Most of them are wood frame structures. In ancient China, wood frames were used as the load-bearing structure of houses. The wooden beam-column system was initially complete and widely used in the Spring and Autumn Period of BC, and it became more mature in the Han Dynasty. Wood structures can generally be divided into beam-lifting type, bucket-crossing type and well dry type, with beam-lifting type being the most common. Among them, the bucket arch is an important representative of wood structure technology.
Among the technical and artistic features of the bucket arch, the most complex component is the bucket arch, and the simplest combination is the bucket arch, just like a bucket full of rice and a rolled-up chariot. Put the chariot on the bucket, put the chariot on the bucket, put the chariot on the bucket. The structure is the same, but the shape is ever-changing In the Qing Dynasty, more than 30 kinds of bucket arches were listed in the Code for Engineering Practice. Buckets hold buckets, buckets hold buckets, a little away from blooming, so that the palace stretches like a towering tree. If all the walls are torn down, China Building will still stand. The bucket arch extends out layer by layer, expanding the area of the beam, transferring the weight of the big roof down to the pillars, and setting up a wooden building. In fact, by the Qing Dynasty, the building structure had changed, the load-bearing function of beams had been strengthened, and the bucket arch had become more exquisite and beautiful, becoming a part of architectural decoration. It itself has also been painted with magnificent colors, bearing the brilliant beauty of wooden buildings, and the number of bucket arches has also become a symbol of architectural level. The more stories of the bucket arch, the higher the building grade. Modern mechanics thinks that this geometrically variable system with unfixed top and underground roots is untenable, but the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City has stood for more than 300 years. When the earthquake came, it recovered as a whole after shaking like a spring. This is the virtual position of tenon-mortise structure, leaving space for each other. The combination of tenon and mortise is the key to earthquake resistance. This structure is very similar to the modern beam-column frame structure. The joints of the frame are not rigid, which ensures the rigidity coordination of the building. In the event of a strong earthquake, the spatial structure combined with tenon and mortise will "loosen" instead of "fall apart", consuming the energy generated by the earthquake, greatly reducing the seismic load of the whole house and playing an anti-seismic role. Compared with buildings without bucket arches, overhangs of ancient buildings in China have stronger seismic capacity under the same seismic intensity. Bucket arch is the standard component of tenon-mortise combination and the intermediary of force transmission. In the past, people always thought that the bucket arch was a kind of architectural decoration, but the research proved that the bucket arch evenly supported the weight of the eaves and played a role in balance and stability. As a result, the myth of "the wall falls but the house does not fall" was created in China. However, with the continuous development and evolution of wooden frame buildings, the role of the bucket arch gradually weakened, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the bucket arch almost lost its role in supporting the frame and became a simple decorative part in some buildings.
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