(Jiangxi Nuclear Industry Geological Survey Institute, Nanchang 330038)
This paper analyzes the necessity of speeding up the digitalization construction of uranium geological data by taking the opportunity of geological data cleaning, and puts forward several problems that should be paid attention to in digitalization implementation from three aspects: digitalization preparation stage, digitalization implementation stage, digitalization achievement management and application stage.
Nuclear industry; Uranium geology; Archives; digitization
In 2007, in order to give full play to the existing geological archives of uranium mines and promote the development, utilization and socialized service of more geological archives, under the unified arrangement of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources, our bureau cleaned up and registered the archives of geological achievements, determined the classification, types and items of confidential information, investigated the damaged archives and initially established a catalogue database of geological achievements. Through this data cleaning, the file management of our bureau has been further standardized, and the family background has been found out, laying a foundation for promoting the implementation of digitalization. For this reason, the graphic digitization project of geological data, which has been brewing for many years in our bureau, was started in early 2008. It is planned to complete the digitization of all geological data files in the collection in three years, establish full-text database and perfect catalog database, so as to provide the most extensive and fastest utilization service for the collection files and make the published file information mutually accessible, thus meeting the needs of uranium resource management, geological survey and evaluation and building a harmonious society for China's national defense and national economy.
1 the necessity of digital construction of uranium geological archives
Digitization 1. 1 is the requirement of the times and the general trend of social development.
With the extensive application and rapid development of information society and modern computer technology, digital processing and storage of archives, computer retrieval and reading, network transmission and flow are imperative. The archives of uranium geology and technology in our bureau are divided into geological exploration, geophysical and geochemical exploration, hydrogeology, surveying and mapping, experimental testing, prospecting engineering, resource prediction, evaluation and supervision, scientific and technological research, capital construction, civil production, etc. 13. Faced with such a huge amount of archival information, if it remains at the level of manual management, its processing, sorting, utilization and transmission will be eliminated by history. Therefore, speeding up the digitalization of uranium geological archives is related to the position and role of uranium geological archives in China in the future information age.
The digitalization of 1.2 is beneficial to the scientific protection of geological archives.
Some uranium geological archives have been used for a long time or frequently, and some are of poor paper quality, such as yellow and brittle paper, faded handwriting, adhesion of polyester map, falling off notes, serious wrinkling and damage, and some can no longer be used. Last year, our bureau cleaned up and registered the geological data in the collection, and at the same time conducted a thorough investigation on the file storage status. * * * More than 800 damaged files and 1000 maps were registered. Therefore, it is another urgent task for geological prospecting units to rescue, repair or copy these files as soon as possible and protect them well. Digitalization is the best and most thorough restoration scheme for damaged files, which can effectively protect the original files.
The digital results of 1.3 are beneficial to the further research, development and utilization of uranium geological data.
In order to alleviate the shortage of uranium resources in China, the Geological Bureau of the Nuclear Industry put forward that the short-term prospecting goal in South China is to expand the resource reserves of existing uranium fields, with emphasis on the investigation and expansion of the "second enrichment zone" with a depth of 500 ~ 1000 m and the prospect of uranium resources outside the existing mining areas. In order to achieve this goal, we must use new theories, new technologies and new methods to comprehensively analyze and study the basic data such as collection location, data, chemistry and drilling, extract valuable information, summarize the ore-controlling factors and metallogenic laws, and screen out new prospecting targets, target areas and exploration bases. Digital results have the advantages of convenient, fast, efficient and comprehensive acquisition, integration, optimization, analysis and processing of archival information data, thus greatly improving the degree of geological exploration, saving investment, shortening the construction period, reducing the blindness of ore prospecting and realizing a new major breakthrough in geological uranium prospecting.
Digitization 1.4 can solve the problems and contradictions that traditional file management itself cannot solve.
Due to the particularity of the geological industry, the long-term field operation bases are scattered, the transportation is inconvenient, the paper carrier is not convenient for long-distance quick query and call, and the degree of information collection, storage, transmission and resource sharing is getting lower and lower, which is far from meeting or satisfying the needs of field geological work. Moreover, the production cost of paper reports and maps is getting higher and higher, and the inventory space occupied is getting bigger and bigger. The biggest feature of digital archives is that it completely changes the utilization mode of paper archives, breaks through the limitation of archives utilization, borrows and manages data without the limitation of time and space and geographical location, and can conduct remote query and full-text retrieval through the network, thus transmitting data quickly and conveniently, improving work efficiency and reducing costs. Moreover, the carriers of digital achievements are hard disks, optical disks and so on. Large capacity, low cost, small size, easy to carry and store, and conducive to the management of field work environment.
2 Digital implementation process should pay attention to grasp several issues
2. 1 preparation stage
First, seriously practice Scientific Outlook on Development, do a good job in the value appraisal of geological data before digitization, and implement the digitization scope and implementation plan. Digitizing all the collection files is the most thorough digitization scheme in theory. It is not necessary to digitize all the complex archives, but to select the archives of important uranium mines and deposits to digitize first. The second is to strengthen study, training and inspection. Because digitalization is a brand-new task for nuclear geological prospecting units and lacks practical experience, it is extremely important to study, train, inspect and investigate before digitalization. Strengthen and improve the quality requirements and technical standards of digitalization through study and training; Through investigation and study, we can learn from the mature methods and advanced experience of other industries in digital work, so as to avoid detours. The third is to standardize and unify the technical system, technical standards and norms of global archives digitalization and informatization. Therefore, electronic documents can be browsed, used and converted normally under the general standards and environment, so as to achieve the purposes of interoperability, unified maintenance, unified upgrade and information sharing. Fourth, the archives of the Bureau of Geology should strengthen the guidance and supervision of the digitalization work of subordinate geological prospecting units, and make overall planning and specific division of labor for the digitalization work of geological data submitted, so as to avoid waste caused by repeated work.
2.2 Digital specific implementation stage
Because uranium geological archives involve state secrets of the nuclear industry, digitization is a long-term and complicated system engineering, with large capital investment, heavy tasks and heavy workload. In the process of digitization, special attention should be paid to the safety, confidentiality and quality management of archival entities, archival information and data. First, strengthen the security awareness of all the staff involved in digitalization and build a security line ideologically; Formulate a digital security system to plug security loopholes from the source; Take physical isolation between digital processing network and external network, install jammer and firewall, install password equipment and other security measures to cut off the leakage of hardware equipment. Second, it is necessary to establish a responsibility mechanism, implement post responsibilities, and strictly operate norms. Archival entities should carry out detailed handover registration in each operation link and process, such as sorting, scanning, inputting, identifying, proofreading, image processing, directory establishment, data acceptance and data backup. And effectively monitor the whole process to ensure the absolute safety of original files and information data. The third is to ensure quality. The quality of any work link in the process of digitalization directly affects the quality of the construction of archival information resources. For example, preprocessing requires accurate data and clear identification; The scanned document should keep the original appearance of the document, the recorded information content should be consistent, complete and complete with the original paper document, and the map should be clear, true and effective and meet the quality standards; CD burning should have correct format and complete content, and can be browsed and retrieved independently, so as to ensure the authenticity, availability and integrity of digital results. Half of scanned files should be bound in time to restore their original appearance.
2.3 storage and application stage of digital electronic files
After the digitization of geological data, facing the new storage carrier, how to standardize the arrangement, safe storage and effective utilization of electronic files is an urgent problem for archivists. First of all, we should do a good job in the warehousing and acceptance of digital results. Every electronic document should be thoroughly checked to see if it can be opened, read, browsed and used normally; Whether the arrangement order, format, file naming and organization of the main body and drawings meet the requirements of the specification; Whether there are physical deformation, scratches, spots, mildew spots or viruses on the surface of the CD. If it is found to be unqualified, it should be remade to ensure that the data stored in the CD can be read effectively. Second, seriously study and practice, and constantly improve the level of preservation and utilization of digital results. The storage and utilization of electronic files need to be carried out in a certain technical environment and a series of technical guarantee measures according to their characteristics and software and hardware platforms, which involves the establishment of many methods, technologies and standards. Therefore, in addition to establishing the management system of electronic archives of uranium geological industries, systems and units, we should further strengthen and improve the infrastructure construction, and do a good job in standardized arrangement, safe storage, regular inspection and maintenance, safe and effective provision and utilization. The third is to improve the talent and knowledge structure of the archives management team as soon as possible and improve the comprehensive quality of archivists. After the digitization of geological data, the preservation, query and retrieval of digital electronic files, the operation and application of computers and related management software, and the maintenance and update of database construction all put forward higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of existing archivists, such as ideas and professional skills. At present, the archivists in geological prospecting units rarely have compound talents who know both file management and computer application. There is an urgent need to cultivate archives information management talents, strengthen the training of existing personnel in a planned way, quickly improve their basic knowledge and skills of electronic archives management and the application level of computer technology, do a good job in transforming traditional archives management into digital management, and provide solid geological information resources services and guarantees for the new round of geological prospecting in the nuclear industry.