Definition: Define how to evaluate, acquire, manage and utilize team and physical resources.
Planning resource management tools:
Data representation (hierarchy, responsibility allocation matrix, text)
Make sure that each work package has a clear person in charge and that all team members know their roles and responsibilities. There are generally three formats: hierarchy, matrix and text.
Hierarchical organization chart: showing all kinds of positions and their relationships from top to bottom helps to clarify the roles of senior staff. (OBS: company organizational breakdown structure)
Text type: suitable for recording detailed responsibilities.
Matrix type: The responsibility allocation matrix (RAM for short) is used to show the relationship between each work package or activity and project team members.
The purpose is to implement all the work to everyone, ensure that only one person is responsible for any task, and avoid confusion of responsibilities. Make sure everyone has something to do and someone does everything. An example of the responsibility allocation matrix is the RACI matrix, in which only one A is responsible for each job. (r = responsible a = accountable c = consult I = inform. Each activity can have more than one R, more than one I and more than one C, but only one A).
organization theory
Explain the behavior of individuals, teams and organizational units.
Every team and organization has its own set of hidden rules, which describe what actions people should take in it. Flexible use of leadership style according to organizational theory to adapt to the changes of team maturity in the project life cycle.
Planning the output of resource management:
Resource management plan
It is one of the sub-plans of project management. It is a guide on how to classify, allocate, manage and release project resources. Including:
Identify resources
Obtain resources
Roles and responsibilities
Project organization chart
Project team resource management: a guide to how to define, equip, manage and finally demobilize project team resources.
cultivate
team building
Resource control
Recognition plan: What recognition and rewards will be given to team members and when?
Team charter (class rules; Blame between teams; Someone is fooling around)
Team charter: a document that creates team values, knowledge and work guidelines for the team.
Define the core values, code of conduct and work rules of the team. Let team members establish and maintain a basically consistent understanding of what behavior is acceptable or unacceptable.
The articles of association of the team should be discussed and formulated by the team members, not formulated by a few people and then imposed on everyone. The team charter sets clear expectations for the acceptable behavior of project team members. Making and abiding by clear rules as soon as possible can reduce misunderstandings and improve productivity.
Discuss the code of conduct, communication, decision-making, meeting etiquette and other fields. Help team members understand each other's important value. Once the rules are made, all project team members must abide by them.
Estimated activity resources
Definition: estimate the team resources needed to carry out various activities, as well as the types and quantities of materials, equipment and supplies.
Tools for estimating activity resources:
Bottom-up estimation
First estimate the team resources and physical resources needed for each activity, and then summarize the resource requirements of the whole project.
Estimate the output of activity resources:
Resource decomposition structure
Is to show the resources needed by the whole project by category and type.
Obtain resources
Definition: Obtain the team members, facilities, equipment, materials, supplies and other resources needed for the project.
Tools for obtaining resources:
Negotiation negotiation
In many projects, it is the most important way to form a project team through negotiation.
The project management team needs to consult with the following personnel:
1) functional manager: get general and general resources.
2) Other project management teams in the executive organization: competing for special and scarce resources.
3) External organizations, sellers, suppliers, contractors, etc. : Get special resources.
Negotiation: its goal is clear, and it will negotiate with whoever needs resources.
predistribution
The project manager has no right to choose pre-assigned personnel.
Three situations:
1)；
2) stipulated in the project charter and designated by the senior management;
3) A project can't be done without a specific person's proprietary skills;
virtual team
A group of people who have the same goal and have little or no time to work face to face, for example, some people are abroad and some people work in different shifts and hours.
Disadvantages: Virtual teams may feel isolated, and it is difficult for team members to share knowledge and experience, so communication planning is very important when adopting virtual teams.
Get the output of the resource:
Physical resource allocation table
Record the materials, equipment, supplies, locations and other physical resources used in the project.
Project team assignment
Team members and their roles and responsibilities in the project need to include the names of project personnel, and relevant documents include:
Project Team Directory (Directory)
Project organization chart
Scheduled plan
Construction team development team
Definition: improve working ability, promote team members' interaction and improve the overall atmosphere of the team to improve project performance.
Objective: To improve personal ability and team cohesion. The purpose of forming a team is to make team members more energetic and cohesive.
Tackman's theory of team development stages (stages are generally carried out in sequence, but sometimes they are reversed or jumped);
A, form-get to know each other, understand the project situation and responsibilities; Independent of each other, not open; (adding new people will go back to that stage. )
B. Impact storm-relatively independent, storm-engaged in project work, unable to adopt a cooperative and open attitude towards different viewpoints and opinions;
C, specification-work together, adjust their work habits and behaviors according to the needs of the team, and trust each other. Work together to adjust your own shortcomings.
Mature performance-orderly work; Interdependence, balanced and efficient problem solving;
E. Dissolution and adjournment-all the work is completed and the team members leave the project.
Team building tools:
Centralized office location
Arranging project team members to work in the same physical location is also called compact matrix and war room. Post the progress plan, enhance team work ability, strengthen communication and cultivate collective consciousness.
Team building (team building)
Designed to help team members cooperate more effectively.
cultivate
Training includes all activities aimed at improving the ability of project team members, which can be formal or informal, planned or unplanned.
1) planned training: the project team lacks the necessary management and technical skills, and the planned training should be implemented according to the arrangement in the resource management plan;
2) Unplanned training: in the process of managing the project team, according to the results of observation, conversation and project performance evaluation, necessary unplanned training is carried out.
Output of the construction project team:
Team performance evaluation
With the development of project team construction, the project management team should evaluate the effectiveness of the project team. Evaluation indicators may include:
Improvement of personal skills
Improvement of team ability
Reduce the turnover rate of team members
Enhancement of team cohesion
Business environment factor update?
Manage the team (focus on team members)
Definition: Track the performance of team members, provide feedback, solve problems, and coordinate changes to optimize project performance.
Tools for managing teams:
conflict management
In the project environment, conflicts are inevitable. There are many sources of conflict, inconsistent demands, competition for resources, technical opinions, personality and so on.
Differences between members on demand lead to conflicts;
The competition for resources leads to conflicts;
Different personalities lead to conflicts.
Conflict handling order:
First, solve problems by relying on conflicts.
Two. If you can't solve it yourself, you can rely on PM to solve it (5 conflict resolution methods)
Three. If PM can't solve it, you can only find his direct leader to coordinate and solve it.
5 The advantages and disadvantages of conflict resolution are:
Cooperation/problem solving (face to face) Cooperation/problem solving/face to face: directly face the problem and guide all parties to reach an understanding, which is satisfactory to both parties;
Compromise/compromise: Take a step back and both sides will be satisfied to a certain extent. For example, if you go shopping and bargain, you say 100, I say 80, and finally take a step back and make a deal with 90;
Ease/accommodate tactfulness/accommodate: emphasize consistency rather than difference, that is, seek common ground while reserving differences and look for * * * similarity (with * * * similarity);
Avoidance/Avoidance Avoidance/Avoidance: Avoidance from practical problems and conflicts and putting problems aside;
Force/command Force/Direct: use power to force a problem to be solved. (used in general emergencies).
Control resources (physical resources only)
Definition: the process of ensuring that physical resources are allocated to the project as planned, and monitoring the actual use of resources according to the resource use plan and taking necessary corrective measures.
Ensure that the allocated resources can be used for the project at the right time.
Unlike the management team process that focuses on team members, the control resource process focuses on physical resources.