Line up gently and quickly,
Dark yellow stars and long black stripes,
The proud pilot brushed it gently.
The hermit said, fly away,
Wandering among your flowers all day,
No matter how white the chrysanthemums are,
Rose red,
Not as good as my depressed family
Suddenly,
There was a storm,
The rain caught the fly,
There is a stain on her tattered velvet dress.
Her wings were covered with mud.
Crickets are hiding,
Can't catch up with the rain,
Look at it with calm eyes,
Sing a song.
The majesty of the storm has nothing to do with it,
The storm passed without hindrance.
Stay away from this world!
Don't enjoy its happiness and prosperity too much.
A depressed family,
Comfortable and quiet,
At least I can give you time, don't worry.
From this poem, we can learn about lovely crickets.
I often see crickets rolling their tentacles in front of their homes, in order to make their bodies
It can be cooler in the front and warmer in the back. They are not jealous of those who dance in the air at all.
All kinds of flowers. On the contrary, crickets feel a little pity for them. Their attitude of pity is just that
As we often see, only people with families can appreciate the happiness of having families, whenever it comes to people without families.
Go home, go home, lonely people will show the same sympathy. Crickets never complain, nor are they pessimistic.
I have always been very optimistic and positive, I care about the house I own, and I simply mention it.
Jean, are quite satisfied and gratified. In a sense, it can be said that cricket is a real philosopher.
It seems to clearly understand the nothingness of everything in the world, and it can also feel blind and crazy avoidance.
The benefits of harassing people who pursue happiness.
By the way, this description of our crickets should be correct anyway. However, we still need to use some
Written to show the advantages of crickets to the public. Because Lafontaine, who tells animal stories, ignores them,
Cricket has been waiting for a long time, waiting for people to describe it, introduce it and pay attention to it. they
Friends-humans ignore them.
As a naturalist, the most important of the two fables mentioned above is cricket.
Nest, the course will be built on it.
The fable writer talks about the comfortable seclusion of crickets in his poems; On the other hand, Lafontaine greatly appreciates this.
This is a low family. Therefore, from this perspective, there is no doubt that the cricket's residence is the most attractive.
Its house even attracted the attention of poets to observe them, although they often seldom noticed their real existence.
Things.
Indeed, crickets are better at building nests and forming families. Of all kinds of insects,
Among them, only cricket has a fixed family when it grows up, which is a reward for its hard work! exist
At the worst time of the year, most other kinds of insects just take refuge in a temporary shelter.
Body shape, avoiding natural ups and downs. Therefore, their hiding place is very convenient. When they give up,
It won't be a pity.
In many cases, these insects will also do some amazing things to settle themselves.
Go home. For example, cotton bags, baskets made of various leaves, towers made of cement and so on. Have hatred
Many insects lie in ambush for a long time, waiting for the opportunity to catch their long-awaited prey. For example,
Tiger beetle often digs a vertical hole and then uses its flat bronze head.
Plug its hole. If once other kinds of insects step into this confusing door to trap them.
When you get on the bus, the tiger beetle will act immediately and lift the car door mercilessly to catch it. So, this is very
The unlucky passer-by fell into the trap carefully disguised by the tiger beetle and disappeared.
Another example is the ant lion. It will dig an inclined tunnel on the beach. The victim is
Once ants go astray, they will involuntarily slide down this slope, and then they will be killed immediately.
The stone was thrown to death. Hunters waiting for their prey in this tunnel turned their necks into stone bows.
However, the examples mentioned above are only temporary shelters or traps, and they are really nothing.
A long-term solution.
Hard-built homes, where insects live, whether spring is full of vitality.
Days, or in the winter when the wind is biting and the snow is all over the sky, make insects have a strong dependence and are unwilling to migrate to other places.
Go and live anywhere in the world. Such a real place to live is built for safety and comfort.
From a distance, houses are not built for hunting, as mentioned above. Or so-called
Postponement behaviors such as "child care". Then, only the cricket's home was built for safety and warmth. In a place
On some sunny grassy slopes, crickets are the owners of hermit's yard. Just like other people may live alone.
Living alone may lie in the open air, or it may lie in ambush under dead leaves, stones and bark of old trees.
While insects are worried about not having a stable family, crickets have become excellent families in nature.
Residents of Vietnam. This shows that it is farsighted.
Building a stable house is not that simple, but now for crickets, rabbits and eventually humans,
It's not a big problem anymore. Not far from where I live, there is a cave for foxes and badgers. it
Most caves are just made of irregular rocks, and it can be seen at a glance that these caves are rarely trimmed.
Yes. For this animal, as long as there is a hole to drag out an ignoble existence temporarily, "the cold kiln can be broken and sheltered from the wind and rain" is also possible.
In contrast, rabbits are smarter than them. If, in some places, there are no natural caves for rabbits.
Children live to avoid all the attacks and troubles from the outside world, so they will look for their favorite places everywhere.
Line excavation.
However, crickets are much smarter than any of them. When choosing a residence, it tends to despise those
A natural hiding place, you will find it is your home. It always chooses the best home for itself very carefully.
Court address. They are willing to choose a place with good drainage and plenty of sunshine and warmth. earth
It is such a place. They are all good places and should be given priority. Crickets would rather give up their ready-made nature.
Caves, because these caves are not suitable, and they are all built in a hurry and there is no security guarantee. Sometimes, it
Its conditions are also very poor. In short, this kind of hole is not the first choice. Crickets demand that every point in their villa must be kissed by themselves.
Hand-dug, from its lobby to the bedroom, without exception.
Except for humans, I haven't found any animal with better construction technology than crickets. Even if it is
Humans, before the method of mixing sand and mortar to solidify it and painting walls with clay was invented, were just so.
It takes caves as its hiding place, fighting wild animals and nature. So, why is such a very
Special instinct, nature just gave this animal? The lowest animals can live well.
Often perfect and comfortable. It has its own home and many advantages that civilized human beings don't know: it has a sense of security.
Lie completely and reliably, and avoid hidden places; It has endless comfort, and at the same time, it belongs to its own home nearby.
Area, no one can live and become their neighbors. No one can shoot crickets except us humans.
Than.
What is puzzling and confusing is how can such a small animal have such a talent? Maybe,
Did nature care for them and give them some special tools? Of course, the answer is no. Cricket, it's not.
What is a first-class expert in digging? In fact, people only see that the tools used by crickets at work are not.
They are often weak, so crickets are very surprised by such work and building such a house.
So, is it because the skin of cricket is too soft to stand the test of wind and rain, so it needs such stability?
What about the house? The answer is still no. Because, among its brothers and sisters, there are also the same as it, with softness.
Ok, sensitive skin, but they are not afraid to stay in the open air or be exposed to nature.
In the middle.
So, is its superb ability to build its safe and comfortable residence due to its physical structure?
And then what? Does it have a special organ to do this work? The answer is no again. Near where I live,
There are three different kinds of crickets. These three kinds of crickets are the same in appearance, color and body structure.
The crickets in the field are very similar. At first, as soon as I saw them, I often felt that they were in other places.
Crickets. However, even these same kinds carved in the same mold, no one actually knows how to be self-sufficient
Found a safe place to live. Among them, there is a cricket with spots on its body, which just makes its home in the wetland.
Inside the haystack; There is also a lonely cricket, which lies alone on the clods picked up by the gardener while digging.
Jumping around like a tramp; What's more, like Bordeaux crickets, they even have no scruples.
Breaking into our house in fear is really an uninvited guest, regardless of the host's wishes. From August to September
In May, it stayed alone in those dark and particularly cold places, singing carefully.
It will be meaningless to continue the problems mentioned above. Because the answers to these questions are uniform.
All systems are negative. The natural instinct of crickets has never given us an answer. if
I hope to find the answer from the cricket's posture, body structure or tools used at work to explain this.
Some answers are also impossible. Nothing can provide us with anything that depends on insects.
Satisfactory explanations and answers, or can let us know some reasons, can not give us any powerful help.
Of these four similar crickets, only one can dig holes. So, we can know that crickets
We don't know the origin of instinct.
Does anyone know the cricket's home? Who didn't go to the hermit when he was a child?
Have you ever observed a taxi company before? No matter how careful you are and how light your steps are, this little animal
I can always find and feel your visit. Then, it immediately became alert and reflected, and immediately hid in the forest.
Add a hidden place. When you finally get close to the habitat of these animals, at this moment, the house
The front door is empty, which is very disappointing.
I think anyone who has experienced this will know how to lure these hidden people out of their hiding places.
The method. You can pick up a grass, put it in the cricket's hole, and then turn it gently. In this way,
Little cricket will definitely think that something has happened on the ground. So, this is tickled and a little annoying.
Angry crickets will run up from the back room. Then, stay in the corridor, hesitate, and encourage.
Thin tentacles carefully and warily spy out all the movements outside. Then, it gradually ran to the place of light.
Fang lai, as long as this little thing runs outside, it is a trap and it is easy to be caught. Because, before
Facing a series of events, it has puzzled the simple little mind of our poor little animal, Babi.
What a low level of intelligence this is! If the cricket escaped this time, it would be very suspicious.
Very alert, always improve their vigilance, refused to take risks easily, and ran out of the hiding place. in?that?case
Next, you should choose other coping styles. For example, you can wash crickets out of their caves with a glass of water.
Let's go
When we think of our childhood, it is really worth remembering and admiring. Let's run to the grass.
Catch crickets as insects. When you catch them, take them home. Just put them in cages and feed them. Cailai
Feed them some fresh lettuce leaves. This is so childlike!
Now, come back and talk about my situation here. In order to study them better, I looked everywhere.
Children's nest. What happened in childhood seems to have happened yesterday. When my other little friend—
Little Paul, a child who can be called an expert in the use of grass beard, has been fighting for a long time.
A little tactical, suddenly, he was very excited and cried excitedly: "I caught it!" " I got it. One who can
Cricket of love! "
"Hurry up," I said to little Paul. "I have a bag here. My little prisoner of war, hurry up
Jump in. You can live in a bag. There is a lot of food in it. However, there is one condition, that is,
You can't let us down You must tell us something as soon as possible, something we are eager to know.
The answer I'm looking for. Among these things, the first thing you need to do is: show me your home. "
Second, its housing.
In those green grasses, if we don't pay attention, there will be some tendency to hide.
Tunnel. Here, even if there is heavy rain, it will dry up immediately. This hidden tunnel is the world's largest.
It is only nine inches deep and as wide as a finger. According to the topography and nature of the tunnel,
Curved or vertical. Almost like the law, there is always a blade of grass to cover up the house.
Its function is obvious, just like a wall, hiding a tunnel in and out of the cave in the dark. Crickets come out.
When you come to eat the grass around you, you will never touch it. Carefully clean the slightly inclined door with a broom.
Clean, packed wide. This is one of their platforms. Whenever everything around them is quiet, crickets
Will gather here leisurely and start playing its four-string violin. What sweet music to promote summer and cool off!
The interior of the house is not luxurious, and the walls are bare but not rough. The residents of this house have a lot of free time.
Sometimes it is too rough to trim. At the bottom of the tunnel is the bedroom, which is slightly more exquisite than other places, and
And more spacious. Generally speaking, this is a very simple residence, very clean and not damp, and everything meets the hygiene standards.
Quasi. On the other hand, if we consider that the tools used by crickets to dig the ground are very simple, then it can be said that this is a fact.
This is a great project. If you want to know how it was completed and when it started such a big project,
We must go back to the time when crickets just laid eggs.
Crickets, like black owls, only lay eggs in soil about three-quarters of an inch deep. They are grouped and arranged, totaling.
There are about 500 to 600. This egg is really a magical machine. It looks gray after hatching.
A long bottle with a neat hole at the top. There is a small hat next to the hole, like a lid. get rid of
The reason for the cover is not that grubs keep colliding inside and break the cover, but that there is a kind of encirclement.
Threads-threads with weak resistance will crack by themselves.
Two weeks after the egg was laid, two large grubs appeared at the front end, which were grubs in larval stage and were tightly dressed.
Tight clothes can't be completely distinguished. You should remember that owls hatch like this when they land.
Face, and wearing a tight coat to protect your body. Crickets and owls are similar animals, although in fact.
No, but it is wearing the same uniform. The owl's egg has been underground for eight months. If it wants to leave the ground,
You have to fight the hardened soil when you come out from below, so you need a long coat to protect its long legs. But crickets
The whole cricket is short and thick, and its eggs are only underground for a few days. When you come out, you just have to go through the powdery soil.
Here we go. There is no need to compete with the land for money. For these reasons, it didn't need a coat, so it was thrown away.
It's in the back shell.
When it took off its swaddling clothes, the cricket's body turned almost completely gray, and it began to struggle with the soil in front of it.
It bites out some unsuspecting soil with its big cheeks, and then cleans them aside or simply kicks them behind.
Go, it will soon be able to enjoy the sunshine on the surface of the soil and start to live at the risk of conflict with its own kind. it
He is such a weak wretch, not as big as a flea!
Twenty-four hours later, it turned into a small black bug, and its ebony color was comparable to that of a fully developed cricket.
Comparable, they are all gray, leaving only a white shoulder strap around the chest with two black ones on it.
The point is. At the top of these two points, just above the head of the long bottle, you can see a surrounding, thin,
Prominent lines. The shell will crack at this line later. Because eggs are transparent, we can see small animals.
There is a pimple on the wall. Now it's time to pay attention, especially in the morning.
Good luck is brought by care. If we continue to look at eggs, we will get paid. At the bulge
Around the line, the resistance of the eggshell will gradually disappear, and one end of the egg will gradually crack and be tapered by the head of the small animal inside.
Move, it rises and falls to one side, like the lid of a small perfume bottle, and the prisoner jumps out of the bottle.
When I went out, the eggshell was still long, smooth, complete and white, with a restaurant-like lid hanging on my mouth.
End. When the egg is broken, it is a small hard tumor on the tip of the chicken's mouth; Cricket eggs are made more skillfully, ivory boxes
Similar to a child, you can open the lid. The top of its head is enough for the job.
As we said above, a young cricket jumped out after the lid was lifted, which is not accurate. it
Very sensitive and lively, from time to time with long and often trembling tentacles to explore what is happening around, and very sexy.
Run around in a hurry. When one day, it is fat and can't be so presumptuous, that's really funny!
Now we'll see why female crickets lay so many eggs. This is because most small animals will
Be sentenced to death. They are often slaughtered by other animals, especially gray salamanders and ants.
Murder. Ant is a nasty rogue, and often doesn't leave crickets in our garden. It can bite this in one bite.
Poor little animal, and then gobble it up.
Alas, this hateful villain, please think about it. We also put ants among higher insects for it.
I wrote many books and praised it. Praise is endless. Natural scholars like them very much, and
Its reputation is getting bigger and bigger. In this way, animals, like people, the most wonderful way to attract attention is to hurt.
Others.
Those beetles who do very beneficial cleaning work can't attract people's attention and praise, and even no one cares.
Ignore them; Everyone knows that mosquitoes eat human blood; At the same time, people also know that those who carry poisonous swords,
Angry and boastful wasps and ants who specialize in doing bad things. The latter often happens to people in our southern villages.
Children break the rafters at home, and doing these bad things is as happy as tasting figs.
The crickets in my garden were completely killed by ants, which forced me to go outside.
Look for it. In August, under the fallen leaves, where the grass has not been completely dried by the sun, I saw young crickets.
It has grown bigger, the whole body is dark, and the traces of white shoulder straps are completely gone. in this
In the meantime, its life is wandering, a dead leaf and a flat stone, which is enough for it to cope with the world.
There are some things.
Many crickets who escaped from ants and survived are now victims of wasps. They hunt these trips.
And then bury them in the ground. In fact, crickets do not have this kind as long as they are protected a few weeks in advance.
It was dangerous, but they never thought of it. They always stick to the rules as if they were dead.
It was not until the end of October that the cold began to attack people and crickets began to build nests. if we ...
From the observation of caged crickets, this work is very simple. Digging a hole is not on bare ground.
Ok, but often in places covered with lettuce leaves-leftover food. Or something else that can replace grass.
Things, it seems that in order to keep the secrets of its family, these covers are essential.
The miner planed the ground with his front foot and bit off the larger stones with big jaw pliers. I see it is very strong.
The powerful hind foot steps on the ground, and there are two rows of jagged things on the hind foot. At the same time, I also saw that it would sweep the dust.
Push it to the back and lay it diagonally. So we can know all the ways crickets dig their nests.
The work started quickly. In the soil in my cage, it will stay down for two hours, every other day.
After a while, it will come to the entrance. But it is often back to back, constantly cleaning the dust. such as
If it feels tired, it can have a rest in front of the unfinished house, with its head facing outward and its tentacles particularly weak.
Swing slowly and look tired. Soon it came back and continued to work with pliers and rakes. Later, during the break.
It's getting longer and longer, which makes me a little impatient
The most important part of this work has been completed. This hole is already more than two inches deep, which is enough to meet the needs at present.
The rest can be taken slowly, one o'clock today and one o'clock tomorrow. This hole will get cold with the weather.
Crickets' bodies are getting bigger and deeper. If it's warmer in winter and the sun shines on the door of the house, it's still
You can also see crickets throwing mud from their caves. In the pleasant weather in spring, the repairman of this house
Work is still going on. The work of improvement and decoration is always going on until the death of the owner.
At the end of April, crickets began to sing. At first, it was a strange and shy solo. Soon, it will be integrated.
Every soil praises him as a musician who is very good at playing beautiful music. I'd be happy to put it
The top singer in spring. In our barren land, when thyme and mint are in full bloom.
Larks fly like rockets, open their throats and sing heartily, spreading beautiful songs from the sky to the ground.
The crickets who stayed below, unable to resist the attraction, sang a song loudly in order to make peace with their acquaintances. their
Singing is monotonous and artistic, but its artistic sense is in harmony with the monotonous joy of its life recovery, which is a kind of
The budding seeds and new leaves understand and appreciate this vigilant compliment. For this kind of two-person ensemble music,
We should judge that this cricket is superior. Its number and uninterrupted syllables are enough to make it live up to its reputation. skylark
After the birds stopped singing, blue-gray mint grew in the field, swaying in the sun.
Critics can still enjoy the praise of such a simple singer in order to spend every moment with them.
Lonely time. What a good partner! It gives nature a wonderful return.
Third, musical instruments.
For scientific research, we can frankly say to the cricket, "Let's see your instrument." be just like
Like all kinds of valuable things, it's simple. It is very similar to an owl's musical instrument. According to the same principle,
It's just a bow with a hook and a diaphragm. Right sheath and left sheath, almost finished.
Except the back and the part wrapped around the side, it is completely covered. This style is similar to the grasshoppers and grasshoppers we saw before.
, as opposed to the same kind. Crickets are on the right, covered on the left, and grasshoppers wait. Cover the right on the left.
The structures of the two wing sheaths are exactly the same. Knowing one means knowing the other. They are laid flat on the crickets.
On the body. Next to it, it suddenly leaned down at a right angle and wrapped itself tightly, with a long vein on it.
If you remove the two wing sheaths and observe the light carefully, you can see that it is extremely pale and reddish.
Color, except for two connected places, is a big triangle in front and a small ellipse in the back.
There are fuzzy wrinkles, and these two places are its vocal organs. The skin here is transparent, more transparent than other places.
It's close, but it's a little smoky.
There are five or six black stripes in the gap at the front and back end, which look like the steps of a ladder.
They can rub against each other, thus increasing the number of contact points with the lower bow to enhance its vibration.
Below, one of the two veins around the gap is ribbed. Cut into a hook shape is a bow, which is very long.
There are about 150 triangular teeth, so neat that they almost conform to the laws of geometry.
This is indeed a very delicate instrument. One hundred and fifty teeth on the bow are embedded in the steps of the opposite wing sheath.
The four sounders inside vibrate at the same time, the lower pair directly rubs, and the upper pair is a swinging friction instrument.
It can transmit music to hundreds of yards with only four speakers. You can imagine what the sound is like.
What a hurry!
Its voice can be compared with the crisp chirping of cicadas, and it is not as rough as the latter. In comparison, crickets
Cricket calls better because it knows how to adjust its tone. The wing sheaths of crickets face two different kinds of wing sheaths.
The direction extends, so it is very open. This forms a damper, and you can change its hair by lowering it a little.
The intensity of the sound. Depending on their contact with the cricket's soft body, it can be made soft for a while.
And sing in a low voice, and then make a very high tone.
It is very noteworthy that the two wings of a cricket are completely similar. I can clearly see the bow above.
Role, and the movements of the four pronunciation parts. But what's the use of the next left bow?
It is not placed on anything, and nothing touches the hook decorated with teeth. It's totally useless
Yes, unless the two parts can be reversed, the lower part can be placed in the upper part. If it's okay.
Yes, then its instrument function is still the same as before, but this time it is now.
Bow up. The lower huqin bow becomes the upper bow, but the tone of playing is still the same.
At first, I thought both crickets were useful, and at least some of them were used on the left. But look at it
The result of the survey is just the opposite of my imagination. All the crickets I have observed (a large number) are covered with right-wing sheaths.
Yes, there are no exceptions.
I even made it by hand. I gently clamped the cricket's left sheath with pliers.
Put it on the right-wing sheath and never break the skin. With a little skill and patience, it is easy to do.
Everything went well, the shoulder didn't fall off and the wing membrane didn't wrinkle.
I wish crickets could still sing in this state, but they were soon disappointed. It began to return to
Original state. I fiddled with it several times over and over again, but the cricket was stubborn.