(1) AAA type: that is, the prototype, past tense and past participle are the same.
Broadcast (broadcast)-broadcast/broadcast-broadcast/broadcast,
Burst (burst, sudden attack)-burst, cast (scatter, throw, throw)-cast-cast,
Cost (expense)-cost, cut (cut, cut, cut)-cut,
Hit (hit, hit)-hit-hit, hurt (hurt, hurt)-hurt-hurt,
Let (let)-let, let (let, swing)-let-let,
Read (read, read aloud)-read, set (set, release)-set,
Close (close, close)-close, split (cut, tear)-split,
Spread-spread-spread
Note: the pronunciation of read-read-read is [ri: d]-[red]-[red] respectively, and the pronunciation of other verbs is the same.
(2) ABA type: that is, the past participle of the verb is the same as the original form.
Become (become, become)-become-become, come (come, come)-come-come,
Run (run, disappear)-run-run, come-overcome-come.
ABB type: that is, the past tense of the verb is the same as the past participle.
1, the suffix letter -d is changed to-T. For example:
Bend (bend)-bend-bend, building (building)-building-building,
Borrow-borrow-borrow, send (send, send, post)-send,
Spent (spent, spent)-spent-spent.
2. The last letter of the prototype is changed to T. For example:
Lost (lost)-lost-lost,
Smell (smell, smell, smell)-smell \ smell \ smell,
Spell/spell/spell,
Add a letter t after the prototype. For example:
Combustion (combustion, fire)-combustion/combustion-combustion/combustion,
Dream-dream-dream-dream,
Learn (learn)-learn-learn,
It means (meaning, meaning)-meaning-meaning.
4. The double E in the prototype becomes a single E ... for example:
Bleeding (bleeding)-bleeding-bleeding, feeding (feeding)-feeding-feeding,
Meet (meet, see)-meet-meet,
Speed (fast forward, fast run)-speed/speed-speed/speed.
5. remove the letter e of ee in the prototype, and then add a t at the end of the word. For example:
Feel-feel-feel, keep-keep-keep,
Sleep-sleep-sleep, clean-clean,
Cry (cry)-cry-cry
6. Verbs whose past tense and past participle both end in-any or-should. For example:
Catch up)- catch-catch, Teach-teach;
Bring (bring, bring, take away)-bring-bring, buy-buy-buy,
Fight (fight)-seek-seek, seek (seek)-soul-soul,
Think (think, think, think)-think-think.
Note: The letter A in the prototype is -aught, and the others are -ought.
7. Verbs ending in -ay change -ay become -aid use past tense and past participle. For example:
Lay (shelve)-lay-lay, pay (pay, reward)-pay-pay, say-say-say.
8. The letter I in the prototype is changed to O, for example:
Win-win-win, shine (shine, shine, polish)-shine/shine-shine/shine.
9. the letter I in the prototype is changed to a, for example:
Sit-sit-sit, spit-spit-spit.
10, an in the prototype becomes oo. For example:
Misunderstanding (misunderstanding, not understanding)-misunderstanding-misunderstanding,
Stand (stand, endure, sit)-stand-stand,
Understand (understand, understand, understand)-understand-understand.
1 1, and -ell in the prototype becomes -old. For example:
Repeat (repeat, repeat)-repeat-repeat, sell (sell, sell)-sell-sell,
Tell (tell, tell, tell)-tell-tell.
12, the vowel letter in the middle of the prototype becomes U. For example:
Dig (dig, dig)-dig-dig, stick (stick, stick)-stick,
Hang (hang, hang)-hang-hang, swing (swing, dance)-swing-swing,
13, other changes. For example:
Find (find, find)-find, escape (escape)-escape-escape,
Get (become, get, arrive)-get-get, have (have, eat, drink, continue)-have,
Hear (hear, know, hear)-hear, hold (hold, hold)-hold-hold,
Leadership (leadership)-leadership-leadership, leaving (leaving, leaving, leaving)-left-left,
Ignite, ignite, manufacture, manufacture, manufacture,
Pat-pat-pat, slide-slide,
Strike (strike, strike fire)-strike/strike, win (win, win)-win-win,
Winding (winding, winding, bending)-winding-winding.
(4) ABC type: that is, the prototype, past tense and past participle are different.
1, the prototype contains the letter I, which becomes a in the past tense and u in the past participle. For example:
Start (start)-start-start, drink (drink, drink)-drink-get drunk,
Ring (ring, call)-ring-ring, sing (sing)-sang-sang,
Sinking (sinking, depressed)-sinking-sinking, swimming (swimming)-swimming-swimming
2. Verbs ending in the letter ow or aw become ew in the past tense, and the past participle is added with -n after the prototype. For example:
Blow (blow, blow, blow)-blow, grow (grow, plant, become)-grow,
Know (know, know, understand)-know-know, throw (throw, throw, throw)-throw-throw,
Draw (draw, drag, pull)-draw-draw
Note: for easy memory, we also include fly-fly-fly here.
3, prototype -ear, past tense -ore, past participle -orn. For example:
Bear (bear, bear, bear)-birth/birth,
Tear (tear, tear)-tear-tear, wear (wear, wear)-wear-wear,
4. The past participle was to add -n or -en at the end of the original word. For example:
Rise (rise, appear)-rise-rise, yes (yes)-yes/used to be-yes,
Beat (beat, beat, win)-beat, drive (drive, drive-drive,
Eat (eat)-eat, fall (fall, fall)-fall-fall,
Forsee -Forsaw-forsee, forgive-forgive,
Give (give, give, pass)-give, take (mistake, confuse)-admit mistakes-admit mistakes,
Rise (rise)-rise-rise, see (see, understand, meet)-see-see,
Sew (sew)-sew-sew/sew, shake (shake, shake)-shake-shake,
Shave (shave)-shave-shave/shave, display (display, display)-display-display/display,
Now-now-now/now, take (take, spend, take, ride) -take-take,
Special: bite-bite, forbidden-forbidden,
Hide-hide-rewrite-rewrite,
Ride (ride, ride)-ride-ride, write (write, write)-write-write,
5. The past participle is -n or -en after the past tense. For example:
Wake up-wake up-wake up, heartbroken,
Select-select-select, freeze-freeze,
Say (say, say, say)-say-say, forget-forget-forget,
Steal-steal-steal, wake up-wake up-wake up.
6. Other verbs in different forms. For example:
Do (do, do)-do-do, go (go, arrive)-go-go,
Lying down (lying down, lying flat, positioning)-lying down, rewinding (rewinding, rewinding)-rewinding-rewinding.
(5) Verbs without past participles
Can (can, will)-may, may (can, may)-may.
Must, must, should, will.