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Crew refers to all personnel on board, including the captain. Captain, driver, chief engineer, engineer, electrical engineer, telegraph operator (this post was basically abolished after 2000, and the driver acted as the agent) and political commissar (basically all state-owned enterprises in China) must be held by people with corresponding certificates of competency.
China crew members engaged in international navigation must hold seafarers' certificates and relevant certificates issued by the harbour superintendency agencies of People's Republic of China (PRC) and China.
The maritime laws of all countries clearly stipulate the legal status, rights, obligations and qualifications of seafarers, while countries in the common law system often adopt the separation of captain and crew, that is, the narrow definition of seafarers. Civil law countries have adopted the way of merger, calling the captain and sailors as crew members and adopting a broad definition of crew members.