The 777 models that have been put into operation can be summarized as follows-
B777-200: Basic type
B777-200ER≈B777-200 basic type+increase fuel tank+increase engine thrust.
B777-300≈B777-200ER+ Extended fuselage
B777-200LR≈B777-200ER+ bevel winglet+further increase engine thrust+further increase fuel tank+optional additional oil cylinder for warehouse.
B777F≈B777-200LR+ Cancel the optional additional oil cylinder in the warehouse.
B777-300ER≈B777-200LR+ lengthen the fuselage+cancel the optional additional oil cylinder in the warehouse. Before developing the 777-200 model, Boeing had proposed the B777- 100 model, which was shorter than the -200 model, with a longer range and a capacity of 250 passengers, but it was the same as the 700 model because its operating cost was similar to that of the -200 model. B777-200 belongs to the A-type market and is the first model in the 777 family. It was released in 1990, and has four boarding gates on each side, using Pratt & Whitney PW4000, GE GE90 or Rolls-Royce Trent 800 engines, with a thrust of over 74,000 pounds and a maximum takeoff weight ranging from 505,000 pounds to 545,000 pounds.
The first Boeing 777-200 made its first flight in June 1994, and obtained the airworthiness certificate on April 19, 1995, and delivered it to the first customer, United Airlines, after obtaining the double-engine extension certificate of 180 minutes in May. Because Boeing 777 is designed with computer stereo CAD drawing technology and does not need a prototype, all 777s are mass-produced, and the first Yun -200 model produced was delivered to Cathay Pacific in 2000. Until May of 20 14, Boeing * * * delivered 88 B777-200. The direct competitor of B777-200 is A330-300. Boeing 777-200ER (extended range), also known as -200IGW (increased gross weight), belongs to the B-type market, which mainly increases the fuel tank capacity and maximum take-off weight to 580,000 -63 1 1,000 pounds and the range to14,260 kilometers. The airworthiness certificate for the first Boeing 777-200ER was obtained in 1997 17 10 and delivered to British Airways on February 6, 1997.
The first B777-200ER was delivered with a GE90-85B engine with a thrust of 84,000 lbs. In addition, airlines can also choose GE90-94B with a thrust of 94,000, PW4090 with a thrust of 90,000, Rolls-Royce Trent 895 and other engines. -200LR and -300ER do not have Trent 800 series engines. Trent 800 series accounts for 43% of the B777 engine market.
1In March 1997, China Southern Airlines was the first airline to use Boeing 777 to cross the Pacific Ocean, and its scheduled flight route was Guangzhou-Los Angeles. 1On April 2, 997, the flight distance of a Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777-200ER with registration number of 9M-MRA broke the world record. The flight departs from Boeing Airport in Seattle and flies eastward to Kuala Lumpur. It takes 2 1: 23 minutes to fly 20044 kilometers (10823 nautical miles). On March 7, 2003, a United Airlines -200ER single engine with 255 passengers successfully flew over the Pacific Ocean 177 minutes. Until May of 20 14, Boeing * * * delivered the 422 -200ER aircraft. The direct competitors of B777-200ER are A340-300 and A350-900. The name of Boeing 777-200LR is 777- 100X. Its performance is similar to that of Boeing 747SP, and it is changed into a more advanced engine with greater thrust and shorter fuselage, so the weight saved can be replaced by fuel to increase the range, which belongs to the C-type market. Because the passenger capacity is small, but the operating cost is similar to that of -200, the per capita operating cost is relatively high, which is not welcomed by airlines and forced to change back to the same fuselage as -200. Boeing 777-200LR (Longer Range) became the longest passenger plane in the world when it was put into use in 2006, so Boeing named it "Worldliner" to highlight its performance. Nevertheless, Boeing 777-200LR is still limited by ETOPS. -200LR voyage17,501.4km (9450 nautical miles), continuous flight 18 hours. The -300ER developed at the same time as the -200LR also adopts GE engine GE90-110b1thrust10000 LBF, and the -300ER can also choose Ge90-1.
Rolls-Royce originally provided Trent8 104 engine thrust of 104,000 to11000 lbf. However, due to Rolls-Royce's disagreement with Boeing's adventure plan, Boeing finally reached an agreement with Rolls-Royce to specify engines of -200LR and -300ER.
The change of 777-200LR is mainly to increase the take-off weight and cylinder capacity, the wingspan is increased by 3.9 meters, and a reinforced landing gear is adopted. The first one left the factory on February 15, 2005 and made its first flight on March 8, 2005. The second prototype made its first flight on May 24th, obtained the airworthiness certificate on February 2nd, 2006, and was delivered to Pakistan International Airlines on February 27th, 2006. June 2006165438+1October 10, a -200LR flew from Hong Kong to London, flying 2 160 1 km in 22 hours and 42 minutes, breaking the world record of non-stop flight of commercial passenger aircraft. Until May of 20 14, Boeing * * * delivered 58 -200LR. The direct competitor of Boeing 777-200LR is A340-500HGW, the planned A350-900R, and the planned voyage is 9500 nautical miles (17600km). Later, B777-300ER (extended range, also called 77W) also belongs to the B-type market. It uses GE90- 1 15B engine, and there are five boarding gates on both sides of the fuselage. The fuselage, wing, tail wing, nose landing gear and engine pod have all been modified to increase the fuel tank capacity, with the maximum takeoff weight reaching 775. The range of the -300ER has increased by 3,550 kilometers, which is not only due to the simple increase of fuel tank capacity, but also due to the adoption of a more fuel-efficient engine. The empty weight of -300 and -300ER is about 360,000 Jin, and the passenger capacity and cargo capacity are similar. However, due to their higher takeoff weight, er can carry more fuel, which increases its range by about 34%. If you don't increase the fuel tank of -300ER, its range is still about 25% more than that of -300. Under the maximum load, -300 can only fill 60% of the fuel tanks at most, while -300ER can fill all the fuel tanks. Boeing 777-300ER once conducted the flight test of ETOPS in the Pacific Ocean, and the longest single-engine flight lasted 6 hours and 29 minutes.
B777-300ER was developed by Air France, but Air France did not become the first airline to use -300ER. The first model -300ER left the factory on June 2002 1 14, and made its first flight on February 24, 2003. It obtained the airworthiness certificate on March 6, 2004, and delivered it to its first customer, Air France, on April 29. Japan Airlines is the second customer of -300ER.
Since Boeing introduced the -300ER, most customers have changed their orders to -300ER, and many customers have changed their orders to replace the aging B747-400, such as Air New Zealand and China International Airlines. The passenger capacity of B777-300ER is 365, which is comparable to that of B747-400. Compared with B747-400, the average fuel consumption is 20% less, the maintenance cost is 40% less, and the cargo hold is 37.5% larger. In order to continue to attract passengers, operators apply all the facilities on the 747-400 to the -300ER, such as setting up business class and first class, but at the cost of only reducing the number of seats in economy class. The direct competitors of B777-300ER are A340-600 and planned A350- 1000. By May of 20 14, Boeing * * * had delivered 485 B777-300ER aircraft, and 236 aircraft were still not delivered. Some customers regard the 777 as a transitional model, waiting for the delivery of Boeing 787. In order to replace the old 747-400F and the discontinued MD-1F, a Boeing 7777F all-cargo plane was developed on the basis of B777-200LR, and GeGe90-10b1was adopted. B777F was launched on May 23rd, 2005. The first customer was KLM ordered in 2005, and the first aircraft was delivered in 2009. Until May of 20 14, Boeing * * * delivered 9 1 B777-200LRF, and there were still 43 undelivered.
In order to increase the cargo carrying capacity, B777F gave up the extra fuselage cylinder, so the full-load range is only 9065 km, but it can carry 103 tons and the no-load range 16668KM, which is similar to that of B747-400F, which can carry12 tons. In 2006, FedEx cancelled the order for A380-800F, and changed the order to deliver B777F faster, with the option of * * * ordering 15 B777F plus 15. The first B777F left Everett Factory at 5438+0 on May 26th, 2008 and made its first flight at 5438+0 on July 6th, 2004. Airbus has no similar model to compete with B777F. The cargo capacity of A330-200F is less than B777F, while the cargo capacity of A350-900F under development is only 90 tons. As of August 2008, the order for B777F * * was 75. According to Aviation Weekly, it is expected that Boeing's board of directors will decide whether to authorize Boeing Commercial Aircraft Division to provide Boeing 777X, a derivative of Boeing 777, to airlines as early as April 20 13. If the resolution is passed, Boeing will start a six-year research and development work, and the aircraft is finally planned to be put into operation in 20 19. It is understood that these two new models are 777-8X, which is about the same size as 777-300ER, and 777-9X, which is 400 seats larger. Lufthansa will probably become the starting user of Boeing 777X project. Lufthansa has never ordered Boeing 777 series aircraft before, but on March 14, 2065438, Swissair, a subsidiary of Lufthansa Group, ordered six Boeing 777-300ER to replace Airbus A340-300. Boeing 777X may be selected by Lufthansa as the main model of its medium-sized long-range fleet in the future.
Among the existing Boeing 777 series models, except for the later 777-200LR/300ER which only uses GE90 engine, all other models have Rolls-Royce Trent 800 engine and Pratt & Whitney PW4000 engine to choose from. 1999, Boeing and GE reached a risk cooperation agreement, taking GE90 as its only suitable engine. Boeing may choose GE9X as the engine of the next generation 777X according to a similar risk cooperation agreement. Boeing once considered matching RB3025 engine of rolls royce, so that airline users can enjoy the choice of engine and gain a competitive advantage.
GE company is making great efforts to carry out technical demonstration to ensure that the engine will complete airworthiness certification in 20 18 and put into operation in 20 19. According to the published plan, GE expects to test the first GE9X engine core engine as early as 20 14, and plans to complete the engine design in 20 15 and conduct the engine test in 20 16. According to the schedule, the engine will be tested on GE's 747-400 flight test platform in 20 17, and the airworthiness certification will be obtained in 20 18. Rolls-Royce's RB3025 engine has a thrust of 654.38+100000 pounds, and adopts the traditional three-axis design of Rolls-Royce, with a total pressure ratio as high as 62∶ 1 and a bypass ratio of 12∶ 1.
Some data sources of main models
On 201165438+1October 17, Boeing announced the launch of the 777X project at Dubai Air Show on 20 13, and received 259 orders and commitments, including 34 Lufthansa, 25 Etihad Airways and 50 Qatar Airways. According to the catalogue price, the total value of these planes exceeds 95 billion dollars.