1, form
Winter jasmine is a deciduous shrub, erect or prostrate, 0.3-5 meters high and drooping branches. Branches are slightly twisted, smooth and hairless, branchlets are quadrangular, and the edges have narrow wings. Deciduous shrub, slender branches, arched and drooping growth, more than 2m long. The lateral branches are stout, quadrangular and green. The trifoliate compound leaves are opposite, 2-3 cm long, and the leaflets are oval, smooth and entire. Flowers are solitary in leaf axils. Corolla cup-shaped, bright yellow, 6-lobed at the top, or compound leaves. The flowering period is June.
2. Ecological habits
Like light, slightly tolerant of shade, slightly cold, afraid of waterlogging, can overwinter in North China and Yanling in the open air, requiring warm and humid climate, loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage, which grows vigorously in acidic soil and poorly in alkaline soil. The roots germinate vigorously. The landing part of the branch takes root easily.
3. Breeding method
Cutting: It can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn. Semi-lignified branches, with the length of 12- 15 cm, were inserted into sandy soil, kept moist, and took root about 15. Layering: Bury the longer branches in the sand without being scratched, take root after 40-50 days, and transplant them separately from the mother plant in the next spring.
Plant division: it can be carried out when it sprouts in spring. When transplanting in spring, some overground branches should be cut off and lodging soil should be brought. You can also dry-cut, that is, cut the whole seedbed and then irrigate it with water. Cutting can be carried out from the middle of 10 of 65438 to the middle of 10 of 65438 or in spring. After rooting, it can be planted alone, divided into plants or propagated in layers.
Step 4 cultivate
Jasmine in spring forms flower buds on 1 annual branches, which bloom from the end of winter to the next spring. Therefore, every year after flowers wither, all branches should be cut short to promote the growth of more lateral branches, increase the amount of flowers and strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. The soil is mainly kept moist, and it is not aired or watered. When the climate is dry, water can be added to increase humidity, and water should be prevented from accumulating in the basin after rain.
In summer, when the head of the fierce mouth has high temperature, it is more beneficial to move to the semi-shade. Before and after the Spring Festival, move the flowerpot into the greenhouse or plastic shed, keep the room temperature at about 15℃, and you can see the flowers in about 15 days. Spring Festival is adaptable, light-loving, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, alkali-resistant and afraid of waterlogging. The soil requirement is not high, and it can grow in slightly acidic, neutral and slightly alkaline soils, but it grows best in loose and fertile sandy soil. Planting is usually carried out after flowers wither or in mid-September.
5. Conservation of Winter jasmine
Winter jasmine should be kept in sunny, well-ventilated and humid places. In the early winter in the north, it is necessary to spend the winter indoors at low temperature (about 5℃). Put it indoors in a sunny place around 13℃, spray clean water on the branches and leaves twice a day, and bloom in about 20 days; If it is placed indoors in the sunny place at about 20℃, it will bloom in about 10 days. Keep the room temperature at about 8℃ after flowering, and don't let the wind blow directly on it, which can prolong the flowering period. After the flowers bloom, the higher the room temperature, the faster the flowers wither.
6. Garden use
The branches of the Spring Festival droop in spring, and flowers first and leaves later in early spring. These flowers are golden and the leaves are green. Landscaping should be arranged at lakeside, stream bank, bridge head and corner, or planted around lawns, forest edges, slopes and houses, which can be used to enjoy flowers in early spring.
7. Medical purposes
Winter jasmine leaves: bitter, astringent and flat. Promoting blood circulation, detoxicating, detumescence and relieving pain 6 is used for swelling and pain, toxic sores, traumatic injuries and traumatic bleeding. Flowers (winter jasmine: bitter,) sweat, antipyretic and diuretic. Used for fever, headache, astringent urine and pain.
Extended information: winter jasmine? Rinderle. ? ): alias Yingchun, Jasminum giraldii, Golden Belt, Deciduous Shrub. Plant height is 30- 100 cm. Branchlets are slender, erect or arched, drooping, showing a chaotic pattern.
3 leaflets are opposite to compound leaves, and the leaves are ovoid to oblong. This flower was born alone on the branch born last year, and it bloomed before the leaves. It is fragrant, golden yellow, and washed out. The flowering period is from February to April. Named for its earliest opening among flowers, flowers will usher in the spring of flowers.
Winter jasmine, plum blossom, narcissus and camellia are called "four friends in the snow" and are one of the common flowers in China. Winter jasmine is not only dignified and beautiful in color, but also extraordinary in temperament. It has the characteristics of not being afraid of cold, not adapting to local conditions and strong adaptability, and has always been loved by people.
The history of winter jasmine cultivation is over 1000 years. It is recorded in Bai Juyi's poem "Calling Liu Langzhong for the Spring Festival" in the Tang Dynasty, Han Qi's "Spring in the East Hall of Zhongshu" in the Song Dynasty and Zhou Wenhua's "History of Runan Garden" in the Ming Dynasty. Winter jasmine is now the city flower of Hebi City, Henan Province.
Winter jasmine is produced in China, Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, northwestern Yunnan and southeastern Tibet. In the bushes on the original hillside, the altitude is 800-2000 meters. It is widely cultivated in China and all over the world.
There are many plants of the same genus, and the common ones are as follows:
Red jasmine: Also called red jasmine, climbing shrubs. Young branches are quadrangular and striped. Simple leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate. Cymes 3 flowers are terminal, and the corolla is red to rose red, which is fragrant. The flowers and leaves are in full bloom, and the flowering period is May. Produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces.
Jasminum giraldii: Also known as Jasminum grandiflora, erect shrub. The branches are drooping and angular. The leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, with 5-7 leaflets, oval or oval, and the apex is gradually pointed. Flowers solitary or several cymes terminal, white and fragrant. The flowering period is from June to July. Produced in Yunnan and Guangxi. Vietnam, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and India are all distributed.
Tanchun flower: also known as winter jasmine, semi-evergreen shrub. The branches spread out and the arches hung low. Odd pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 3~5 leaflets, oval or oval. The flowers are yellow, forming a terminal flowery cyme. Berries are oval and brown-green. The flowering period is May and the fruiting period is 65438+February. Originated in central and northern China.
Yunnan Jasminum giraldii: Also known as Yunnan Yingchun, evergreen vine shrub. Branchlets glabrous, square, shallowly angular. The leaves are opposite, 3-lobulated, oblong, lanceolate, the top 1 is larger, the base has short stalks, and the lateral sessile ones are 2 small. Flowers are solitary, pale yellow, with dark spots, petals longer than the tube, often close to the compound petals, and fragrant. The flowering period is from March to April. Native to Yunnan, it is cultivated all over the country.
Square flowers: semi-evergreen shrubs. Branchlets are thin and angular. The leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, with 5-9 leaflets, ovate or lanceolate, and the apex is acute. Cymes are terminal, with several flowers, white and fragrant. The flowering period is from June to July. Produced in Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-winter jasmine