You may just have heard of chemical plants, and there are many news reports about chemical plants, such as explosions and poisoning incidents, but you don't know what they are produced. The chemical plant I entered is a chemical fertilizer production enterprise, which is also famous in our local area and even in the whole province. As we all know, fertilizer is the nutrition of dealers. When we open the fertilizer packaging bag, we will smell a strange smell, even a pungent smell. This is because the fertilizer smells of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia, so we can imagine how we feel in the production workshop!
First, working in a chemical plant is easy to be poisoned and cause physiological disorders. Everyone who works in a chemical plant will wear a gas mask, but a gas mask is not everything. After staying in the factory for a long time, you will have obvious feelings. When toxic gases enter the human body, it will damage the physiological function or tissue structure of some tissues and organs of the human body and cause serious organ failure.
Second, it is easy to suffocate and lead to organ hypoxia. Working in a chemical plant, we often inhale toxic foreign bodies, which will lead to the sudden closure of the glottis and the inability of oxygen to enter the body, leading to our lack of oxygen. If you do it for a long time, you will naturally feel uncomfortable.
Third, working in a chemical plant can also cause burns, because some materials need high temperature treatment, so it is also very dangerous.
Fourth, because chemical plants are all open-air workshops, the environment is not very good, and a lot of waste, waste water, waste gas and dust are discharged everywhere. The most unacceptable thing is waste gas, and sometimes lack of oxygen will suffocate.
Fifth, the clothes working in the chemical factory are also particularly dirty. Every time I go home to wash clothes, I wash them separately from other clothes, because clothes are really dirty.
First, what is a chemical plant like?
As the name implies, a chemical plant is a factory engaged in the chemical industry. Because of their limited conditions, most of these factories are built on water, and areas with abundant water resources often attract many chemical enterprises around them.
However, when chemical plants manufacture chemical products, they will produce a lot of waste water and waste gas. Many enterprises are unwilling to buy pollution treatment equipment in order to save costs, which leads to serious air pollution and water pollution in many chemical plants.
According to product classification, chemical plants can generally be divided into two categories: organic chemical raw materials and inorganic chemical raw materials.
Organic chemical raw materials can be divided into alkanes and their derivatives, alkenes and their derivatives, alkynes and their derivatives.
Inorganic chemical raw materials can be divided into inorganic acids, inorganic bases, inorganic salts, oxides, simple substances, industrial gases and other types.
Organic and inorganic chemical raw materials also produce many products, such as fertilizers, paints, inks and pigments; Daily chemicals, special chemicals, pesticides, synthetic materials, rubber products, etc. Chemical minerals, other chemicals, natural crude oil, natural gas exploitation, petroleum processing, coking products, plastic products, etc.
Because the value of products produced by chemical plants is more than five times that of raw materials, it plays an important role in national production and national economic development, and can promote the development of regional economy.
2. What's it like to work in a chemical plant?
(1) wages and benefits of chemical plants
Chemical plants in China are divided into three categories: state-owned, private and foreign-funded chemical plants. The salary and salary of working in each type of factory are different, and each position and type of work are different, more or less different.
As the name implies, state-owned factories are state-owned holding enterprises, mainly China Petrochemical, China Petroleum and China Offshore Oil Company.
Foreign-funded chemical plants are generally located in the southern coastal areas, with good treatment and excellent welfare. Foreign-funded chemical plants have higher requirements for employees' ability and quality, and the entry threshold is slightly higher. Foreign companies usually assess and reward through comprehensive indicators. If the task completed is good, the annual salary of executives is one million, which is a matter of minutes.
Private factories, that is, private enterprises, are not as good as state-owned enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises, but if the benefits of factories are good, the wages and benefits of employees will often be high.
Different from ordinary employees, middle and senior management positions will be treated better than ordinary positions.
Because of the nature of the chemical plant, its salary will be slightly higher than other factories. Of course, the higher the level, the higher the salary. So if you choose to work in a chemical plant, give priority to the big factories with better environment and better treatment, and then go to see others.
(2) Safety first.
When working in a chemical plant, safety should be the first priority.
The common types of accidents in chemical plants are fire and explosion, poisoning and suffocation, and corrosive combustion. Improper treatment of pollution discharge, waste water, waste gas and waste residue from chemical plants can easily lead to pollution of soil, air and groundwater, and even lead to safety accidents such as fire and explosion.
Therefore, when you go to work, you should always be cautious and don't ignore any security risks, especially those who are struggling in the front line.
Every step of the work process should be in place, refined management, and every step is related to your personal safety.
Pay attention to the selection of regular chemical plants that meet the national safety standards, and ensure your personal safety as the primary condition.
(3) upgrading their own technology and professional skills is king.
Working in a chemical plant, no matter what, you should learn relevant professional skills and skills in an all-round way, learn from your predecessors, learn from outstanding colleagues, and improve your hard power. In this way, no matter whether you change jobs or have other ways out in the future, you are all skilled and skilled, and wherever you go, it will be smooth.
Above.
I majored in chemistry and have been working for more than ten years since graduation. In 20 12, there was a big explosion accident in my company, and I worked the night shift. Chemical plants are definitely harmful to my health, and my personal safety is not fully guaranteed. But I can't. I have been to several chemical plants to support my family, and one of them is still very good. The pressure in the laboratory is not great, and the leaders appreciate it. I have a day and a half off a week, and my salary is ok. I am single. Because of the introduction of my classmates, I went to another factory to be a workshop manager. Because it is a newly opened factory, the technology is not mature, and I am tired. I lost more than ten kilograms in January and February, and my boss was ungrateful and the benefits were not good. I left and went to another pharmaceutical intermediate production enterprise to be the workshop director. The salary is acceptable. I am close to home and go home from work to take care of my children every day. The former boss built a new business nearby, and his classmates invited him. Although the boss has a normal relationship, my classmate is the factory director, so I went anyway. That's a new product. They are all tired and dirty. For some reasons, the ownership structure of the company has changed, and the management has also changed. My classmate was still the general manager of the factory director, and he wanted to leave or resign. He went to a Chinese medicine extraction enterprise as a quality supervisor. He was well paid and had a good working environment, but his wife couldn't go to work, his children had to be raised and he had a second child. The classmate introduced the enterprise to him for the first time. He changed his boss, and his salary was improved when his classmate was away. Although he hesitated, he went.
I have been to many places and worked in many chemical enterprises, from the coast to Shandong to Ningxia, as a front-line operator, so I answer this question:
1, poor environment: chemical plants are generally on the edge of cities, or suburbs, or even Gobi desert. For example, my current factory is in Yinchuan, Ningxia, across the Yellow River and east of Ningdong. At first, this place was the Gobi desert, because there are huge coal resources underground, which makes it brilliant today. Coal chemical industry is a heavily polluting enterprise, although it is often said that environmental protection is qualified. However, if you look at the white smoke discharged into the sky, the whole sky has even been dyed gray. The factory is also full of peculiar smell. We can smell it as long as we open the window in our dormitory. Although it is not very close, the smell still spreads. Needless to say, the working area is not noisy or smelly. Some pipes are even radioactive, and some places emit toxic gases. Therefore, remember that newcomers should not wander around casually, but must follow the skilled workers.
2, far from home. What once attracted me was "working in Ningdong and living in Yinchuan". Around 20 10, Yinchuan's house is particularly cheap, so jump to this place. And I was a special employee, and my monthly salary was 1000 yuan. Ningdong is more than 40 kilometers away from Yinchuan, and my home is about 50 kilometers. Although the commuter bus is free every day, I get up at 6: 30 every day, leave by bus at 7: 00 and arrive at the factory at 8: 00. Get off work at five in the afternoon and go home by bus at seven. I went to work without waking up in the morning, and it was dark when I got home every night. Taking care of children is purely a fantasy, and you can only rely on the elderly. Sometimes I really regret my choice, but it's a little comforting to think about my income. I have been in business for ten years, and it is impossible to change careers. I can only stick to it. Wearing the cloak of occupational disease, I'm afraid I'll use the money I earned to recover from illness in the future.
I suggest that students who want to enter the industry consider it.
Just resigned from a chemical plant in February this year.
This chemical plant mainly produces pharmaceutical intermediates, that is, semi-finished raw materials of western medicine, which are mainly exported to Europe, America and India.
There are roughly three kinds: asthma in children, lowering blood pressure and vitamin C.
The working hours are three shifts, one shift is 8 hours, that is, the working system of stopping people.
As soon as I entered the factory, the first thing I smelled was the pungent smell, which made people sick and want to vomit.
Then the machine roared and made a lot of noise. Keep your voice down. You can't hear me.
Raw materials and products are highly toxic, flammable and explosive.
Such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, bagged powder and bottled water.
Cell phones and smoking are strictly prohibited in the factory. Work clothes are uniformly distributed cotton cloth. At work, they are armed to the teeth, wearing helmets, protective glasses, gas masks and even elephant trunk masks.
Mobile phones generate electromagnetic sparks, chemical fiber fabrics generate static electricity, and smoke is an open flame. Because the ignition point of raw materials and products is very low, these are absolutely not allowed.
Mainly because I think toxic gas is harmful to human body and my throat is inflamed, which is the main reason why I chose to leave the chemical industry.
Secondly, security issues. Failure to operate according to regulations or misoperation may lead to steam burn, nitrogen suffocation, fire and explosion.
The chemical industry was once unable to recruit people because of its particularity and danger.
So the personnel department recruits people every day. Even introduce a worker, as long as he has worked for half a year, the introducer still has 300 bonuses.
The age has been relaxed again and again, from twenties to thirties to forties and fifties, but it is still difficult to recruit workers. We joked that this was a "nursing home".
There is a serious shortage of people in each position, with one top two employees, and some of them are 8 to 8 for a long time (12 hours).
At present, there is a shortage of labor force and an aging population in all industries. Some of them are placed in first-tier cities, and they don't want to do anything.
Chemical industry is a high-risk industry. Although there are five insurances and one gold, the living accommodation has improved, but it is limited to the consumption level in the mainland, and the salary is too low. These reasons lead to the chemical plant can not find people, can not keep people.
How is the work in the chemical plant? I haven't investigated it myself, so I dare not talk nonsense. Once I was chatting with my cleaning aunt at work, I asked her where she lived, and she said it was in a town. I said I know. I have been there. A few years ago, our unit's van took us to that town on business and found it was gray outside, just like driving into the desert. The ashes on the road are at least five centimeters thick. Looking up, there are chimneys standing everywhere.
This town is an industrial town. According to the plan, most chemical enterprises in the city have moved here. According to the cleaning aunt, they dare not go to bask in the quilt during the day because it is dusty outside. Every month, they will get a subsidy of 1 1,000 yuan, which is available to every urban resident. I told her that this 1000 yuan is not enough to see a doctor. She nodded and said, yes. I can smell a pungent smell every day, which makes people have a headache. However, there is nothing they can do. They want to move to other places, and the house price is expensive, so they have to be wronged temporarily. Moreover, my daughter is an accountant in a local chemical company, which is inseparable for the time being.
Some friends who work in chemical enterprises can tell me the specific situation. Thank you.
I work in a chemical plant, and now I am the most common operator, responsible for maintaining the normal operation of running machines and doing some chores.
To work in a chemical plant, you must first put up with all kinds of smells, such as sour, smelly, pungent, disgusting and smoky eyes. In different workshop locations, there will be different concentrations. We need to pay special attention to some toxic and harmful gases, such as hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, carbon monoxide and toluene. Because of negligence in some places, it will lead to the loss of life. There are countless examples of this.
My workshop is wastewater treatment, which mainly removes pollutants through evaporation and condensation. Due to the backward treatment technology, the water quality is relatively mixed, there are many things in the workshop, and equipment problems occur frequently. Pipeline corrosion, pump failure, salt accumulation blocking centrifuge and so on. Some problems in the workshop will be handled by the construction team in the factory, but operators like us will definitely not be idle, and they need to clean up the scene and help deal with various problems. Most importantly, the salary is only 3560.
Fortunately, there is no dangerous environment of high temperature and high pressure in my workshop, no toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive gases and no corrosive chemicals. The safety factor is relatively high, and only the compressor may explode once every five years.
Although other workshops are far away from these toxic gases, irritating gases such as ammonia and methyl ester will inevitably float in, which makes people very uncomfortable. There is dust in the air and noise in the equipment. The difference in working environment can be seen.
Someone who doesn't know how to do business once said that unmarried people can't work in chemical plants, which will lead to lifelong infertility. In fact, this is a wrong view, of course, this situation will exist, but in some very special positions, contact with some special chemical raw materials. The factory will also inform employees that generally 40-50 employees choose to hire people to enter such high-paying positions.
In chemical plants, some jobs are completely risking their lives to make money. There is a workshop in our factory called "DCNQ". This product is a relatively toxic chemical, and most people are allergic to it. The factory hires people with a monthly salary of more than 10 thousand, but it is difficult to recruit people. Finally, it was completely abandoned because of environmental problems.
One advantage of working in a chemical plant is that it is relatively easy. If everything is all right, it will be time-consuming. Operators like me, 12 hours, the workload is very small. But my wastewater treatment workshop is an exception, and I am very tired. The production workshop is relatively relaxed, but it is easy to come into contact with harmful substances.
If you give me a chance, I will definitely not work in a chemical plant again. But in order to pay the mortgage, I have to go again. When attracting investment, our urban area has entered a large number of chemical plants and smelters. The working environment of smelter is worse and the workload is bigger. As a bottom-level employee, there is not much room for choice.
Therefore, for the bottom employees, it is tears to say too much. Sometimes I really want to start my own business and do some business. But because of the mortgage, I was completely pinned down because I couldn't afford to lose.
I graduated from 9 1 chemical technical school and was assigned to Tianjin sulfuric acid plant. At that time, this kind of chemical enterprise was a good job. At that time, it was a state-owned unit that distributed food and meals on holidays. Later, state-owned enterprises laid off employees and went to several related joint-venture chemical enterprises. Finally, he settled in a dye factory in Switzerland and resigned in 2009. Generally speaking, chemical enterprises are not labor-intensive enterprises, and the labor intensity is lighter than before. In the past, the labor security of state-owned enterprises was worse, such as gas masks and gloves, but joint ventures were much better. Rubber gloves are broken, just replace them. Gas masks are tested regularly, and dust-proof clothing is disposable. Self-safety protection is very important. You should always pay attention to safety. Fortunately, you didn't get hurt once, and you were careful afterwards. Chemical enterprises are generally inseparable from high temperature and high pressure operation, so we must strictly abide by the operating rules and do a good job in labor protection. Because the labor intensity is not very great, chemical enterprises usually work in four shifts and two shifts, working 24 hours a day and taking 72 hours off, which means three days at home for four days. At that time, they were young and energetic, and they also worked part-time in other jobs. Generally speaking, they are more free than working from nine to five.
My factory is not called a chemical plant. I am a chemical worker. I worked for more than 30 years until I retired. I've been back to the factory for almost a year or two, and I always want to talk to a fellow named Gao about my colleagues' recent situation. He always warns me: Lao Wang, you really have to be careful! Your colleague has XX on his way again. Indeed, a few people with the same job nature have left, but they are only over 60 years old. I outlived them 15 years.
Yes, as a worker, technician and engineer, I deal with chemicals all day. Various coating solvents, such as formaldehyde, xylene, phenol, acetone, xylene, banana oil, triacid, chromic anhydride, strong base and highly toxic cyanide, etc. In short, the toxic and harmful substances I come into contact with live in the smelly and toxic atmosphere released by the above substances all day. It's not that I didn't know it was harmful before, but it was a job need, not to mention that harmful jobs enjoyed different degrees of labor protection. I remember in the sixties and seventies, there were two Jin of meat every month. After that, it is still a first-class labor insurance, and the specific materials are issued. I can't remember clearly.
Painters in charge of technology in our hospital, especially unmarried young workers, all have the same ideological problem, saying that there is always a smell of paint on their bodies, which will be taken home by friends who talk about the object, and the smell of paint will blow the object away! So, I don't trust, I always want to dance Cao!
Although I have several diseases now, there is nothing serious on the whole. At least, I'm still alive, and I can run around, pull strings and sing operas. I am in good health, probably because I was completely out of the toxic environment for 20 years after retirement. I have returned to my hometown Bailuyuan, where the air is good, the water quality is good, and the food and vegetables I eat are relatively green. In addition, I like playing strings and singing Shaanxi opera.
As a chemical worker in China, I want to say something about chemical plant production. Chemical production is divided into two types, one is continuous production, and the other is unit operation. Continuous production means that raw materials enter the kettle and finished products come out in a sealed state. Unitization operation means that the feed from one kettle carries out one-step chemical reaction, then moves to the next kettle for chemical reaction, and carries out multi-step reaction according to the process flow, and the process flow ends until the finished product comes out for a complete reaction process. After the finished product is qualified, it is packaged and delivered from the factory. Whether it is continuous reaction or intermittent reaction, the raw materials for chemical production are mostly toxic substances, and the waste gas produced in the reaction process is basically harmful gas. As an old worker in chemical production for more than 30 years, I have been a monitor for 20 years and brought more than 20 apprentices. Controlling the temperature, pressure and reaction speed of chemical reaction is an ancient basic chemistry skill. The quality of products depends on the understanding of chemical operators. As a monitor, we should support each worker's skills and labor attitude, reasonably arrange each worker's specialties, control the whole reaction in the best state, be familiar with the running state of supporting machinery and equipment, and be familiar with the toxicity and safety risks of supporting chemical raw materials. For example, where toluene has a low ignition point and is lighter than water, where toxic toluene gas is concentrated, it is easy to flash and explode, and it cannot meet an open flame. When there is a fire, the water can't save it, and the fire also flows there. It is best to put it out with a dry powder fire extinguisher first, and then use foam. Take precautions, safety production comes first, unsafe production equals zero, and there are potential safety hazards in the workshop. As a squad leader, there are security risks. Unit kettle volume is a hidden danger in chemical production, which is ignored by leaders. What does this mean? The volume of raw materials in a 500-liter kettle is two-thirds of that in the kettle. Chemical raw materials are easy to expand when heated and explode when pressed. Chemical production heating adopts steam heating according to the danger of raw materials. Or heating with hot oil, or heating chemical raw materials with an electric heating oil. Electric heating is also risky. The temperature of hot oil should not exceed 250 degrees, which may easily cause fire.
General chemical production is 24-hour continuous production, and ordinary workers have changed from four shifts of eight hours to three shifts, that is, one shift of 12 hours during the day and one shift of 12 hours at night, which saves costs for production units, but violates the laws of nature and brings potential safety hazards to production. For people, working in the day shift 12 hours, from 2 pm to 3 pm is the most tiring time, or from/kloc-0 pm to 4 pm is the most sleepy time. Accidents are most likely to happen at this time. If the squad leader flexibly supports the personnel arrangement to avoid the risk of staff fatigue, but now the unit strictly checks the labor discipline, then wait. The income of chemical operators is not high. Now the bonus distribution income of enterprise management is 5532, that is, half of the income of management leaders, three-fifths of the bonus income of workshop management, and two-fifths times half of the income of all workers and operators. Therefore, it is said that the bonus distribution of factory-level leaders is more. After being drunk, the leader said that he was embarrassed to take it. Hundreds of thousands were in cash, and workers were rewarded with 2000 yuan for holidays. Social contradictions deepen and workers are negative. If the equipment broke down, they didn't repair and replace it in time. In a word, replacing regular equipment with inferior equipment is another income of workshop leaders.
Convenient personnel. In the past, chemical operation was a special industry, with strict training, three-level safety education and apprentices. It's different now. A large number of untrained farmers are used to send workers, and a large number of relatives of leaders come from rural areas, and unskilled people who like to kiss up to leaders are the team leaders. People who are prone to accidents are appreciated by leaders and like to eat, drink, gamble and gamble. There was only one original safety manual. Leaders like to say, you can do it, you can't do it, you can't do it, the chemical industry is a high-risk and high-risk industry, and all kinds of unsafe factors add up to a serious accident.