Yam generally refers to Dioscorea, Dioscorea and Dioscorea plants of Dioscoreaceae. The stem is long and cylindrical, growing vertically; Leaves alternate in the lower part of the stem, sometimes opposite in the middle and upper part; Inflorescence axis is zigzag, bracts and perianth segments have purple-brown spots; The fruit is triangular oblate or triangular round with white powder. The flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is 7-165438+1October.
The name "Dioscorea zingiberensis" comes from the medical monograph "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing": "Dioscorea zingiberensis, Qin Chu's name is Yu Yan, Zheng Yue's name is Tu Shu, and Qi Zhao's name is goat." Dioscorea opposita has certain nutritional value, and its seedlings are edible, which can be used in sauce, pickling, stir-frying and cold dishes. It can also be developed into various drinks, jams and cans.
growing environment
Dioscorea zingiberensis is a short-day and warm crop with strong adaptability. Dioscorea zingiberensis mainly grows in hillsides, valleys, streams and roadside bushes or weeds at an altitude of150-1500m. The optimum temperature for seedling growth is 15-20℃. The optimum growth temperature is 25-28℃, and the growth is slow below 20℃.
Dioscorea is a deep-rooted plant, which requires sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage, but flat seeds and lump seeds can also grow in shallow and sticky soil. It is best to grow in the sunny and warm plain and hilly environment. Yam is cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, but not waterlogging-tolerant, so it is not suitable for planting in soil with too shallow or too humid groundwater level.