Systematically learn the theoretical knowledge of project management, and constantly ponder and feel in practice. Because I know the project duration, cost, quality, risk, milestone plan, work breakdown structure, network diagram, Gantt chart and so on. Only through practical experience can we understand it deeply and truly. So the ability of leadership is honed by life. Learning, practice and sharpening are the laws of project management progress.
Question 2: How to improve project management? Project management is the source of economic benefits and cost center of construction enterprises. The level of project cost management directly determines the level of project economic benefits. How to make the winning project get better profits is the common goal pursued by our construction enterprises. Therefore, doing a good job in project construction management is of great significance to the economic and social benefits of construction enterprises. Below I will talk about my own understanding on how to strengthen the cost management and control of engineering projects. 1. Project is the "window" for the production and operation of construction enterprises and the source of economic benefits. Paying attention to project management and improving the quality of project operation are the eternal themes for the survival and development of construction enterprises. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to choose a suitable project manager and form a project management team as the "leader" of project management, because the key to making the project get higher profits depends on project management when the project scale and gold content are basically the same. Looking at the quality of project managers and project management, we should first openly select and compete for posts according to the principle of having both ability and political integrity, be eclectic, appoint people on their merits, and use them according to the three quality conditions and one principle of managers. This is the main basis for selecting project managers and project managers. In order to realize the professional management of project managers, project managers must undergo formal training and be selected from those who hold the qualification certificate of project managers. It is necessary to establish the appointment system of project managers, improve the management system of project managers, clarify the responsibilities, rights, interests and risks of project managers, curb unhealthy practices, strengthen study, continuously improve ideological and political level and professional ethics, and improve professional quality. Adhere to the principle of lean and efficient, reasonable structure and "multi-responsibility for one post, multi-function for one specialty", make the project organization and staffing flexible, and organize the rational flow of project managers according to the different characteristics and requirements of different stages of the project to ensure the effective play of the overall management of the project. Project evaluation and contract signing should be regarded as the basis of strengthening project management, and the implementation of project evaluation and project manager responsibility system should be regarded as the first pass to block the loss of project benefits. To truly realize the important position of evaluation and measurement, we must do the following work well: First, we must raise awareness, take project evaluation and measurement as the basis of project management ideologically, realize the loss of interests, and consciously do a good job in evaluation and measurement. The second is to strengthen the organization and leadership of evaluation and measurement, and to have a special organization, special personnel and a scientific evaluation and measurement system. The third is to sign various contracts according to law. Fourth, do a good job of supervision, inspection, guidance and evaluation in project construction, correct the deviation in operation and management in time, and ensure the realization of project objectives. Construction enterprises should take the optimal allocation of human resources as the focus of strengthening project management, rationally allocate labor according to the needs of engineering projects, fully mobilize people's enthusiasm and creativity, and improve labor efficiency. According to the principle of dynamic balance and overall optimization, the project manager should establish the overall optimization of labor force, realize the optimal combination of labor force and project demand, make overall arrangements for the distribution and flow of labor force, ensure the overall balance of labor force and project demand, and make effective monitoring and inspection and timely adjustment, so as to strengthen the management of take-away labor services as an important way to improve efficiency. According to the actual situation and different characteristics of the project, external labor services will be supplemented in time at the peak of the project, so as to stay in society and be used in enterprises, and come and go at any time. Construction enterprises should keep abreast of the labor situation around the construction site, keep in touch, make it a "reservoir" and supply place of labor resources, strengthen the use and management of foreign labor, standardize the behavior of foreign labor, strengthen safety education, put an end to the phenomenon of paying more attention to the package than to the management, and prevent accidents from damaging the reputation and image of enterprises. Therefore, we should strengthen the management of foreign labor from the following three aspects. 1, standardize the use system, adhere to the policy of "taking me as the main, serving me, being reasonable and orderly, evaluating performance and paying attention to strength", and adhere to the system of "localization and flexibility" in the use of labor force and using external services in key positions. Employment agreements or contracts must be signed with migrant workers. 2, strict qualification examination and subcontracting, do qualification examination, strictly follow the subcontracting review procedures, and strictly examine the comprehensive strength. It is necessary to sign and perform standardized economic contracts, ensure that key and high-tech projects are based on their own teams, and put an end to overall subcontracting and subcontracting at different levels. 3. Strengthen dynamic management, highlight the "two principles" and pay special attention to the "three key points", that is, adhere to the principles of "whoever employs workers is responsible" and "pay equal attention to education, use and management", focus on the selection of field representatives and technical leaders, and implement subcontracting ... >>
Question 3: How to improve the management level of engineering projects As we all know, the cost of engineering projects is divided into direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs mainly include labor, materials, machinery and other direct costs, and indirect costs mainly include site costs and management costs. Both direct costs and indirect costs can be calculated in the construction budget and reflected in accounting, which is called explicit costs. In fact, we still have three major costs, which people often turn a blind eye to, or often feel their existence, and it is difficult to quantitatively analyze and record. These are system cost, mechanism cost and quality cost. We can call it hidden cost. Its essence is that if the system is backward, the mechanism is rigid and the quality is low, the project cost will rise and the economic benefit will decline. Therefore, the hidden cost increases the explicit cost and reflects the level of project management benefit through the explicit cost. 1. Institutional cost refers to the low efficiency and cost increase caused by the backward project management system, which does not conform to the construction principles of project law, project management law and market competition. At present, there are three main reasons for the system cost of each unit: ① there is no separation between management and labor, and the number of people supported by enterprises is huge and the cost is high; (2) The institutions of the project department overlap, which increases the cost; ③ The allocation of production factors in enterprises still adopts the traditional management system and mode. A few days ago, some key projects basically realized the management system of the second-level project department. On the one hand, we are very used to this traditional management system, thinking that the management span is small, the management level is shallow and familiar; On the other hand, the establishment of the project department is convenient for the use of funds, and the grass-roots units are convenient for management and personnel arrangement, but the project cost is not carefully considered. The optimal allocation of production factors in project construction comes from the market, and it can also return to the market through dynamic management. Only in this way can the project be completely self-sufficient and realize the dynamic management of the optimal allocation of production factors. Because only by forming a competitive mechanism, improving labor productivity, maximizing the use of enterprise resources and reducing costs can we ensure the maximization of project benefits. 2. Mechanism cost The so-called mechanism cost mainly refers to the increased cost due to the imperfect, imperfect, unreasonable and non-implementation of the principles, policies, rules and regulations and supporting measures in terms of employing people, distribution, encouragement, supervision and restraint, which leads to management confusion, decision-making mistakes, poor quality and graft. Over the years, we have made many beneficial explorations and efforts to improve the project management mechanism, and gradually formed a relatively mature and stable project management system and management methods, which has played an effective guiding role in project management. At present, there are still two outstanding problems in our work: first, the mechanism is not perfect, and second, the rules and regulations are not implemented and implemented effectively. For example, a few companies have implemented the competition of project managers, but most companies are still sending legacy systems; The relationship between labor and capital care, the selection and operation of subcontracting teams are not standardized, regardless of qualifications and performance; The incentive mechanism is not active, and the reward is heavy and the punishment is light. Wage income is not linked to the size of the project, profit and loss, only negative; The methods and effects of supervision and restraint on project management departments and project managers cannot be fundamentally solved, and there is a lack of basic working procedures and responsibilities. In some workplaces, there are many people in enterprises and institutions, but they just watch the scene, listen to the report, ask for materials, wait until the problems are exposed, then monitor and audit, and then settle them. We are paying a heavy mechanism cost every day. 3. Quality cost Quality cost refers to the incremental cost or huge opportunity cost brought to enterprises and projects due to decision-making mistakes, out-of-control management, invalid claims and low efficiency caused by the personal quality factors of project managers and project managers. The project manager should have good political quality, leadership quality, technical quality and physical quality. Among them, political quality is the first, and the project manager should have a high sense of political responsibility, strong revolutionary dedication and strong sense of market competition. The first problem of being a good project manager is to correctly understand why you want to be a project manager. Do you contribute to the enterprise or make money for the individual? After creating good economic and social benefits for enterprises through project management, we strongly advocate realizing personal value legally and reasonably and getting due benefits. Those who try to get rich by managing projects can only be "rich abbots and poor temples". The project manager should not only have strong ability to organize, coordinate and control public relations, but also have high technical quality, that is, he should have construction technology and experience, be familiar with construction organization design, master construction budget, and be able to understand financial reports ... >>
Question 4: How to improve the level of project management and promote the continuous improvement of project management.
1, understand the overall goal of the project, have a comprehensive and overall understanding of the project goal, analyze it from the user's point of view with a professional eye according to the user's needs, and finally realize the project goal consistent with the user after being audited by experts and leaders;
2. Planning and design, feasibility study and scheme design of the whole project;
3, comprehensive and accurate project budget, please experts score, leadership audit;
4, according to the goal and plan, all the tasks will be completed as planned;
5. Organize the team members, formulate the project organization, and determine the responsible person according to the decomposed tasks;
6. Make a feasible work matrix and work schedule, which will be confirmed by the team members;
7, the project began to execute; At the initial stage of implementation, we should always pay attention to the working status and difficulties of each member of the team, actively help them solve various difficulties, and ensure that all tasks are carried out as planned;
8. Strictly control work tasks, working hours and work quality in the implementation process, understand work difficulties and provide solutions at any time, and check whether all work tasks meet quality standards at any time;
9, strictly control the project cost, in the process of completing the project to ensure that all kinds of expenses will not exceed the actual budget cost;
10. After the project is completed, it must stand many tests and finally submit high-quality projects that fully meet customer requirements and industry standards.
The second is to improve the refined management of the project.
1, according to the overall goal of the project and design requirements to develop a set of detailed workflow; Let every member of the team know the work objectives and workflow;
2. Divide the whole project into different categories according to industry, work and tasks;
3. Establish various operating standards of various categories, so that members of different categories can work according to relevant operating standards;
4. Make standard work records, so that every process of every job can be implemented.
Third, strengthen the management of project data.
1, according to the design process of the project, formulate and improve the work charts involved in each work link, so as to facilitate the accurate data entry and speak with data during the execution of each work;
2. All data must be measured on site to ensure authenticity and validity;
3. All data should be reviewed by relevant experts.
Fourthly, it embodies the humanized management of the project.
1. Establish a humanized work system for the project team, with clear rewards and punishments, with rewards greater than punishment and merits greater than mistakes;
2. Strengthen the training and assessment of project professional knowledge to improve work efficiency;
3. Strengthen the cohesion of the project team with the project manager as the core, and improve the working attitude and sense of responsibility of the project members;
4. Effectively improve communication between teams;
5. Formulate the post-project evaluation system, constantly sum up experience, improve the work and raise the level.
Due to the increase of information construction, the knowledge of project management has been more studied, practiced and constantly improved. We should constantly improve and strengthen the standardization and refinement of information industry project management, and also push information project management to the society, so that more people can serve the society in a standardized, scientific and refined way, so as to better and faster promote the pace of national informatization.
Question 5: How to improve project management ability 1. Divide everyone according to their personal abilities, and pay attention to the improvement of their specialties and the cultivation of their interests;
2, combined with the company's long-term planning of the project, determine the business, technology and database leaders, perform their duties and do their best;
3. Strengthen personal ability improvement plan and tracking plan, and strengthen spiritual and material incentives;
4, pay attention to create a harmonious atmosphere of communication and discussion, enhance the team's cooperation ability and cohesion;
5. Enhance the trust and dependence on project members, so that everyone can do their own work well and do it happily and productively.
Question 6: How to improve personal agile project management ability First of all, embrace change, overcome conflicts and prepare to implement agile. Agility is not a scourge. Now that the enterprise has decided to introduce agile change, the agile project management method must have some advantages. Why not try before making a decision, instead of refusing to change and blindly resisting?
As advocated in traditional project management-communication is the basic quality of project manager, and communication is also the most effective means to solve the problem of change. At the beginning of agile implementation, there must be sufficient communication to ensure that every member gets enough information about agile and can objectively look at the advantages and disadvantages of agile from many aspects. Agile is not a myth, "Agile is not a silver bullet", and no method is universally applicable, so we adopt agile thinking and customized methods for the project environment.
Individual members can look for opportunities to learn more agile theories and methods, refer to the practice and case sharing of agile community, gain successful experiences and lessons of failure, and actively think about the uniqueness of agile to the team and its advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, enterprises should also take formal and informal training, seminars, symposiums and other ways to eliminate individual members' doubts and concerns, so as to prepare for the implementation of Agile.
Secondly, from the perspective of management practice, understand the agile framework and specific implementation methods to adapt to the changes in roles. When individual members are exposed to a new method, especially technicians often ask the question, "Any framework will do. Anyway, the leader has decided, just tell me what to do. " This is actually the most unacceptable attitude. Implementing a new framework or method requires specific work guidance, but individual members should systematically study and practice methods, processes, roles and responsibilities, and know why, instead of rigidly following the book. In order to avoid this phenomenon, many organizations introduce the role of coach to help individual members master and use new methods effectively.
Because many organizations realize agility from Scrum framework, which is one of the most popular agile methods at present, this paper takes Scrum as an example for a brief analysis.
There is a 3-3-5 structure in the Scrum framework:
That is, three roles-product leader, Scrum M aster and team;
Three kinds of artifacts-product backlog, iterative backlog and burnout diagram;
Five rituals)-sprint, sprint plan, daily standing meeting, sprint review and review. It is not difficult to see that this is a framework of project management, which provides specific processes, norms and steps to carry out the work, but it is different from traditional project management.
For individuals, the most important thing is to understand the new roles in Scrum, and then understand their specific responsibilities and how to cooperate with each other. Even some team members may need to change roles and act as scrum masters or product leaders, which makes it even more necessary to clarify their respective functions, rights and obligations.
For example, part of Scrum Masterer's job is to clear the obstacles encountered by the team, guide the team and protect the team. For many new members of Scrummaster, there are often doubts or contradictions, because this role is the leader of the team on the one hand and has no personnel management right on the other. In fact, this requires a thorough understanding that the leader in Scrum is a servant-the leader and Scrum.
M aster has no personnel management rights over team members, but has control over the process. He has the obligation to help the team implement the Scrum method, answer questions for the team, and even play the role of coach. Therefore, the novice scrum master should be trained as a "sheepdog" of the team (note: using sheepdog metaphor to protect the team and maintain the execution of the process) and practice Scrum.
The six outstanding qualities of a master's degree are responsibility, modesty, cooperation, dedication, influence and knowledge.
Again ... >>
Question 7: How to improve the level of personal management? 1. Define your own ability menu and determine the goal of improving your ability. The first step to improve my ability is to clarify four questions: (1) What is my most outstanding ability? (2) What is the most urgently needed ability at present? (3) Compared with the urgently needed ability, what ability do I lack most? (4) How can I improve these lacking abilities? You can make a list and answer the above questions one by one, so that your lack of ability and the direction of your future efforts will be clear at a glance. 2. Make your own action plan and improve your ability. When making an action plan, we should pay attention to the following points: (1) Rationalize, optimize and upgrade the knowledge structure. There are generally three kinds of knowledge structures of supervisors: professional knowledge; Management knowledge; Related knowledge. Only by establishing and perfecting a scientific and reasonable knowledge structure can we effectively support and enhance professional ability. The first category is the traditional knowledge structure, that is, the structure with only one kind of professional knowledge. This is the only knowledge structure, or linear structure. This knowledge structure is far from meeting the requirements of the situation for managers. The second category is T-shaped knowledge structure, or horizontal and vertical structure. The vertical here refers to the depth of a certain professional knowledge; Horizontal here refers to the span or breadth of knowledge related to a certain field. T-type knowledge structure can also be called the static structure of generalist. The knowledge structure of a modern manager is incomplete if it lacks time scalar and does not reflect the index of knowledge update rate. The third category is the T-shaped knowledge structure with the concept of time, or the dynamic structure of generalists. There are three main indicators to measure this knowledge structure: depth, breadth and time. Only such a knowledge structure is the ideal knowledge structure for managers. (2) Make up the shortcomings in combination with occupation and work needs. Generally speaking, I don't advocate making up the shortcomings. I advocate giving full play to my strengths and advantages, and making my strengths longer and advantages better through learning. But if you really need this ability in your current job, you must make up for this missing shortcoming. For example, as a professional manager, if you have shortcomings in the professional knowledge and ability necessary for a professional manager, then you have to make up for it. For example, communication ability is the most basic quality requirement of managers. If you want to develop in management positions, you must make up this lesson, otherwise, you will be incompetent and you will not be able to develop better. If you can't change your personality and habits, and you really can't make up for this lesson, you should consider whether to change your career path, such as taking the road of technological development. (3) How to restrain the mastery and accumulation of one's own knowledge from action must be translated into practice and action, otherwise no matter how much knowledge there is, it can only be an armchair strategist. Therefore, while studying, we must pay attention to applying the knowledge, methods and tools we have learned to our own management practice. For example, you have learned the knowledge and methods about time management, target management and communication management, so you should consciously make an action plan for yourself, how to implement it, how to check your implementation, and how to improve your existing problems and deficiencies. 3. The general self-management ability of managers The general self-management ability of general managers The world management master Peter? Peter Druker said that an effective manager is becoming an extremely important resource of society, and becoming an effective manager has become the main symbol of personal success. And the effective foundation lies in the self-management of managers. In other words, as the backbone and leader of enterprises and teams, if you want to manage others well, you must first manage yourself; If you want to lead others well, you must first lead yourself well. Generally speaking, as a supervisor, you should have nine self-management abilities in self-management. You can exercise and improve yourself purposefully according to your actual situation: (1) Role positioning ability-recognize your self-worth and define your career orientation; (2) management by objectives-grasp the principles of life and define the goals; (3) Time management ability-learn to manage time and focus on control; (4) Efficient communication skills-master communication skills to make ends meet; (5) EQ management ability-improving emotional IQ and harmonious interpersonal relationship; (6) Career management ability-clear career path, strengthen career ... >>
Question 8: How does Xiao Yang help his enterprise to improve the project management level? Generally speaking, he believes that projects are a major way for people to change the world, a major commercial means in the era of knowledge economy, the largest value-added part of enterprises, a ladder for enterprises to advance, and the most common way to promote cooperation across organizational boundaries. Project management refers to a series of methods and means for an organization to fully and reasonably allocate and utilize resources and effectively organize and coordinate various tasks within a certain project scope to achieve the optimal project objectives. Project management has become an important tool for enterprises to enhance their core competitiveness. David Krilan, a famous American scholar, pointed out: "Strategic management and project management will play a key role in coping with global market changes". In the face of increasingly fierce market competition, it is particularly important for enterprises to introduce project management concepts and apply them flexibly in practice if they want to survive and stand out from many peers or maintain their dominant position. More and more enterprises have deeply realized that the level of project management affects and determines the development of enterprises to a great extent. How to improve the project management level of enterprises? This is a problem worthy of in-depth consideration by entrepreneurs and senior management of enterprises. Generally speaking, there are the following methods:
1. Provide professional and continuous project management knowledge training for enterprise employees, especially those involved in project management, and establish corresponding assessment mechanism and incentive mechanism.
2. Promote the concept of "everything is a project" in the whole enterprise, thus strengthening the importance, necessity and universality of project operation and making project management a habit, a way of thinking and an attitude towards life.
3. Introduce information-based project management tools to make the project management ideas truly "land". The integrated project management information system based on project business can meet the operational management needs of multiple business departments while focusing on the project department, support the dynamic management of the whole process, all stages and all resources of the project, realize a standardized, standardized, streamlined and traceable project management work system and smooth information communication channels, and meet the requirements of all departments of the company for accurate, rapid and efficient summary, approval and approval of project information.
Question 9: How to promote the sustainable development of project management "people-oriented" is the need of enterprise safety management and employees' own safety; Implementing people-oriented safety management can realize the transformation from "I want to be safe" to "I want to be safe" and "I will be safe" and realize the harmonious development of enterprises. Keywords: humanistic safety management requires me to be safe, I want to be safe, and I will be safe. Introduction With the development of economy, new technologies, new processes and new materials are constantly emerging, which increases the unsafe factors and harmful factors to human body and adds new difficulties to safety management. How to carry out people-oriented safety management under the new situation? How can we change from "I want to be safe" to "I want to be safe" and "I will be safe"? The author is here to discuss with you. 1 The significance of people-oriented safety management 1. 1 The need of enterprise safety management With the development of enterprises, the production environment is constantly changing and the production technology is constantly improving. The useful safety knowledge and experience in the past may no longer be useful under the new conditions, which requires that learning safety knowledge and training safety skills should be taken as a long-term, regular and continuous work. "People-oriented" management is to take "people" as the center, reduce the hidden dangers of accidents in the production process, prevent accidents and ensure the safe production of enterprises by improving the safety quality of all employees. 1.2 The need for employees' own safety is the most active factor in the production process, the practitioner of safety production and the direct victim of industrial accidents. Everyone knows to cherish life, and everyone is willing to work safely, which is the basic wish of all employees. People-oriented management can help employees enhance their safety awareness and master the necessary safety skills. Employees can actively abide by rules and regulations, strictly implement operating procedures, avoid personal injury and protect their own safety. 2. The key factor of safety management 2. 1 people is the decisive factor. As a member of an enterprise, people have corresponding safety responsibilities in any position; However, people's personalities are different, and their emotions, hobbies and family environment are also different. However, people's working state is influenced by many factors such as psychology, thinking and skills. It is impossible to control people's unsafe behavior like controlling the unsafe state of things. Through education and training, we must change people's concept from "I want to be safe" to "I want to be safe" and achieve "I will be safe", thus successfully solving individual differences. 2.2 Leading cadres are the key factors of enterprise safety management. Enterprise leaders are fully responsible for the safety production of their own units, responsible for establishing and improving the responsibility system for safety production of enterprises, organizing the formulation of safety production rules and regulations and operating procedures, and ensuring the effective implementation of safety production input. Therefore, the concept consciousness of leading cadres is the key factor of enterprise safety management. Whether leading cadres at all levels recognize and attach importance to safety work is closely related to the quality of safe production in enterprises. By learning and accepting relevant safety management concepts and basic knowledge of safety management, leading cadres have a correct understanding of the relationship between production and safety, so that the national safety production principles and policies have been implemented, various safety rules and regulations have been implemented, the investment in safety facilities has been effectively guaranteed, and the hidden dangers of production safety accidents have been eliminated in time. Leading cadres realize that improving the safety quality of employees is the "foundation" of safety work. Strengthen the safety education and publicity work of enterprises, form an atmosphere in which everyone cares about safety, and employees participate in safety work imperceptibly. Leaders can lead by example, not violate the rules, and put safety work on the important agenda, so as to gain the initiative of safety production and make the safety management of enterprises have a new improvement. 2.3 Safety management personnel are an important factor in safety management. The responsibility of safety management personnel is to implement the national laws and regulations on safety production, organize safety inspection activities within enterprises, be responsible for daily inspections, rectify all kinds of hidden dangers in time, and engage in specific safety management and organization. They are the right-hand man and staff officer of the enterprise safety responsible person. Therefore, the requirements for safety management personnel are relatively high, not only should they have extensive safety management knowledge, comprehensive safety technology and organizational ability, so it is necessary to conduct comprehensive, systematic and specialized training and education for them. At ordinary times, we should strengthen daily production management study and professional knowledge training, and also attend special safety management training courses to learn newly promulgated laws and regulations and learn domestic and foreign safety production technologies ... >>