Who paints better, Fang Jizhong or Wan Ding?

Wan Ding's landscape paintings have changed our previous knowledge and understanding of northwest landscape paintings. In particular, the works of Zhao Wangyun, Shilu and Fang Jizhong, the representatives of Chang 'an Painting School, are more descriptions and representations of people and scenery on the Loess Plateau, and have become a classic example of the transformation of China landscape painting from traditional pen and ink to realistic landscape painting in the 20th century. Although Wan Ding's landscape painting is also a form of expression of "Chang 'an Painting School", it is a creative type that we have not paid enough attention to in the study of historical theory.

That is to say, in the "Chang 'an School of Painting", there are actually artistic styles formed by painters such as He and others, among which the green and golden landscapes are used to describe the landscapes of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi. Zheng Naiguang used to be a professor in the Department of Traditional Chinese Painting of Xi Academy of Fine Arts, and was good at drawing flowers and birds with iron hooks. At the same time, some works, including Zhao Wangyun's "Qinling Mountain Dense Forest Map", all embody another creative idea of "Chang 'an Painting School". Therefore, when we study the painting characteristics of "Chang 'an Painting School", we often only focus on generalizing and summarizing the works depicting the loess plateau in northwest China, ignoring this art form that is not common in our impression, but undoubtedly belongs to the painting tradition of "Chang 'an Painting School".

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One of landscape sketch16cm25cm Paper Coloring 2022

Wan Ding has been rooted in the Qinling Mountains for a long time. He is very familiar with the mountain scenery, natural vegetation and waterfalls of the Qinling Mountains, and pays attention to the macro expression of charm and momentum. Therefore, in Wan Ding's landscape works, he organically transformed the rich trees and mountains and rivers in the Qinling Mountains into his own brushwork charm. It can be said that the Qinling Plateau gave birth to the artistic style of Wan Ding's painting.

The most important artistic feature of Wan Ding's landscape painting is to set the color green, which is obviously different from the green landscape painting since Sui and Tang Dynasties. Although Wan Ding created a series of green and meticulous landscape works in his early years, his mature artistic style is reflected in the splash-ink and green landscape works. For example, Wan Ding's masterpiece "Looking at the Mountain, Looking at the Mountain of the Motherland" has a profound title. Obviously, he wants to show the mountains and rivers of the motherland through the natural mountains and rivers in Qinling Mountains, so as to more accurately and typically reflect the prosperous weather of new China. Therefore, Wan Ding's landscape paintings do not completely depict natural mountains and rivers, and it is hard to say which scenery this painting specifically depicts. Wan Ding, on the other hand, takes Qinling Mountain as the basic element of landscape creation, and reconstructs a magnificent and ups and downs landscape painting by splashing ink and coloring.

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Landscape sketch II16cm25cm Paper Coloring 2022

Therefore, from the formal point of view, Wan Ding's landscape works are no longer long scrolls for the ancients to play with and taste, but "mural-style" huge landscapes that can be hung on the wall, so he can't spread rice paper on a long table to describe it in detail, but can only erect the picture to create. Therefore, how to maintain the artistic effect of splashing ink and color in the picture has become the focus of painting, which shows the difficulty of this work in creative techniques. When we compare Wan Ding's splash-ink landscape painting with Zhang Daqian's and Liu Haisu's works, we can find that Zhang Daqian's and Liu Haisu's landscape paintings are still long-scroll works appreciated by traditional literati, and their splash-ink techniques are only presented in some local shapes, while Wan Ding's splash-ink landscape painting is more of a contemporary green landscape painting with rich visual tension and images, so Wan Ding's creative volume, heavy splash-color and overall weather are more grand.