Dear Peter:
I am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Here are some suggestions. First of all, it's very important to take Chinese class, because you can learn from the teacher and practice with your classmates. Then, whenever possible, watching TV and reading books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese are also helpful.
Besides, learning and singing Chinese songs should be a good idea, because it will make it easier for you to learn and remember Chinese words. You can also make more friends in China. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.
Try to write to me in Chinese next time.
Best wishes.
Li Hua
English writing skills:
English writing, like Chinese writing, should have good content and good structure, and the quality of sentences depends on the choice of words and sentences. This paper will talk about writing from three aspects: 1 and wording. Choosing clear, accurate and vivid words and using idioms properly can avoid the monotony and poverty of language and make it vivid and rich in connotation. 2. sentences. We can try to express the same concept in many ways, and constantly change the sentence structure, so as to make the language form colorful and strengthen the expressive force. 3. Get to the point. The content of the article must be consistent with the theme, otherwise no matter how good the language is, it can only be regarded as a failure.
English writing is the same as Chinese writing. Write a good article, the content should be relevant and the structure should be reasonable. A good article is inseparable from a good sentence, and the quality of a sentence is closely related to the choice of words and sentences. This paper discusses writing from three aspects: vocabulary, sentence structure and the unity of the whole article and content.
I. wording
1, choose vivid and accurate words.
Words are the basic unit of language. If people want to express their thoughts, they should choose appropriate words, which is the basic requirement of writing.
Words can be divided into general words and specific words. Words). Words expressing general concepts have vague meanings; Words that express specific concepts have clear meanings, accurate expressions and vivid images. Reasonable use of words with specific concepts in writing can make the meaning of sentences accurate, the content vivid and more infectious. Try to compare the following sentences:
(l) Several houses were destroyed yesterday (generally)
Five houses were burned down? Yesterday's decline (specific)
His relatives gave him two gifts (generally)
His uncle and aunt gave him a watch and a pen as a birthday present? Gifts. (Specific)
Where did Jack go? The window, have a look? Look at the crowd outside (generally)
Jack. Tiptoe to the window and peep into the room.
In the above groups of sentences, the first sentence is an abstract generalization, which gives people a vague feeling; the second sentence is specific in words and unique in meaning, which gives people an accurate and vivid feeling.
2. Use English idioms and idioms
In the long-term use of language, people have accumulated a large number of idioms. These idioms are rich in connotation and vivid in language. Proper use of such phrases in the article can avoid the monotony and poverty of language and make sentences vivid and rich in connotation. For example:
George has lost his social position since his business failed.
It can be changed to: George is here? Come down? Are you online? The world? Since his? Business? unsuccessful
Maybe you have time to go? The cinema, but I have more important things to do? To.
Maybe you have time to go to the movies, but I have other things to do.
3. Word width
The width of words can reflect the author's vocabulary. If a person has a large vocabulary, you can put it another way when the same concept has different expressions. For example:
Teachers insist that students should? Give up love for learning, however, hold? It is not good to fall in love among college students.
In these two sentences, the predicates are maintain and hold respectively. If you change them into thinking, the meaning is the same, but the width of the words is not as good as the original. In these two sentences, to give up is not acceptable, and so on. They are all expressions of word width.
Therefore, consciously and appropriately increasing the width of words in English writing can not only embody the principle of applying what you have learned, but also make the article achieve good results.
Second, the diversity of sentences.
In English, the same idea is expressed in different sentence patterns, and the effect will be very different. If you want to write a good article, you must constantly change the sentence structure.
L, alternate use of long and short sentences
The length of a sentence is used to express ideas. English short sentences are simple in structure, clear in meaning and vivid in expression, while long sentences are complex in structure and rich in information, which can express mature ideas and complex concepts. Using long sentences or short sentences blindly will make the article appear monotonous, thus affecting the overall effect of the article. The scientific alternation of long and short sentences makes the sentence structure varied, which not only brings ups and downs of language aesthetic feeling to the article, but also obtains ideal rhetorical effect. Please look at the following passage:
She went back to her office. There is a note under the door. ? It's from Mr. May. He said he was waiting for her in the coffee shop. He didn't find her sister. He is sorry to have missed her.
This passage uses a series of short sentences, which is boring to read. In order to make the text more vivid and clear, it can be changed to:
When she returned to the office, she found a note from Mr Zhang Mei under the door. He said he was waiting for her in the coffee? Room, haven't found her sister. He is sorry to have missed her.
After the revision, the three sentences are different in length and give people different feelings when they are read.
Another example is "Going Home" in Lesson 10 of Book 1 of College English. When the car drove to Nick, bruns, when the young man in the car saw Huang Shoupa, the following two lines appeared:
Then, suddenly, all the young people stood up from their seats, crying silently and dancing happily. Except vlngo. These two sentences are long (23 words) and short (3 words), which set each other off and complement each other. The two and and four ing words in the first sentence dye the lively and noisy atmosphere to the extreme. After the long sentence, the bee turned around, and a short sentence with only three words jumped into the reader's eyes, almost boiling, but the rest of the sound did not end. At this time, although the appearance is indifferent, the heart is hot.
2. Diversification of sentence endings
"Subject-predicate-object" and "main system table" are the basic sentence patterns in English, and subject-guided sentences are also the most commonly used sentence patterns. In order to avoid a single writing form, it may be better to change a sentence when it can start with the subject and other structures at the same time. For example:
(1) was defeated in the minor exchange, and now I play my ace queen.
There are two ways to own a book.
(3) Equally important is good reading habits (at the beginning of the predicate)
All the above sentences can start with a subject, but if you change the beginning of the sentence, the article will be sparse and not leaking, and the language form will be rich and colorful.
3. The sentence structure is diversified
In writing, we can increase literary talent and strengthen expressive force by changing sentence structure. For example:
(l)? The love of freedom. Love for others; The love of power is our own love.
(Parallel structure. This structure is neat and compact; The sentence is vivid, vivid, semantic and powerful. )
(2) Gone are the days when we got support from confrontation and exploitation. This expression is fluent, but the meaning is not very prominent. )
The days when we supported positive opposition and exploitation are gone forever.
The inverted sentence structure fully reflects the pride of the exploited and oppressed people after liberation. )
Third, the viewpoint is pertinent and the structure is reasonable.
This is one of the most important requirements in writing. It requires writing to come straight to the point. If you write an article about the importance of health, the prompt is 1, the importance of health; 2. Ways to keep healthy; 3. My opinion. According to the requirements, the article should write three natural paragraphs, and the beginning of each paragraph must be the content of the prompt. Therefore, these three paragraphs can start like this:
Length health is very important to each of us.
There are many ways to help strengthen our health.
As for me, I like running, playing basketball and football.
Except to the point, the content of the discussion must be consistent with the tips, otherwise the language of the article can only be regarded as a failure. Generally speaking, each natural paragraph of this kind of article consists of three parts, namely, topic sentence, discussion sentence and conclusion sentence. The topic sentence is given by the prompt, the discussion sentence provides the viewpoint to prove the topic sentence, and the conclusion sentence summarizes, induces and summarizes the main sentence viewpoint.
In a word, you cannot write a good English composition overnight. In addition to the above methods, we need to start from normal times and write more frequently to improve our writing level and language expression ability.