Liver cancer is a malignant tumor, which generally needs long-term continuous treatment.
medicine
Traditional drug therapy
Antiviral drugs: Patients with liver cancer caused by viral infection need to take antiviral drugs for life, such as entecavir, to reduce postoperative recurrence and metastasis.
Hepatoprotective drugs: Patients with liver cancer will have abnormal liver function, so hepatoprotective drugs, such as reduced glutathione, should be used at this time.
Symptomatic supportive drugs: Patients with liver cancer have many complications and need symptomatic, nutritious and supportive drugs.
Special drug therapy
Chemotherapeutic drugs: such as oxaliplatin and fluorouracil, can kill cancer cells to some extent.
Targeted therapeutic drugs: such as sorafenib, rivatinib, repaglinide, etc. It can act on specific receptors and targets and inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Immunotherapy drugs: such as PD 1 antibody, can activate T cells with immune function, thus inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.
Surgical therapy
Partial hepatectomy: If the patient's liver function is good, the tumor is single, and there is no blood vessel growth in the tumor, partial hepatectomy can be performed on the liver tumor and surrounding tissues.
Liver transplantation: If the patient cannot operate and finds a suitable liver source, liver transplantation can be performed.
Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy is one of the basic treatment methods for malignant tumors, but because of its poor effect and great damage to the liver, patients with primary liver cancer rarely receive radiotherapy. Scholars at home and abroad reported the clinical practice and research of using modern precise radiotherapy technology to treat unresectable primary liver cancer. For selected patients with primary liver cancer, the 3-year survival rate after radiotherapy can reach 25% ~ 30%. It is generally believed that radiotherapy can be considered for the following patients with liver cancer, because the tumor is limited and the liver function is not good, or the tumor is located in an important anatomical structure and cannot be removed technically, or the patient refuses to operate. In addition, for patients with distant metastasis, palliative care is sometimes feasible, which can control pain or reduce oppression.
Other treatments
Biotherapy: drugs have limited effects and are usually used in combination with chemotherapy. Interferon is one of the most widely used cytokines in recent years, which can inhibit the proliferation and cell division of tumor cells, inhibit the expression of oncogenes and induce the differentiation of tumor cells. Combined with other methods, it has certain curative effect.
Embolization therapy: Interventional therapy, including pulmonary embolism, directly injects drugs into tumor blood vessels to reduce the blood supply of liver cancer lesions. It is suitable for patients with liver cancer who are not suitable for surgery and have small lesions.
According to the different occupations of patients, eliminate their fear, irritability and anxiety about their illness, and appropriately conceal part of their illness when circumstances permit.
Don't verbally stimulate patients, cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude, and usually participate in outdoor activities to enhance physical fitness.
Always accompany patients, listen to their voices and solve their psychological problems in time.