In today's global information tide, the Internet (that is, Internet) has sprung up suddenly, adding infinite vitality to human society at the end of the 20th century and becoming a beautiful landscape in modern social life. Internet brings people not only technology, but also a brand-new way of life marked by information. He is changing people's work and lifestyle. Someone once compared the Internet to Fortress Besieged. The difference is that "people outside want to go in, but people inside don't want to come out." Why is the Internet so attractive? This is not only related to people's growing cultural life, but more importantly, it is related to the continuous updating and revolution of Internet technology.
The overall planning and design of a website is an important part of its development, and it is also an attractive part. With the development of Internet/Intranet technology, people have realized the advantages of Internet/Intranet, and the connection between database and web has become one of the hot technologies in database development.
Usually, most web pages viewed through browsers are static. The so-called "static" means that the content of the website is "fixed". When the browser requests the web server to provide a web page through the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) protocol of the Internet, the server only transmits the static HTML document originally designed to the browser. The content of its page only uses standard HTML code, plus the most popular dynamic pictures in GIF89A format, such as the animation effect of several cats and dogs running around. If the website maintainer wants to update the content of the web page, he must manually update all the HTML documents.
The fatal weakness of static websites is that they are not easy to maintain. In order to update the content of web pages, website maintainers must repeatedly make HTML documents. With the increasing content and information of the website, it is conceivable how complicated and tedious this work is. So, what is a dynamic website? The so-called "dynamic" does not mean that the pictures placed on the web page will move. Dynamic pages should have the following characteristics:
(1) interactivity: that is, Web pages can dynamically change and respond according to customers' requirements and choices, and the browser is the client interface, which is the general trend of web development in the future.
(2) Automatic update: that is, you can automatically generate new pages without manually updating HTML documents, which greatly reduces the workload.
(3) It varies from time to time: that is, different people can generate different pages when they visit the same website at different times, which is especially suitable for websites that need to authorize users.
With the rapid development of the Internet, professional ISP (Internet Service Provider) and ICP (Internet Content Provider), general government agencies, banks, transportation departments, schools, hospitals, service providers and even everyone are actively seeking to publish information on the Internet and provide new online management and services. It can be said that website design and website editing are becoming a new hot industry.
Second, the system analysis of the website
(1). Project start-up
We have received business consultation from our customers. Through continuous contact and understanding between the two sides and basic feasibility discussion, we have reached a preliminary production agreement, so we need to set up this project. A better way is to set up a special project team, including project managers, web designers, programmers, testers, editors/documents and other necessary personnel.
(2). Statement of customer needs
The first step is to ask the customer to provide a complete description of the requirements. Many customers are not very clear about their own needs and need your constant guidance and help to analyze. Some customers may have no clear purpose at all about what kind of website they want to build, and have no idea about what to do after their website is built. In order to make customers have a clear purpose, we need to explain patiently, analyze carefully and dig out the potential and real needs of customers. It's good for everyone. Our aim should be "customers understand clearly and both sides are happy." It is a responsibility to customers and also a responsibility to yourself.
It will take a lot of time to write a detailed and complete demand statement with customers, but it is worthwhile to do so, and it must be satisfied by customers and signed off. Doing this well can prevent many mistakes and project failures caused by unclear or misunderstood requirements. Poor requirements mean that it is impossible to have a high-quality website. So what standards should the requirement specification meet? In short, it includes the following points: correctness: each function must clearly describe the delivered function; Feasibility: Ensure that each requirement can be realized under the current development capability and system environment; Necessity: whether the function must be delivered, whether it can be delayed, and whether it can be "cut" when cutting expenses; Simple: don't use professional network terms; Detectability: If the development is completed, the customer can carry out detection as required.
Third, the construction scheme
(1). The concept of building a station
(1) Early planning
Designing a home page is not necessarily difficult. But this work, like the preparation of traditional publicity materials, needs our careful handling and planning. In other words, we must first determine the main information that needs to be conveyed, and then carefully consider and reasonably organize all the ideas; Then design a page style, try it with representative users, and then modify it repeatedly.
(2) try to streamline
The homepage is like the cover of a book, attracting users to browse the content of your website. Therefore, the design of the homepage should be eye-catching and clear at a glance. Don't pile up too many unnecessary details and don't make the picture too complicated. List three main points clearly on the homepage, such as the name of the organization, the products or services provided, and the content of the homepage (that is, what information does your other pages contain). It should be remembered that the first impression a page gives is the most important. There are many people browsing everywhere on the Internet. If your homepage is really unattractive, it's hard for them to watch it deeply.
(3) Keep it as simple as possible
Nowadays, most users use modems to connect to the World Wide Web, so they usually spend a lot of time waiting for the home page to be transmitted to their own systems. The graphics on the homepage should be as simple as possible to avoid wasting users' time. The larger the image and the darker the color, the longer it takes to transfer the page. This is not to say that you should omit the image completely, but to remind you to pay attention to the effect caused by using the image. The color of the home page should not exceed 64 colors, and the top picture should be kept below 10KB (kilobytes). Don't be tempted into the big picture; Just consider three or two short and pithy pictures. The homepage as a whole should be able to spread quickly. If the loading time exceeds 10 to 15 seconds, many users will be impatient. If the situation permits, it's best to test the transmission rate of your home page, 14.4 kilobaud modem, or connect to the World Wide Web through online services such as Prodigy.
In addition, we should also pay attention to the lowest-end devices, such as the standard small display screen. Don't think that everyone is using a large screen with high resolution. It is ok to use some advanced browsing software to provide cutting-edge functions, but you should ensure that your home page can still be displayed smoothly on secondary browsing software (such as special browsing software provided by some online services).
(4) Make good use of images
Users are roaming on the Internet, and you must try to attract and keep their attention to your home page. One of the most important resources of the World Wide Web is its multimedia capability, so we should make good use of it. It is best to have eye-catching pictures, novel pictures and beautiful fonts on the home page to make it unique and unforgettable. The content of the image should have a certain practical effect, not grandiose. The best image should be the combination of beauty and communication. Note that pictures can make up for the lack of words, but they can't completely replace words. Many users set up browsing software to omit pictures in order to save time. They can only read words. Therefore, when making the home page, we must pay attention to the important information brought by repeating pictures once and for all or the instructions of linking words to other pages. Test the completed home page in "plain text" mode to ensure that all information is conveyed.
(5) Make the homepage easy to roam.
One of the main functions of the home page is as a roaming tool to guide users to find the information you have stored on the website or elsewhere. Make the roaming process as easy as possible. For clarity and speed, the linked items on the home page should be limited to several advanced categories, such as companies, products, services and support. It is ideal to use six to eight connection items.
If you have enough resources, you should find an expert to evaluate whether the homepage you designed is convenient and easy to use. Try to find some users who are not familiar with the homepage to try out your preliminary finished product.
(6) lift the net to help the collar.
Home Page-Generally, the following items must be included:
Title, this title must clearly indicate your website. The title can be a name, a slogan, a logo or an image.
E-mail address so that users can notify you when they encounter problems.
Copyright information, which is a copyright regulation applicable to home page content. You can mark a short copyright notice on the home page and bring out another page with detailed terms of use through the link to avoid the clutter on the home page.
Contact information, list mailing address and telephone number, etc.
(7) Recycling existing information
When making a homepage, we usually don't need to start from scratch, because there are many ready-made words, pictures and other materials for us to use repeatedly, such as brochures, public relations documents, technical manuals, databases and so on. In many cases, these materials can be transferred to web pages with a little effort.
(8) Keep fresh
New things appear constantly on the world wide web, and there are new tricks every day. If your homepage never changes, users will soon get bored. Announcing new information on the home page will attract users to browse again. You might as well announce the new news in the title at the top of the page. You can periodically change the image on the home page or the style of the home page. Interesting items can be updated continuously or automatically, such as listing the number of people who will visit your website.
Similarly, in order to keep fresh, we should always ensure that the home page provides the latest information. Incorporate the work of updating homepage information into the established public relations and data preparation plan, that is, when you use traditional methods (such as press releases) to deliver new information, it will appear on your homepage. Ensure the smooth progress of the connection project, and avoid the user getting bored by receiving the message "unable to access the required file" on the screen.
(9) Fulfill the promise
Don't promise things you can't do easily. Don't let users reply casually, for example, let users fill in loan advance orders, unless you have worked out the methods and delivery processes for handling these orders. If you list your contact number online, make sure you can solve the caller's problem quickly.
(10) Attract users to browse
Since we have racked our brains to make the homepage beautiful and practical, it's a pity that no one has come to appreciate it. In order to attract all the people in the network to browse, it is necessary to make the home page easy to find. Notify other websites (for example, websites related to topics) that they may want to connect to your home page. Arrange to list your website in all relevant website directories, indexes, search programs and "What's New" pages. Spread the website as much as possible to make it appear on the internet and all traditional coal bodies, such as book advertisements, public relations documents, promotional materials, etc.
On the website, each page is set with a "Home" button, which is convenient for users to return to the home page at any time.
(2). The overall design of the website
After getting the customer's demand description, we don't directly start production, but need to design the project as a whole and design the website construction plan in detail for the customer. Overall design is a very critical step. Mainly determine: what functions the website needs to realize; What software is used for website development and under what hardware environment; How many people and how much time are needed; What are the rules and standards to follow? At the same time, you need to write a master plan, including: columns and sections of the website; Functions of the website and corresponding procedures; The link structure of the website; If there is a database, carry out the conceptual design of the database; Interactive and user-friendly website design.
After the overall design is completed, it is generally necessary to give customers a website construction plan. Many web production companies are required to provide solutions when contacting business. At that time, the scheme was general, and when the customer's demand was not very clear, it was often very different from the actual production results. Therefore, it is beneficial to both parties to try to gain the understanding of customers and submit the scheme after defining the requirements and overall design. The website construction plan includes the following parts: customer situation analysis; The goals and objectives that the website needs to achieve; Website image description; The columns and structure of the website; The arrangement of website content and the relationship between links; Use software, hardware and technical analysis instructions; Development schedule; Publicity and promotion plan; Maintenance plan; Production cost; Company profile: description of successful works, technologies and talents. When your solution is approved by customers, you can start making websites. But this is not real production, you need to carry out detailed design.
(3). Detailed website design
In the overall design stage, the solution to the problem is put forward in a more abstract way. The task of the detailed design stage is to concretize the solution. The detailed design is mainly aimed at the program development part. But the purpose of this stage is not to really write the program, but to design the detailed specifications of the program. The function of this specification is very similar to the engineering blueprint often used by engineers in other engineering fields. They should contain necessary details, such as program interface, forms, required data, etc. Programmers can write actual program code according to them. This time, we mainly use ASP to realize related functions and solve related problems. Such as bulletin board BBS, chat room, information release system, online supermarket, etc. They all use ASP to realize human-computer interaction function, and also use the technology of calling database.
ASP(ActiveServerPages) is a Web application development technology introduced by Microsoft, and it is also a script running environment on the server side. Using this technology, we can develop dynamic and interactive Web applications.
ASP can be used to generate and execute dynamic high-performance WEB server programs. When a user requests an ASP homepage with a browser, the WEB server responds, calls the ASP engine to execute the ASP file, and explains the scripting language (JScript or VBScript). The database is connected by ODBC, and the database operation is completed by the database access component ADO. Finally, ASP generates an HTML page containing data query results or other responses, and sends it back to the client for display.
ASP programs usually run in Windows NT+IIS (Internet Information Server), or Windows2000+IIS, or Windows 95/98+PWS (Personal Web Server) environment. Its program code is simple and universal, and its file name is named as. asp。 ASP files usually consist of four parts: standard HTML tags; ASP syntax command, that is, ASP code in the tag; Server-side include statement; And scripting languages, that is, ASP comes with two scripting languages, JScript and VBScript, to increase the programming functions of ASP. Users can also install other scripting languages, such as Per.
ASP provides six built-in objects for users to call directly to realize page interaction: Application object is responsible for managing all session information and can be used in specified applications.