According to the shape: Beibi (Shang and Zhou Dynasties. One of the earliest physical currencies in China)
Cloth coins (Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)
Knife coins (Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)
Circular currency (Qin Shihuang unified the monetary system and began to cast circular square hole currency.
"Qin Banliang" has since laid the foundation of China copper coins.
The basis of form, after about two thousand years, has been
The round hole money was not taken away by the mechanism money until the late Qing Dynasty.
Generation. )
In addition: gold ingots, paper money, deerskin coins, mechanism coins and so on.
According to materials: shell, gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, deerskin and paper.
By use: used for circulation (of course, but there are also derivatives.
Other uses) used as a town library to ward off evil spirits. These are not in circulation.
Ancient coins are also called spring, cloth, silk and Kong Fangxiong. Now it has become a new hot spot for investment in collection, and many ancient coins stand out in the auction. The collection and appreciation of ancient coins need to master a lot of knowledge, including currency history, numerology, archaeology, epigraphy and cultural relics, ancient Chinese and so on. Some coins look ordinary, but they are actually treasures. Experts can easily get treasures from sellers who don't know much about the value of ancient coins. Here are some basic knowledge.
First, the ancient coins are cast, and the mold is shaped like a big tree. This method of minting coins is called "cash cow". A large number of coins are of low value. Because the mold is carved by hand, it is inevitable that there will be omissions, and the missed version and trial casting have become treasures.
Secondly, according to the rarity of various coins and the current market situation of coin collection, contemporary numerologists divide ancient coins into ten grades, namely, first-class treasures, second-class pillars, third-class rarities, fourth-class rarities, fifth-class rarities and sixth-class treasures.
Third, the appearance of coins can be summarized into five evaluation criteria: beauty, proximity, beauty, beauty, beauty and beauty. 1 beauty means that the front and back contours of money are complete and clear; Close to beauty means that there are slight deviations or tiny cracks in the front and back outlines of coins, or there are tiny leaks in the paper. At the same time, the tiny adhesion or confusion caused by the wear and tear of casting and use in Qian Wen is also close to beauty; 3, indicating that there are defects and loopholes visible to the naked eye on the front and back of Zheng Qian, but it does not hurt Qian Wen; 4 Near the top, it means that the defects, cracks and holes on the front and back of the coin are obvious, resulting in one or two broken pens in Qian Wen. 5 There is not much collection value.
Fourth, there are many kinds of coins.
1, Bebe, also known as Tooth Shell, is made of brine shells polished and perforated in tropical seawater. It is generally milky white, and the size is basically the same. Beibi began in the Yin Dynasty, when Beibi was a valuable commodity. The use of Northern Currency played an important role in the currency history of China after Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are roughly six kinds of coin shells: coin shells, jujube shells, mink shells, Abend shells, large and small hole shells and back grinding shells.
2. Qin Banliang, also called Er Coin, was cast by Qin Shihuang and was the only coin in the country at that time. Qin half two outer circles are inside, high above, simple and vigorous.
3. One coin, also known as one gold, one hair and one ring coin, is a copper round currency that appeared in the middle of the Warring States Period. This kind of coin is simple to make and easy to carry, which is better than cloth coin, and circular currency will eventually replace cloth coin. There are round holes and square holes in the middle of coins, and those with round holes have no Guo; There are Guo around the square hole. Its weight is about 12g.
Liuquan belongs to the best of Wang Mang's coins in the Western Han Dynasty and is valued by collectors. These six springs are: Koizumi Neichi, Yaoquan 10, Youquan 20, Zhongquan 30, Zhuangquan 40 and Daquan 50. This Zhuangquan and Zhongquan are rare in the world, and the complete set is priceless.
There are five baht in the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, among which the Eastern Han Dynasty is more famous. This money was first cast in the fifth year of Emperor founding ceremony. It has a square round hole with a narrow outline, a diameter of 2.5 cm and a weight of 3.4-3.5 grams. Five baht is lighter and more delicate than Qin Banliang. But long-term circulation, the number is extremely large, so it is worthless.
6. Cloth coins were popular in the Warring States period, and the characters on them were complicated, ranging from one word to four words, exceeding 100. Early cloth coins were mostly used for loading handles, that is, short, heavy cloth, round foot cloth, flat foot cloth, pointed foot cloth, three-hole cloth and other currencies, but the face words were not the same, so there was no difference in versions. Among them, the shape of the three holes is very unique, such as head circle, shoulder circle and foot circle. The head and foot of the cloth each have a hole, so it is called three-hole cloth. Moreover, there are many words that superficially remember Zhao's place name. Later, cloth coins were extended to Qin, Zhou, Jin, Song, Shandong, Yan and other countries.
7. Jin Cuodao is also known as the "wrong knife". The antique knife coins with high face value were cast by Wang Mang in the second year of the Giant Snake. The figure is like a knife, and the ring has deducted a lot of money. It is made of bronze. The blade is cast with three characters of "Ping 5,000", and the ring is inlaid with gold with two characters of "One knife", indicating that the knife can be used as 5,000 yuan.
8. Make money, Ming and Qing copper coins. Because its form, text, weight and color are all customized, it is called making money.
9. Yuanbao, the word "Yuanbao" was first used in the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong. In the Yuan Dynasty, ingots began to circulate in the form of silver ingots, usually with the name of the time and place where the silversmith cast them.
10. Knife coins evolved from fishing and hunting tools in the Spring and Autumn Period. It usually consists of three parts: a long and narrow arc blade, a slotted handle and a ring at the end of the handle. It can be divided into needle knife, pointed knife, flat knife, round knife and flat knife. Qi is the main country that uses knife coins. Qi's knife coins are thick and delicate, and his calligraphy is beautiful. Yan Daobi is thin in shape, wide in body, complicated on the back, and has the word "Ming" on the surface, so it is called Ming Dow. Zhao's knife coin is a straight round head. Nowadays, they are mostly called straight knives and round-headed knives, and there are many fakes.
1 1, the money awarded by Kaiyuan Bao Tong and Tang Gaozu Li Yuan after the abolition of five baht is one or two times heavier, which is the origin of the one or two money system in China's monetary system. His facial official script "Kaiyuan Bao Tong" was written by Ou Yangxun, a calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty, and the font is correct and powerful. The production outline is deep, exquisite and unique, which is very precious. The appearance of Kaiyuan Money announced the end of the two currencies, Banliang and Wuzhu, which have been circulating for more than 800 years since Qin Dynasty, and the word "Bao Tong" was used by successive dynasties.
12. For money, also known as "for money" and "for money", it refers to the relationship between money and money.
13, Zhao Na Ding Xin, with three kinds of coins, copper, silver and gold, was cast by Liu Guangshi in the early Southern Song Dynasty to surrender the rebels. Qian Wen read it around, with the word "teacher" and a note on the back. Because it is not a currency in circulation, it has been handed down very little. This is one of the most precious coins in the world.
5. The older the collection, the higher the value may not be. For example, the price of ordinary commodities today is only 2 to 5 yuan, while the price of coins in Ming Dynasty is generally higher than that in Han Dynasty. For example, Hongzhi Bao Tong and Xuande Bao Tong in Ming Dynasty are all above 10 yuan. Another example is "Jingkang Bao Tong", which is a treasure of the Song Dynasty, and each piece is worth hundreds to thousands of dollars. However, after the fall of Chengdu in the late Ming Dynasty, the price of "Appreciation of the West King" produced by Zhang has reached 50,000 yuan.
According to insiders, with the gradual increase in the price of ancient art, the market price and auction price of ancient coins have also risen. The number of investors participating in this market is also increasing.
The risks and thresholds are extremely high.
"The risk and threshold of coin investment are very high, and it is difficult to get involved without certain funds and professional knowledge." Tu, a coin expert in the Southern Song Dynasty Coin Museum, said that to invest in ancient coins, we must first learn to identify the authenticity of coins.
The market is constantly changing.
Another key point of investing in ancient coins is: market conditions. The price system of the ancient coin market is very complicated. It is difficult for ordinary beginners to master.
In the ancient coin market, the most important factor determining the price is not the year, but the number of such (or even this version) coins.
For example, the "three-hole cloth" coins in the Warring States period are difficult to see in kind because of the few casting lines and small circulation area. After liberation, there were only three coins, so the price of each coin in the coin market was as high as 80 thousand yuan.
In the Warring States period, the market price of another kind of cloth coin-"flat-headed square-foot cloth" was only in 80 yuan, because this kind of cloth coin had a large circulation and a wide circulation range.
In addition, the excavation of coins has a great impact on the market and is difficult to predict. It is understood that the buyers of ancient coins are mostly specialized coin collectors. For pure collectors, one or two coins of the same kind are enough, so the demand for a certain coin in the market is relatively stable for a certain period of time. However, because coins are buried underground and backed by a huge supply warehouse, they will increase at any time due to changes in the unearthed situation, so we must pay close attention to the latest unearthed situation when making monetary investment.
For junior investors, if you haven't chosen the specific type of the first step, you might as well try to start with the silver dollar.
Silver dollar is a modern currency with short circulation time, less loss and good preservation. At present, there are still a large number of people holding it.
There are nearly 50 kinds of silver dollar issuance, which is easy to master comprehensively. Among them, besides a few editions such as Yuan Datou and Sun Yuan, there are many rare editions with great investment value. At present, the purchase price of private silver dollars generally ranges from 50 to 60 yuan, and many rare silver dollars can even be acquired through acquisition. Although the silver dollar is forged, it is not difficult to identify it. It can be identified by listening to sounds, looking at pictures, and distinguishing colors and proportions. The silver dollar itself is a precious metal, and its value is guaranteed. Over the years, they have been slowly rising with the price of gold and silver in the international market. '
Therefore, investing in silver dollars is an ideal choice, which is both safe and reliable, and has certain profit opportunities.
When it comes to gold and silver coin investment, people will immediately think of modern gold and silver commemorative coins issued in recent years. In fact, in addition to modern gold and silver coins, the investment value of gold and silver coins handed down from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China for more than 100 years is also good.
The collection of ancient coins is "very few". Although some ancient coins are very old, due to the large amount of casting and the large number of unearthed coins, the price is not necessarily higher than that of later coins. For example, in the Western Han Dynasty, from Emperor Wudi to Emperor Pingdi, 28 billion pieces of five baht were cast and used for more than 300 years, but the price of ordinary products is very low at present; In the Ming Dynasty, which was 1000 years later than the Han Dynasty, the pricing of coins was generally higher than that of the Han Dynasty. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, "Xuande Bao Tong" and "Hongzhi Bao Tong" were priced at several tens of yuan.
It is reported that in the current ancient coin collection market, "Dazhong Bao Tong" and "Hongwu Bao Tong" in the Hongwu period at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty have become two hot spots. Around the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang successively minted and issued two kinds of coins, "Dazhong Bao Tong" and "Hongwu Bao Tong", according to the economic, military and political needs. Bao Tong is divided into 15 grades: Xiaoping, Dui 2, Dui 3, Dui 5, Dui 15, and the reverse order is "one", "two", "three", "five" and "ten" respectively. The pattern of "Hongwu Bao Tong" follows the system of "large, medium and Bao Tong", and it is also divided into Xiaoping, Discount 2, Discount 3, Discount 5 and Dang 10.
Hongwu Bao Tong can be collected in series, which is characterized by casting a word "Fu" on the back, ranging from the smallest "One Fu" to the largest "Ten Fu" according to the face value ratio, and has high collection and ornamental research value. The value of "Hongwu Bao Tong" increased rapidly. A few years ago, Er Fu's "Hongwu Bao Tong" was around 200 yuan, but now it has risen to 1000- 1500 yuan.
The price of modern coin collection has hit record highs.
According to the reporter, there are many kinds of gold and silver coins in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, such as "Yuan Datou". Their prices range from one hundred yuan to one million yuan, with high, medium and low grades, from which all kinds of people can find their own collections.
The reporter saw Yuan Datou in different periods in a Mr Ren's home, two of which were "the first year of the Republic of China" and "the third year of the Republic of China". Ren said that at present, his two "Yuan Datou" have been offered to 400 yuan, but he refused. He told reporters that the traditional old silver coins with moderate price and good appearance have also seen a new wave of market in recent years. For example, in the spring auction of Jingchengxuan in 2007, a three-year-old Xuan Tong Daqing silver coin and a one-dollar Yang Long counterfeit sample coin were sold for 6.5438+0.87 million yuan. The performance of low-grade old silver coins is also excellent. In recent years, the prices of Yuan Datou and Sun Xiaotou have inadvertently increased from 50 yuan to 180 yuan.
Modern gold and silver coins are like a blooming flower, full of fragrance; The traditional old silver coin is more like a pot of old wine, which smells charming. As a coin collector, when participating in the investment of modern gold and silver coins, we should also pay attention to the gold and silver coins in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and truly become an expert in collecting and investing new gold and old silver.