In recent years, the narrative examination mainly has the following points:
1: the formal proposition of content generalization: to do this kind of topic, we must grasp the core elements, people and things. of course，
Sometimes, the important time and place, the identity of the characters and the cause and effect of the event should also be reflected in the answer.
At the same time, we should pay attention to whether the topic is limited by the number of words, such as the range of words, as detailed as possible, and the number of words exceeds.
Delete secondary information.
2. Narrative person and role: the first person is convenient to express one's feelings, and reading can increase the authenticity of the article.
Feeling. The second person said, just like the dialogue between the author and the reader, it gives people a sense of intimacy. The third person is out of date
Empty restrictions can be described freely in many ways.
3. Describe the details: In the exam, we often examine it in this form: "Why should we write in detail or omit anything?"
Write? ",the basic format of the answer is" what content has little to do with what center and who, so I will simply write it down. or
What content is closely related to what center or central figure, and what center or better table can be better expressed?
What is the central figure now? Write in detail. "
4. Narrative sequence and its function: There are four common types: direct narration, flashback, insertion and supplementary narration.
The function of time series narration is to make the narrative level clearer according to the development of things.
The function of flashback is to form a strong suspense and attract readers to read the following.
The role of narration is to simply support or supplement the main plot.
The function of supplementary narrative is to supplement, enrich and deepen narrative, make narrative more rigorous, and sometimes play a prominent role.
The role of emphasis.
5. Narrative clues: Narrative clues can be divided into: taking people as the line, taking things as the line, taking things as the line and thinking with people.
I want to change my feelings into a line (I have studied more) and regard the transfer of time and space as a line. (Such questions often appear in the form of fill-in-the-blank questions)
6. The description of narrative characters is diverse: general description and detailed description; Physical description, psychological description, action
Description, language description, expression description; Front description and side description, etc.
Generally, it appears with the question: What kind of characters? What are the specific methods of characterization? Use example sentences to enter
What is the function of line analysis? (For example, the sentence "--"is what kind of description is depicted.
Character image? )
7 the description of the environment in the narrative and its function: (There are more descriptions of the natural environment)
The role of the natural environment: it shows the psychological activities of the characters; Render the atmosphere; Pave the way for the following; Push it.
The development of art festivals. For example, what is the description of underlined sentences? Represent a role
What psychology (what personality does it show? ), what atmosphere is rendered? What shop do you make below?
Pad？ )
8. Evaluation of narrative language: it can be evaluated from the style of the language itself; Can be judged from figures of speech (in this respect
There are many tests: what rhetoric is often used to answer example sentences? What is its function?
This type of question is: Why are some words used well in a sentence? There are three steps to answering the question: first, what does this word mean?
What? Is it a range? Is it a restriction? Or estimate, etc.; Second, answer according to the content of this sentence; Third, use
What's the effect after adding some words? If the word or sentence is good, it may be because of what revision is used.
Resign? Answer what rhetoric is used first, and then answer its function. If it is a metaphor or personification, you must answer "life"
What vivid things did you write )
9. The role of the paragraph: The role of the opening paragraph is usually to always guide the following or ask questions; The paragraphs in the text are often transitional;
The last paragraph is to summarize the full text, or deepen the main idea.
(The above points are just most of the test sites. Narrative questions are flexible, but you can master the answers.
Skills are also important. )
The following methods can be used to summarize the meaning of a paragraph: (l) Selection method. Some paragraphs include several aspects, but there are primary and secondary points, which can be omitted and summarized by selecting the main ones. (2) Comprehensive method. In some paragraphs, several meanings are very important, and you can't tell the priority. We can combine several meanings in the paragraph and summarize them. (3) citation method. Some paragraphs have keywords or central sentences that reveal the central meaning, which can be directly quoted as the main idea of the article. (4) Summary method. For paragraphs with keywords or central sentences that don't reveal the central meaning, you should summarize the meaning of the paragraph concisely in your own words. In short, the main characters, events and thoughts should be highlighted in the induction section, and the secondary characters, events and thoughts should be abandoned.
Analysis of Explanatory Reading Test Sites and Answering Skills
As a practical style, expository writing is an important examination content of Chinese test questions in senior high school entrance examination. Common test contents are as follows
Next:
(1) Understand the object of interpretation and its characteristics or the reasons and reasons for interpretation;
(2) explain the test order;
(3) Explain the method and check its function;
4. Understanding and analysis of descriptive language; Language features; The meaning and expressive function of keywords and sentences;
5. Differentiate various expressions in the text and their functions;
6. Summarize the main points and summarize the meaning or paragraph;
7. Explanatory writing analysis;
8 explain the function of the paragraph;
9. Structural analysis of explanatory text;
10 talk about feelings with practice;
List the following exam contents and answering skills:
1. Classification of explanatory texts: from the perspective of explanatory objects: things explanatory texts and things explanatory texts.
2. From the linguistic features of expository writing: simple expository writing and vivid expository writing.
3. Order of interpretation: chronological order, spatial order, logical order. Specific classification of logical order: main-
Secondary, causal, phenomenon-essence, characteristic-use, general-special, generalization-concrete, whole-part.
Typical test questions: What explanation order is used to explain what content in this paper, so as to make the explanation more organized.
4. Interpretation method:
Common interpretation methods and their functions;
For example, by giving specific examples to explain the characteristics and reasons of things, so as to make the explanation more specific and more.
Persuasive.
Classification: explain the characteristics and reasons of things in different categories, so as to make the explanation more organized.
Comparison: compare what with what to highlight the characteristics and reasons of things.
Interpretation: explain the characteristics and reasons of things in detail to make the explanation more understandable.
Metaphor: compare what to what, thus vividly explaining the characteristics and reasons of things.
Imitation of appearance: vividly describe the characteristics and events of things to make the explanation more specific.
Definition: To reveal objects and scientific facts in concise and scientific language, so as to be more scientific and basic.
Qualitative, more generally reveal the characteristics of things and things.
Number: explain the characteristics and reasons of things with specific data to make the explanation more accurate and convincing.
Charting: Explain the characteristics and events of things by means of charts, making the explanation more concise and intuitive.
Citation: Cite examples and data (the same function as above) and quote famous sayings, aphorisms and proverbs to make the explanation more convincing.
Quote myths and legends, news reports, riddles, anecdotes, etc. , in order to enhance the interest of the explanation. If quoted,
At the beginning of the article, description also plays the role of drawing out the object of description.
5. Comment on the language of explanatory text:
The language of the whole article is generally evaluated from two angles: one is accurate, and the other is vivid or concise.
Real.
6. The analysis of words in explanatory texts is often the analysis of adding words and words to sentences: there are three ways to check: its
1. What is the function of adding words? The second is whether a word can be replaced; The third is whether some words can be deleted. such
Questions are often answered in combination with the characteristics of the accuracy of the explanation language. The second question will be compared in the answer.
The difference. The third question type should also add "after deletion, it does not conform to people's understanding of objective things or is related to objective things."
It does not conform to the statement. "
7. Explanatory writing analysis:
Talking about the explanation method: the standard answer mode is as follows: What explanation method is mainly used in this paper, saying
What is the content? What is the explanation?
Combined with rhetorical devices: this is a vivid exposition, which uses a lot of rhetorical devices. What does this mean?
Yao content, make the description of the article vivid.
In the combination of forms of expression: narration and description make the explanation more concrete and vivid; Lyric comments make the explanation more emotional. answer the question
The standard format of this article is as follows: This article uses a variety of expressions. Besides explanation, what else?
Yao, if you give an example, what kind of expression is used to make the explanation more specific and emotional.
8. Explain the role of paragraphs:
The function of structure and content: either lead to the following, or connect with the following, or summarize the full text and the previous text. Sometimes in the article
At the beginning, it also plays a role in attracting objects and explaining things.
9. The structure of the article mainly includes: total score; Total score formula; Divide by the total
Thoughts and skills of reading test sites and solving problems in argumentative writing
(A) argumentative reading test center
Judging from the middle school entrance examination questions all over the country, the selected articles are mainly extracurricular; The content is mainly humanities.
To educate students in personality, thought, quality, psychology and other aspects. The question type is mainly subjective.
Status, but also began to try to open questions, and there is an expanding trend. Therefore, we should always pay attention to Chinese education.
The process of reform.
To read argumentative writing, we must first have the concept of argumentative writing, that is, to understand the relevant knowledge of argumentative writing and master its stylistic characteristics.
Sign. If you do argumentative reading questions, you should answer "examples", "metaphors" and "numbers".
Not standardized enough. So, what are the knowledge points about argumentative writing?
First, the concept of argumentative writing: also known as argumentative writing, is a kind of comment with argumentation as the main expression and logical thinking.
Types of articles about matter and reason.
Second, the classification of argumentative essays: broadly speaking, argumentative essays can generally be divided into political essays and academic essays. What is commonly called
Argumentative essays mainly refer to political essays. Judging from the way of argumentation, argumentative writing can be divided into argumentative writing and refuting writing.
Third, the characteristics of argumentative writing: the content is theoretical, the structure is logical and the language is general.
1. argument: it is the author's views and opinions on the issues discussed and the soul of argumentative writing. Only by accurate grasp
Only the arguments of the article can understand the viewpoints and problems to be solved in the article. Generally, there is only one argumentative paper.
Central argument, some argumentative papers also put forward several sub-arguments around the central argument. Distinguish between central arguments and sub-arguments.
Not difficult. Sub-arguments are used to supplement or prove the central argument. As long as we study the relationship between these arguments, we can see that
Which is the master, which is the slave, which is the program and which is the purpose.
2. Argument: It is the material to prove the argument. It is dominated by argument. It provides arguments. There are two common arguments.
Three types of factual argument and rational argument. Factual arguments: including representative and conclusive examples or historical facts.
Theoretical argumentation: refers to the correct theory that has been tested by people's practice and recognized by the society, including social science theory.
Theories, such as philosophical theories; It also includes the principles, laws and formulas of natural science and widely circulated proverbs and famous sayings.
Epigram, etc.
3. Argumentation: refers to the process and method of using arguments to prove arguments, which is the logical connection between arguments.
Belt. Demonstrate and solve the problem of "what needs to be proved", demonstrate and solve the problem of "what to prove", and demonstrate and solve.
How to prove it. There are many ways to demonstrate, and the common ones are as follows: ① Demonstration with examples: listing is true.
Chisel, with sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument; (2) Reasoning: using the incisiveness in the classic works of Marxism-Leninism.
Point of view, famous sayings of celebrities at home and abroad, and accepted theorem formulas to prove the argument; ⑦ Contrast theory
Prove: compare positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove arguments in comparison; ④ Metaphorical argument: employing people
Use familiar things as metaphors to prove the argument.
(B) Argumentative thinking and skills to solve problems
Do the reading questions of argumentative essays. First, identify the argument: the argument should be a clear judgment and a complete statement of the author's point of view.
It should be a complete sentence in form. The title of some articles is the central argument, such as saving money to raise morality.
Some articles put forward arguments at the beginning and should be summarized in clear sentences.
In addition to analyzing the position of the above arguments in the article, the following methods can be used: 1. Analyze the article.
Content, help to find out the argument. 2. Analyzing arguments helps to find them. Because the argument proves the argument,
Analyze an argument and see what it proves. This question is an argument. 3。 Analysis of topics helps to find out.
Argument. Pay attention to the difference: some titles are not arguments, but topics.
Second, analysis and demonstration: 1. Distinguish between factual argument and rational argument. Find out what this argument is used to prove.
Yao seems.
Third, clear argumentation methods: distinguish articles from examples, reasons, metaphors and comparisons.
Which methods. Among them, examples are better to distinguish. The general rule of reasoning is to use famous sayings as arguments.
Yes Metaphorical argumentation refers to the metaphorical rhetorical devices used in argumentation statements. Comparative argument generally needs to find out the pros and cons.
Two aspects of the discussion.
Fourth, analyze the structure of the article: the general structure of an argumentative article is to ask questions, analyze problems, solve problems and quote.
The conclusion of this theory. It is necessary to clarify the thinking of the article: look at what questions are raised at the beginning and divide them from several aspects.
Analyze and demonstrate which aspect is emphasized, and then further study the reasons for this arrangement.
Fifth, analyze the linguistic features of argumentative writing: pay attention to understanding and summarizing rich keywords. Debate language
Often more general, with more abstract words to express rich content. For example, "saving support" in "the morality of saving support"
"Virtue" means living a frugal life, thus cultivating moral character. Rich in connotation, the police instigate people, only contact.
Product background and full text content, so as to have a deeper understanding.
Sixth, reading argumentative essays also involves basic knowledge such as pronunciation, vocabulary and sentence meaning. This will happen in peacetime.
Be a conscientious person, accumulate words at any time, and try to figure out and understand interesting sentences. This appears on the exam questions.
The content should be understood from the content of the article, especially the center of the article.
Seventh, we must grasp it as a whole. Read the full text before answering the question, sometimes even twice.
Can really read. Just look. The answer will be accurate.
Reading guidance of novels in senior high school entrance examination
First, the test site perspective
Modern text reading mainly examines the reading of two kinds of articles: one is popular science reading with the main purpose of acquiring knowledge and information; First, reading literary works with the main purpose of appreciating and cultivating sentiment. In recent years, there has been no examination of novel reading in the reading of literary works in the senior high school entrance examination, but the possibility of examination is not without, so we should pay attention to it.
Second, the focus of novel review
1. Novel is a narrative literary style that focuses on creating characters and reflects social life by telling stories and describing the environment.
2. Short stories are short in length, few in characters, simple in plot and highly likely to be examined.
3. Examination content:
(1) catch the characters.
2 summarize the story.
③ Environmental description analysis
④ Understand the theme of the novel.