Since informatization is so important, the success of informatization construction becomes very critical. The Ministry of Information Industry and relevant departments have invested a lot of energy in informatization construction and formulated a set of effective methods. For example, the supervision mechanism has been introduced in the construction of information network system, a large number of third-party testing institutions have emerged, and IT audit has also made great progress. The introduction of these mechanisms has made indelible contributions to the standardization of information construction.
The construction of information network system needs planning and design.
Many information network system construction units do not have much knowledge and technology about information network systems, and there is no separate information department. Even if there is an information department, most of them are engaged in the maintenance of some equipment and systems, and it is impossible to plan and design the construction of new systems. Therefore, before the construction of information network system, it is necessary to invite powerful consulting units to conduct feasibility analysis and put forward reasonable suggestions on the scale and degree of system construction.
The construction of information network system needs to follow the investment principle, that is, the cost performance of investment needs to meet the current business needs and future business development needs of the unit, while ensuring the rationality of investment. The construction of information network system is not a decoration project, and the information network system should produce benefits, not just for the sake of face. Many units are not aware of this. In the process of information network system construction, it is often the leaders who see that others' systems are advanced and have to build a more advanced one. The system that leaders come up with is often built blindly without cost-benefit analysis. In the end, the system can't play a role and bring a lot of losses to the country.
The personnel in the information center of the construction unit are often not experts in the development and construction of information network systems. Even if there are people who are good at a certain field, it is impossible to comprehensively consider the whole system. The information center planning system of the construction unit is often advanced in some aspects, but it can't meet the business needs in other aspects, which brings bottlenecks to the system operation, which undoubtedly causes a waste of investment.
Without excellent design, there will be no excellent system. In the process of software system development, the design unit is often the development unit. There is no clear division between design and implementation, and it is impossible to make a strict division at present. However, this obstacle does not exist in the process of information network system construction. Information network system, also known as "weak current project", is more similar to building installation project than software development. The construction of this kind of project can be described clearly before construction, and it is also easy to budget the project according to the engineering quantity. As the final result of engineering construction, preliminary design plays a decisive role in the effect of engineering construction.
Who is designing the information network system?
At present, there is no clear requirement for the design qualification of information network system, and there is no relevant industry competent department to manage it. Information network system design, as a frontier discipline in construction industry and information industry, needs a clear division of labor and effective management by relevant departments.
1, architectural design unit
Integrated wiring, building automation, security, video monitoring and other systems belong to the development of weak current engineering in architectural design.
With the development of intelligent building, more and more information engineering is involved in architectural design. Architectural design units have also developed from lighting and power circuit design to network, telephone and cable TV integrated wiring system design, and then extended to various weak current engineering designs.
In order to meet the increasing demand of customers for building intelligence, architectural design units must carry out the design business of information network system. So who are the people engaged in information network system design in architectural design units? Are they suitable?
Architectural design units have absolute authority in architectural design, but their designers don't understand the principle of information system. Some people who are engaged in weak design are also graduates of architecture-related majors, and have not studied professional courses in information construction and network. The design of general integrated wiring system is based on reference and experience, so it is impossible to plan and design the information system as a whole.
At present, the personnel engaged in information network system design in architectural design units are mostly part-time designers engaged in electrical design, and there are no designers specializing in computer network or information management. Therefore, they can't make excellent information network system design.
2. Information system integration unit
Information system integration units have professional experience in the field of information system integration, and the personnel engaged in information integration are generally computer professionals with good information education. The information system integration unit has experienced engineers who have engaged in the development and implementation of many information system projects, and is a veritable information expert.
At present, most of the information network system design work in China is actually carried out by information system integration units. According to the needs of information system construction units, overall planning, professional advice and system design according to the needs and planning can rationally allocate resources, optimize investment and improve investment efficiency.
Problems existing in the design of information network system
Due to the mismatch of natural specialties, architectural design units can't make excellent designs. At present, the design is limited to the integrated wiring system, and it is impossible to plan and design the equipment and topology. If architectural design units are required to undertake the heavy responsibility of information system design, the quality of information construction will not be guaranteed.
Information system integration units are fully capable of undertaking the design of information network systems, but their roles restrict them from doing this work well. A unit that is both a design unit and a construction unit will bring many negative effects, as follows:
1, which is not conducive to the fairness of bidding.
When selecting information system contractors, if the bidders' design schemes are different, it is impossible to objectively compare the prices. It is also a headache for the construction unit to choose among many design schemes, because it is difficult to compare the equipment and schemes of different manufacturers. This requires comprehensive analysis and consideration by bid evaluation experts, which increases the difficulty of bid evaluation.
2. It is difficult to control the construction process of the system.
Because the whole system is designed by the construction unit, in the process of construction, if the construction unit proposes design changes, the supervision unit cannot control the changes. According to the change procedure, the change application of the construction unit needs to be reported to the supervision unit and the construction unit for review, and then to the design unit for technical confirmation and written comments on the change. Now the construction unit is the design unit, and it is very difficult for the supervision unit to control the change, which requires the supervision unit to make technical decisions on the change request, which undoubtedly increases the supervision risk.
Solicit third-party design units
Why doesn't the design of information network system draw lessons from the relevant experience of architectural engineering design and adopt the third-party design unit for design? It is true that the equipment produced by equipment manufacturers cannot be universal, and the lack of modular design makes it difficult for third parties to design. However, if the third-party design unit can be familiar with the solutions of major equipment manufacturers, it can still make excellent designs.
After the adoption of the third-party design unit, the fairness of bidding and evaluation of information network system has greatly increased, and the possibility of black-box operation has also decreased. The design unit is responsible for the design of the whole system, and the construction unit is responsible for the construction, which is convenient for decomposing the project and calculating the project cost. In the process of construction, the construction unit needs the consent of the design unit to make changes, which greatly reduces the possibility of the construction unit increasing the project cost through changes in disguise.
Implementing the third-party design system in the construction of information network engineering can not only further standardize the construction process of information system engineering, but also make the informatization construction process more transparent, reduce the construction cost of information system engineering and improve the overall quality of informatization construction in China.