In June of the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), the Qing army once again issued a haircut order, ordering the people of the whole country to shave their heads within ten days, "Keep your hair, keep your hair." This seriously hurt the national feelings of the Han people, so they rose up against the Qing Dynasty.
Among them, Jiading people's struggle against scraping is particularly tenacious and fierce. On June 13, the people began to brew resistance under the order of shaving hair. In Jiading County of Qing Dynasty, the hair was forced to be shaved, and the uprising broke out suddenly.
Suburban residents shouted to defeat the Qing army. People elected Huang Chunyao and Hou Tong to lead the anti-Qing movement. Li Chengdong led the Qing army to storm, and the residents in the city fought in the rain with perseverance.
The Qing army had to attack the city on a large scale. Hou Tong once threw himself into the river, Huang Chunyao hanged himself, and no one in the city surrendered. In a rage, the Qing army slaughtered the city, killed more than 20,000 people, and abandoned the city and fled. This is a massacre.
The next day, Zhu Ying led the masses into the city, organized rebellion against the Qing army, and was defeated by the Qing army. This is the second massacre. On August 16th, the Ming Dynasty general Wu Qibing counterattacked Jiading, but he was also defeated. More than 20,000 people were killed inside and outside the city because of these three butchers.
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The memory left by this massacre includes the inhumanity of the Qing army, the tragic Jiading massacre, and the heroic sacrifice feat of Hou Tongzeng, Huang Chunyao and many just people in Jiading who "know what they can't do".
In addition, it is also a turning point of Jiading's 800-year history and culture. It can be said that this incident left an indelible "cultural scar" on the fertile cultural soil of Jiading more or less, intentionally or unintentionally.
What was the cultural outlook before the "Jiading Three Slaughters" and what changes have taken place since? As long as we carefully explore and study, we may always find some clues from the handed down classics and cultural relics, from which we can get a glimpse of Jiading's cultural context.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Three Pictures of Jiading