In 2008, the e-commerce market in China continued the high-speed value-added momentum of e-commerce in 2007 in the early stage, but the growth of transaction volume slowed down in the later stage due to the global financial crisis and development bottleneck. But overall, the development of e-commerce market in China is still progressing steadily. In 2008, the transaction volume of e-commerce market in China reached 2.4 trillion yuan, up 4 1.2% year-on-year, among which B2B market is still the main part of the total transaction volume, C2C basically maintains the status quo, and B2C will develop at a faster speed.
In 2008, China's e-commerce market has made some achievements in expanding the sources of funds and the construction of supporting systems, and it will inevitably face the impact of the global financial crisis. However, with the wider and deeper integration of e-commerce and industry development in China, making full use of B2C means of e-commerce has become an important choice for enterprises in China to survive the economic winter. Therefore, in 2008, investment institutions paid more attention to the e-commerce market in China, and both the number of investment cases and the amount of investment in B2C industry showed a trend of rapid appreciation.
In 2008, the government strengthened the guiding investment in the field of e-commerce to improve the investment environment of China e-commerce market. The government has introduced a large amount of funds into the development of e-commerce through policies such as returning investment income to social investors and supporting social investment to buy back shares held by the government. At the end of 2008, the key project "Zhengjia.com" of the 11th Five-Year Science and Technology Support Plan was officially opened in Guangzhou, which fully showed that the state's support for the development of e-commerce reached a new height, and the funding problem of market development was gradually alleviated.
Future development trend
With the increasing number of netizens in China, the consumption patterns of online shopping and bank card payment are gradually popularized, and the market share is also growing rapidly. E-commerce has gradually become a hot topic in the industry, and related e-commerce websites have emerged one after another. In 2009, the e-commerce market in China can be described as both opportunities and challenges. The full cooperation between the government and enterprises is the basis for seizing the opportunities and winning the challenges. On this basis, China's e-commerce market may gradually approach that of developed countries.
Seeing that the online shopping market is expanding, some search websites are aiming at the B2C market. At the same time, more and more traditional dealers began to cut into the field of B2C e-commerce and expand online retail business. National chains such as Suning, Gome, Dixintong and Guangzhou Department Store in Guangzhou have also opened their own B2C websites, and more and more B2C manufacturers are ready to enter the vertical market segment. The demand for new channels gave birth to a new round of rapid rise of B2C market after being surpassed by C2C market.
B2C is one of the few industries in China that can still flourish in the face of the financial crisis. However, even without the global financial crisis in 2008, B2C e-commerce industry will still make great strides in 2009, and the impact of the financial crisis will only accelerate the development of B2C industry in China.
In the next few years, the growth rate of C2C will slow down, and the growth rate of B2C market will catch up with C2C. It is predicted that from 2009, the B2C market will grow rapidly and its market share will gradually increase, which is expected to become a new growth point in the e-commerce industry.
It is estimated that the compound growth rate of B2C market in China will reach 4 1% in the next three years, and the transaction volume of B2C e-commerce market in China is expected to reach 498.2 billion yuan in 201year.
After the mid-1990s, the Internet began to be commercialized, resulting in e-commerce in the modern sense. The wide application of e-commerce in international trade has caused a series of changes in international trade and played a positive role in promoting it.
1. The operation mode and environment of international trade have changed greatly. Online ordering, online promotion and online negotiation have all opened up a new development situation for international trade. EDI project is a combination of information technology and social service system. Both importers and exporters use electronic forms for customs declaration, commodity inspection, insurance, transportation and foreign exchange settlement, which greatly reduces the consumption of manpower, material resources and time, reduces the circulation cost and transaction cost, and accelerates the pace of international trade. This online information exchange has opened up a brand-new market space, broken through the premise that the traditional market must exist in a certain region, and the world has become a unified "market" linked by information networks, which has promoted the formation of the globalization and marketization of the world economy. The global accelerated flow of production factors such as goods and technology brought by information flow has led to the rise of the global "network economy". Under this internet trade environment, the economic and trade ties and cooperation between countries have been greatly strengthened.
2. Major changes have taken place in the main body of international trade. Modern information and communication technology can complete the market function that a company cannot undertake through the core technology owned by a single company in their respective professional fields and the company network composed of multiple companies, and can provide goods and services to the market more effectively. This new form of enterprise organization does not have the power to force companies to connect with each other in capital relations, but it seems to have some materiality because it undertakes certain information functions.
3. The management mode of international trade has changed greatly. E-commerce system with computer network information technology as the core uses information technology to transform traditional trade, provide a market environment with complete information for international trade, realize the optimal allocation of cross-border resources and production factors, and make the market mechanism play a more effective role. This way breaks through the traditional one-way logistics operation mode and realizes a brand-new strategy of highly unified logistics, information flow and business flow. This business strategy integrates many traditional trade modes, such as agency, exhibition, sales, etc., and introduces all the main processes needed for import and export goods, such as market research, international marketing, warehousing and customs declaration, and commodity inspection, into the computer network, providing manufacturers and traders all over the world with all-round, multi-level and multi-angle interactive business services, lifting the material, time and space restrictions of both parties in traditional trade activities and promoting the deepening development of international trade.
4. The intermediate organizational structure of international trade triggered a revolution. The direct contact between producers, users and consumers through the Internet enables the just-in-time supply system and "zero-inventory" production to be realized, the flow of goods is smoother, and the information network becomes the largest middleman. The traditional way of using importers and exporters as the medium of buying and selling goods between countries in international trade has been challenged, the principal-agent relationship and model formed by information asymmetry have been shaken, and the status of trade intermediaries, agents and professional import and export companies has been relatively reduced, thus triggering a revolution in the intermediate organizational structure of international trade.
5. It has a positive impact on foreign trade companies and production enterprises.
E-commerce network has the following advantages: (1) advertising function. There are web pages introducing products and companies, databases of international trade information and advertisements soliciting product agents on the Internet, so as to show the strength of companies and enterprises, expand their popularity, and find the best international division partners, which is convenient for the emergence of international famous brand effect, the development of overseas markets and the improvement of international competitiveness. (2) Intellectual function. Through various online services on the Internet, we can know the latest information of customers and the trends of other companies, track the changes of international market and foreign industrial policies, grasp the latest market trends, clarify the development trend of the international economy, collect customer demand information and feedback on products, and improve the after-sales service system. (3) commercial function. The emerging e-commerce system is developing from a business information delivery institution that provides information services to a comprehensive institution that provides business and information services and organizes multi-functional transactions. For example, CCEC information network of China Commodity Exchange Center is completed by information release subsystem and transaction delivery subsystem.
6. Promote the expansion and deepening of international division of labor and the growth of internal trade of multinational corporations. The development of information network technology has promoted the horizontal international division of labor among developed countries. On the Internet, the dispatching control of production factors such as raw materials, capital and technicians can be carried out, so that the parent company and subsidiaries of multinational corporations can give full play to their respective advantages through the network, and their respective advantages in production capacity, resources and talents can promote the development of international division of labor within multinational corporations. The "virtual reality" technology on the Internet enables companies and enterprises all over the world to conduct intuitive production and coordination, making the development of productive forces increasingly transcend national boundaries and forming the internationalization of production. The expansion and deepening of international division of labor has led to the rapid flow of finished products and semi-finished products between countries and regions, which has led to the growth of international trade.
7. Promote the development of world technology trade. The upgrading of modern industrial products is accelerated, the life cycle of products is shortened, and the scientific and technological content of finished products is improved. In the increasingly competitive international market, the popularization and development of information technology have contributed to this. As soon as any new scientific and technological achievements appear, they will become "household names" and become the goal of catching up with the same industry. Information technology is widely used in product development and production, which increases the trade volume of related products and international trade volume.
8. Promote the expansion of world trade in services. Modern information technology has broken through the limitation of time and space, and service trade providers can provide international services to customers in other countries without going abroad. At the same time, a company can undertake business from different countries at the same time without leaving home, without worrying about international travel expenses and schedule. For example, in the fields of consulting personnel training, new product development, industrial design, medical diagnosis and so on, the expansion of this service demand has promoted the rapid development of international trade and promoted the upgrading and softening of the commodity structure of international trade.
In addition, for auxiliary trade and customs departments, e-commerce can promote international trade in a more indirect way. In recent years, the momentum of using electronic information systems to promote international trade is growing. In fact, due to the delay in border operations, complicated and unnecessary documents and trade procedures required by the government, the losses caused by not realizing automatic processing sometimes exceed customs duties and other major expenses. EDI and Internet can easily solve this problem by providing communication networks among traders, enterprises and government agencies.