After the founding of New China, the Portuguese government has not yet established diplomatic relations with China. From the mainland to Macao, passing through Gongbei Customs, there is a memorial archway building, which is the famous Guanzha.
The ancient pass was built by the China government in the Ming Dynasty to limit the further expansion of Australia and Portugal to the north. Only six times a month, the purpose is to export food from the mainland to Macao, but there are six letters on weekdays.
After the founding of New China, due to historical reasons, Macao was still managed by Portuguese colonists for the time being. At the gate, there are sentries in China and Australia: there are four or five sentries in Macao and four or five in Huajie. 1952 July 15, a small incident almost caused a disaster, which triggered a Sino-Portuguese war. This is the famous closing event.
The PLA stationed in Gongbei at that time was Ye Jianying, commander of the South China Military Region. Many soldiers who have just changed shifts have never seen foreigners. Some of the Portuguese soldiers stationed at Guanzha are black people of the African Corps, who are only a few tens of meters away from the post of the People's Liberation Army sentry post.
One day, a Portuguese black soldier was suddenly in a hurry. He unbuttoned his pants outside the gunhouse and began to pee everywhere. The two PLA sentries had never seen a black man urinate, so they couldn't help laughing. Black soldiers saw the PLA laughing and thought it was intended to make fun of them, so they went on the rampage with guns. He kept cursing, and the People's Liberation Army here was also a black face. Although they didn't understand the language, they all saw unfriendly faces on both sides. As a result, the black sentry became more and more angry and picked up the rifle and slammed it. Two PLA soldiers rushed back and threw grenades as a warning. Subsequently, the two sides reported to their respective superiors and were suddenly attacked, requesting reinforcements. Finally, the two sides actually fought with field guns and heavy machine guns. Which Portuguese army is the opponent of the battle-hardened People's Liberation Army?
After several rounds, there were heavy casualties. After the conflict broke out, the PLA troops blocked the border, and the daily supply of grain, oil and non-staple food obtained by Macao from the mainland was soon in short supply, and the land traffic was immediately interrupted.
As soon as the customs clearance, Macao became a dead city, and the food, water, vegetables and other materials needed by the people became a big problem.
For a time, Macao residents were terrified and rumors were flying all over the sky. Some said that * * * deployed a division of troops and set up a cannon on the north side of Guanzha; Some people say that China blocked Macau, and there was no water to drink. Australian Governor Shi Bo Tai felt the seriousness of the matter, and quickly called the economic director Bao Wei to inform Nanguang Company, which was in contact with China. Who knows, the other party replied that the person in charge of the company went to Guangzhou for a meeting and could not be contacted.
The Governor of Australia thought for a moment and said to Bao Bao, "You should contact the people of the Chamber of Commerce immediately and ask them to send a message to China, saying that the Macao government has no intention of expanding the situation and hopes that China will exercise restraint."
Late at night, Bao found Ma Wanqi, president of the Macao Chamber of Commerce, and told him what the Governor of Macao meant, hoping that he would contact China and seek a solution. That night, Ma Wanqi called Guangzhou and reported the news of Macau to Rao Zhangfeng, director of the United Front Work Department of Central South Branch.
While Macau was nervously looking for contact with China, Ye Jianying and others were nervously meeting in the conference room of South China Branch, No.30 Meihua Village, Guangzhou. Everyone was very excited at the meeting. Some people advocate simply deploying a division of troops, causing the situation in Enemy at the Gates and demonstrating to the Macao government. Some people also advocate simply blocking the border, not transporting food and non-staple food, and imposing economic sanctions on it. Ye Jianying hasn't commented, just listened carefully to everyone's speech.
Participants discussed for a while, only to find that the secretary never said anything, so he stopped and focused on Ye Jianying. At this time, Ye Jianying said unhurriedly: "The new China was founded, and western imperialism bears a grudge against us and imposed heavy blockades in an attempt to hold us back and suppress us.
Everyone is full of anger, and it is understandable to have emotions. Besides, this time it was Australia and Portugal that provoked them first, and everyone proposed to punish them, which makes sense! But Ye Jianying paused and changed the subject: "But we should also see that Portugal is different from those imperialists who still dominate the world.
Chairman Mao said that when dealing with relations with these countries, we should treat them differently. Big countries should be strict and small countries should be broad. We should unite with all those who can unite as much as possible in order to concentrate on dealing with the main enemy. Most residents of Macao are our compatriots, and it is our compatriots who suffer from closed doors and sanctions! We should handle this lock-down carefully. ""how to deal with it? " Someone asked. Ye Jianying took a sip of his tea and continued: "I think this is only a local incident, and there is no need to make a big fight. "
At this time, the United front minister RaoZhangFeng hurried into the meeting room, attached to Ye Jianying ear whispered for a while, Ye Jianying nodded, and then said to you:
"Just now, Mr. Ma Wanqi from the Macao Chamber of Commerce called and said that the Macao authorities hoped that the two sides could contact and discuss ways to solve the incident. I think we can send someone to talk to them. At present, China and Portugal have not established diplomatic relations, so it is not appropriate to have direct contact with the Macao authorities. You can ask them to designate two non-governmental representatives to talk to us. "
Finally, the meeting decided to send Huang Shimin, deputy secretary of the Hong Kong and Macao Working Committee, and Cao Ruoming, director of the Provincial Foreign Affairs Office, to Macao to make representations. At this meeting, we discussed and put forward three negotiation conditions: first, the Macao authorities must ensure that such incidents will not happen again; The second is to make a formal written apology for the closing incident; The third is to compensate for the losses.
In the evening, Cao and Huawei went to the city. Early the next morning, they came to Gongbei Gate from Shi Qi. Ke Zhengping, general manager of Nanguang Company, returned to Macau one day earlier than them. Knowing that Huang Shimin and Cao Ruoming had arrived, they drove to Gongbei again. After consultation, Ke Zhengping informed the Governor of Macau to send someone to negotiate. After hearing this, Bao Bao thought of the most suitable candidate, besides Ma Wanqi, there is also He Xian, chairman of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce in Macau, who is known as the "King of Macau". He Xian was getting ready for bed when he got a call from Bao Bao.
Yesterday, he learned the whole story of the locking incident, and he also heard Ma Wanqi say that he was asking for consultation. So, he said on the phone: "What is the attitude of the government now?" Envelope talked about the Australian governor's opinion on the phone and said:
"Negotiations only seek not to expand the situation, only to avoid the responsibility of the incident, and there is no question of who is right or wrong."
Hearing this, He Xian couldn't help crying; "Hey, bosses, it didn't have to talk about. How can I talk if you don't say a good word when you meet someone? " Envelope also know that it is difficult to prevaricate in the past, so we have to say to He Xian:
"I can't decide, you can help me solve it! To tell the truth, every time you encounter difficulties, you should cheer your brothers out. Anyway, you have solved the problem, haven't you? " He Xian influenced by soft, can't help envelope to persuade again and again, embarrassed to dispute, so we have to promise to try.
However, he finally added: "No matter how big my face is in He Xian, it depends on whether the help is reasonable. No meaning, no face. I can't be an ugly person! " Early the next morning, He Xian and Ma Wanqi arrived at Gongbei Gate together.
The two sides started negotiations as soon as they met at the customs. Because He Xian's message from Australia was far from the Chinese request, the talks failed to go further, and Mr. and Mrs. He Xian were pushed back.
In the afternoon, He Xian and Ma Wanqi had to return to Macau. He Xian came home at eight o'clock in the evening and forgot to eat. He immediately called Bao Bao and conveyed China's attitude and demands. Envelope immediately told He Xian's words to Australian Governor Shi Bo Tai. However, Shi Bo Thai only promised that similar incidents would not happen again, and the other two did not promise.
Envelope also conveyed the meaning of Macao Governor to He Xian. Before he could say anything nice about asking for help again, He Xian said, "I agreed to go again for the sake of hundreds of thousands of Macao residents.
You don't have to mention us, but you should persuade the Australian governor to change his attitude as soon as possible. "
He Xian also said that he and Ma Wanqi would meet the Australian Governor personally. In the Australian Governor's Office, He Xian relayed China's views, and then persuaded Shi: "In fact, China has made considerable concessions.
They want to trap Macao, it's just a piece of cake.
If you are really stuck at this point, you have to promise anything others ask, and then you will lose face! Let's meet each other halfway. Both sides are frank and your attitude has eased. In my opinion, this is the solution to the current difficulties. "
Australian Governor Shi Bo Ty listened to He Xian and was silent for a long time. Finally, he said, "Let me think about it and give you an answer tomorrow morning." The next morning, Bao called and said that the Australian governor had agreed to all the conditions put forward by the Chinese side. He Xian and Ma Wanqi set out for Gongbei Gate.
Many years later, He Xian recalled this history and said:
"I have been to the mainland for exchanges, 20 times, two or three times a day ... At that time, the two countries had no diplomatic relations, and we were caught in the middle, unable to show who to ask for help. We come from China, but we represent the Portuguese government. What can we do? Only two ends are good! "
On this day, the negotiation finally succeeded.
Macao authorities formally submitted a letter of apology to China. The work stoppage, which was delayed for one month, was finally settled peacefully.