Keywords: landscape architecture; Low cost; Design strategy
In the planning, design and construction of landscape architecture, the scale is large and the cost is high, so effective management and control are needed to reduce the cost and make contributions to urban economic development and environmental protection. Staff in related fields should recognize the problems existing in the design of low-cost landscape architecture and reasonably define the design principles of low-cost landscape architecture in order to realize the economy and environmental protection of landscape architecture and construction.
1 Problems in Landscape Architecture Design
1. 1 Waste of materials and labor costs
In landscape architecture design, it is necessary to consider the procurement and application of materials, and reasonably control the construction raw materials and labor costs, so as to reduce the actual cost of landscape architecture construction. However, at present, in the landscape design of landscape architecture in China, the control of raw materials and construction personnel is insufficient, and the cost control of construction scheme is also slightly insufficient, which leads to the waste of materials and labor costs of landscape architecture. In addition, in landscape architecture design, insufficient application of environmentally friendly and economical raw materials will also hinder the orderly development of low-cost landscape architecture design and construction [1].
1.2 Improper collocation between gardens and natural landscapes
In the construction of landscape architecture, we should make full use of the original natural ecological landscape to realize the harmony and unity between landscape architecture and natural landscape. However, the comprehensive utilization of natural ecology in some landscape gardens is not in place, and there is a problem of destroying the ecological environment. Landscape planning and construction does not make full use of the site and related resources, which is not conducive to the efficient and reasonable design of low-cost landscape buildings. In addition, some designers only consider beauty and pay insufficient attention to the economy of landscape construction.
1.3 landscape maintenance costs are high.
The management and maintenance of landscape architecture is a key issue that should be considered in landscape design. In order to improve the quality of garden management, high-cost maintenance management mode is chosen, which leads to the increase of garden maintenance cost and is not conducive to the construction of low-cost gardens. The conservation and management of landscape architecture should pay attention to the harmony between man and nature. However, the publicity and protection of the relevant personnel on the garden is not enough, which leads to the problem of destroying the garden from time to time. In addition, there are still problems such as insufficient inspection by managers and low technical level of management and maintenance.
2 low-cost landscape design principles
2. 1 People-oriented
In the final analysis, the construction of landscape architecture is to meet people's needs, that is, to meet people's needs for a better material life and spiritual life. Low-cost landscape architecture design should adhere to the people-oriented principle, pay attention to the harmony between people and landscape construction, and promote landscape architecture design to better meet people's lives. Landscape architecture is not only a kind of landscape, but also an important place for people's cultural activities, which bears the important functions of people's leisure, entertainment, cultural exchange and aesthetics. Therefore, in landscape design, we should adhere to the people-oriented principle and pay attention to people's feelings and experiences in landscape construction, so as to improve the scientificity and effectiveness of landscape construction and make beneficial contributions to the progress and development of human society [2].
2.2 Respect the laws of nature
It is an important principle of low-cost garden design and construction to respect the laws of nature and use them to reduce the impact on the ecological environment. At present, some landscape designers pay insufficient attention to the natural environment in order to pursue the beauty and innovation of landscape design. Although the landscape design is novel and unique, it seriously violates the laws of nature, resulting in serious waste in the process of landscape construction. Therefore, we should follow the laws of nature and attach importance to the ecological construction and development of landscape architecture. At the same time, landscape architecture design should adhere to the principle of harmony between man and nature. We should consider the ecological environment around the garden and make full use of natural ecological conditions to plan the landscape garden.
3 strategies to achieve low-cost design of landscape architecture
3. 1 Reasonable control of material and labor costs
In order to realize low-cost landscape construction, we should pay attention to reasonable material selection. In view of the cost management of garden landscape construction, we should pay attention to the durability and functionality of materials, and reasonably select garden construction materials on the premise of ensuring the realization of garden functions. There are great differences between landscape architecture construction and general engineering projects. It is necessary not only to realize the beauty of landscape architecture, but also to meet the requirements of economy and environmental protection. In the design, we should choose low-cost environmental protection materials, such as the application of native plants and renewable materials. In view of the application of native plants in landscape design, local materials can be used to save the cost of long-distance transportation of materials. At the same time, the survival rate of native plants is high, which avoids the waste of garden plants caused by low survival rate. In addition, labor costs are also the main expenditure in landscape architecture construction. In order to promote the orderly construction of low-cost landscape architecture, it is necessary to effectively control labor costs and ensure the scientificity and rationality of landscape architecture construction. Management should be strengthened to ensure the work efficiency of construction personnel and save human capital expenditure. Establish a reward and punishment system, reasonably explore the working ability and construction skills of construction personnel, and promote the efficient and reasonable application of human resources. In addition, the selection of landscape architecture construction personnel should adhere to the principle of localization, and find labor nearby, which can solve the local employment problem. Localized personnel familiar with local landscape architecture construction work can effectively improve labor efficiency [3]. Building materials and labor costs are the key factors to be considered in the design of low-cost landscape architecture. Reasonable construction materials and manual control system should be established to comprehensively manage and control the application of materials and the selection of construction personnel, so as to reduce the construction cost of garden buildings and improve the work efficiency of personnel. In addition, in order to comprehensively strengthen cost control, we should choose economic and environmental protection building materials, scientifically and effectively evaluate the existing construction technology and raw materials, and implement the elimination mechanism for related materials that do not meet the requirements of economic and environmental protection in the application process to ensure the orderly development of low-cost landscape construction.
3.2 Pay attention to the unity of landscape and natural environment
In order to effectively solve the problem of improper collocation between landscape construction and natural ecology, we should pay attention to the harmony and unity of landscape and natural environment in order to effectively save construction costs. In the planning and design of low-cost landscape architecture, we should pay attention to the original ecological environment of the park. Designing landscape architecture under the original vegetation conditions can not only save the cost of landscape construction, but also ensure the harmony and unity of landscape architecture and realize the organic fit with natural landscape. In order to achieve this goal, we should follow the natural laws of ecological environment, rationally design the landscape ecological content of each part of the park, and realize the organic combination of green plant coverage and natural ecological environment. Nature is the foundation of human existence, and respecting and loving nature has always been the basic principle of garden construction in China. Insisting on using ecological design scheme and paying attention to integrating landscape architecture into ecological environment are important design methods to reduce environmental interference. At the same time, the application of relevant strategies can also effectively reduce the construction cost of landscape architecture and promote the landscape to be more vibrant and energetic. In order to improve people's experience, we can make full use of the geographical advantages of gardens, make people feel the charm of nature with the help of forests and water flows, achieve the purpose of harmonious unity between garden buildings and natural landscapes, and give full play to the functions and functions of garden buildings. Resources are an important part of landscape architecture, which is of great significance to low-cost landscape architecture. Therefore, we should pay attention to the efficient and reasonable application of landscape resources, thus saving construction costs and promoting the economy and rationality of landscape architecture construction. We should fully consider the growing environment, soil and water sources of plants to be built, and take relevant factors as the basis of landscape architecture, so as to promote the scientific and effective construction of landscape architecture and realize the low-cost design and construction of landscape architecture. At the same time, we should pay attention to the optimal allocation of garden resources and improve the efficiency of resource utilization. In addition, in view of the ecological nature of landscape architecture, we should pay attention to the natural beauty and ecological beauty of landscape architecture, and pay attention to the use of natural landscape to build and match the landscape. We should not only consider the aesthetics of landscape architecture, but also adhere to the economy of landscape architecture, so as to achieve the harmony and unity of aesthetic design and economic design.
3.3 Using new technology to reduce maintenance costs
Insufficient consideration of the later garden maintenance management is an important reason for the high cost of maintenance management. Therefore, attention should be paid to landscape design and planning, and reasonable maintenance and management schemes should be designed to reduce the cost of landscape maintenance. Aiming at the problems existing in the management of landscape architecture at this stage, such as backward management mode and high control cost, this paper explores efficient and reasonable maintenance methods. For example, the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an advanced patrol technology product, can patrol and manage various landscapes in gardens, reduce the waste of human resources, improve the efficiency of garden management and minimize management costs. In the garden construction and management scheme, we should strengthen the application of management measures, pay attention to the application of advanced management methods, promote the orderly operation of low-cost gardens, and improve the efficiency of garden management. In addition, we should strengthen publicity and education for users of landscape architecture, improve people's ideology, strengthen garden protection, reduce maintenance costs, and promote the orderly development of low-cost garden construction. In the landscape management of low-cost landscape architecture, we should reasonably control the cost, pay attention to the application of lean management concept, effectively control the cost of landscape design, construction and maintenance, and reduce the project construction cost. The fundamental purpose of garden landscape construction is to meet people's spiritual and cultural needs and material needs and provide better services for people. Therefore, landscape design needs to adhere to the people-oriented principle and pay attention to improving people's experience [4]. In addition, in order to effectively control the cost of garden maintenance, it is necessary to strengthen the planting management of garden plants and choose scientific and effective planting techniques to ensure the survival rate of green plants and avoid waste. Plants are an important foundation of landscape architecture. Efficient plant landscape management can not only improve the aesthetic appreciation of landscape architecture, but also ensure the economy of landscape architecture and effectively reduce the later management and maintenance costs. Prune the green plants in the garden regularly, effectively control pests and diseases, improve the vitality of green plants and ensure the healthy development of garden ecology. In short, in the low-cost landscape construction, we should adhere to the principle of respecting nature and putting people first, use advanced technology and equipment, strengthen the management and maintenance of the landscape, and realize the low-cost construction and design of the landscape. At the same time, relevant personnel should realize that there are still some practical problems in the construction of low-cost landscape architecture, and it is necessary to explore reasonable solutions according to the existing problems in order to realize the ecological and orderly development of landscape architecture. The ecological development of low-cost landscape architecture is the development trend of the industry and should be paid enough attention to.
4 conclusion
To sum up, the construction and construction of low-cost landscape architecture can be promoted by reasonably controlling the cost of materials and labor, paying attention to the harmony between landscape and natural environment, and using new technologies to reduce maintenance costs. At the same time, the reasonable application of relevant measures will also contribute to the economy and environmental protection of regional landscape construction and promote the high-quality development of landscape design and construction industry.
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