This paper analyzes the influence of e-commerce on logistics and its management, involving all aspects, operational links and functional links of logistics, and puts forward some views on the relationship between e-commerce and logistics. Here are some related materials I shared for your reference.
First, the relationship between e-commerce and logistics
E-commerce and business flow, capital flow, information flow and logistics. The essence of e-commerce is commerce, and the core content of commerce is commodity trading, while commodity fairs involve four aspects: the transfer of commodity ownership, the payment of money, the acquisition and application of relevant information, and the transfer of commodities themselves. That is, business flow, capital flow, information flow and logistics. Among them, the information flow not only includes the provision of commodity information, promotion and marketing, technical support and after-sales service, but also includes business documents such as inquiry, quotation, payment notice and transfer notice, as well as the payment ability and payment reputation of both parties to the transaction. Business flow refers to the movement process of commodity trading and the transfer of commodity ownership between purchase and sale, specifically referring to a series of activities of commodity trading. Capital flow mainly refers to the transfer process of funds, including payment, transfer and other processes. In the e-commerce environment, these four parts are different from the traditional situation. Business flow, capital flow and information flow can all be handled by computers and network communication equipment. As the most special of the four streams, logistics refers to the flow process of material entities, specifically referring to various activities such as transportation, storage, distribution, loading and unloading, warehousing and logistics information management. For a few goods and services, they can be delivered directly through network transmission, such as various electronic publications and information consulting services. For most goods and services, logistics still needs to be transmitted by physical means.
(B) the relationship between e-commerce and logistics. E-commerce is a fundamental revolution in the commercial field. However, the actual situation of its development in China is far less than expected, and the lag of logistics capacity is an important reason.
Second, the impact of e-commerce on logistics
Because of the close relationship between e-commerce and logistics, the revolution of e-commerce will inevitably have a great impact on logistics. This kind of influence is all-round, from the status of logistics industry to logistics organization mode, to logistics operation and functional links, great changes will take place under the influence of e-commerce.
(A) the impact of e-commerce on the logistics industry
1, the status of the logistics industry has been greatly improved. E-commerce is a high-tech and information revolution. It virtualizes and informatizes physical and transaction processing such as business, advertising, ordering, purchasing, payment, authentication, etc., making it information that can be processed without entity on the computer network, and electronizing information processing, strengthening information processing and weakening entity processing. This will inevitably lead to the adjustment of industrial structure, some original industries and enterprises will be gradually compressed or even extinct, and some industries and enterprises will be expanded and supplemented.
As a result of industrial restructuring, there may actually be only two types of industries left in society. One is industry, including manufacturing and logistics. The other is the information industry, including services, finance, information processing and so on. In terms of industry, logistics enterprises will gradually grow.
Logistics enterprises will be strengthened more and more, because in the e-commerce environment, they must undertake more important tasks: not only to deliver the goods of virtual stores to users, but also to purchase goods from production enterprises in time. Logistics companies are not only warehouses of production enterprises, but also physical suppliers of users. Logistics enterprises have become the only most concentrated and extensive entity suppliers representing all production enterprises and user suppliers. The logistics industry has become the leader and coordinator of the social production chain, providing all-round logistics services for the society. It can be seen that e-commerce has promoted the logistics industry to an unprecedented height and provided it with unprecedented development opportunities.
2. Changes in supply chain management. (1) Short circuit in supply chain. In the traditional supply chain channel, products flow from production enterprises to consumers through multi-layer distributors, which has caused many problems. Nowadays, e-commerce shortens the distance between manufacturers and end users in the supply chain and changes the structure of the traditional market. Enterprises can communicate directly with customers through their own websites, bypassing traditional distributors. Although many commercial websites of non-production enterprises continue to play the role of traditional distributors, because they are directly interconnected with production enterprises and consumers, they are only a virtual intermediary of information and organization, and there is no need to establish a multi-layer physical distribution network (including personnel and store facilities) or inventory, thus still reducing the circulation cost, shortening the circulation time and shortening the logistics path. (2) What is the flow direction of goods in the supply chain? Push? Become? Pull? . In the e-commerce environment, the supply chain has been integrated, suppliers, retailers and consumers are connected through the Internet, and suppliers such as POS and EOS can timely and accurately grasp product sales information and customer information. At this point, the inventory management adopts the reaction method, and organizes the production of products and supplies to retailers according to the obtained information, and the flow direction of inventory becomes? Pull? , can completely eliminate the above two shortcomings and realize sales. Zero inventory? .
(B) the impact of e-commerce on all aspects of logistics business
1, purchasing. Traditional procurement is extremely complicated. The buyer must complete a series of complicated and tedious tasks, such as finding suitable suppliers, inspecting products, placing orders, receiving delivery notices and goods invoices. In the e-commerce environment, the procurement process of enterprises will become simple and smooth.
In recent years, some large international companies use EDI on private networks to reduce labor, printing and mailing costs in the procurement process. Usually the company can save 5 ~ 10% of the procurement cost. Compared with the Internet, it can further reduce the procurement cost. Compared with private value-added networks, large companies can get more benefits from the lower transmission cost of the Internet. Internet has also opened a door for small and medium-sized enterprises. Through Internet procurement, you can reach a wider range of suppliers, which leads to more intense competition, on the other hand, it also reduces the procurement cost.
Step 2 distribute
(1) The position of the circulation industry has been strengthened. In the early stage of its development, distribution mainly played a role as a means of promotion. According to some scholars' research, the buyer's market pattern of oversupply is a suitable environment for promoting and developing distribution. This shows that before the emergence of e-commerce, the fundamental reason for distribution is to promote sales. At this level, the status of the distribution building is not high, and the development is not too fast. The implementation of the distribution system in China is not very smooth. For example, in Wuxi, one of the pilot cities, the total amount of materials distributed reached 800 million yuan and 1992 and 1993 respectively, but it dropped to 800 million yuan in 1995 and less than 800 million yuan in 1996. In the era of e-commerce, B2C logistics support is provided by distribution, and B2B logistics business will be gradually outsourced to third-party logistics, and its supply mode is also distribution system. Without distribution, e-commerce logistics cannot be realized, and e-commerce cannot be realized. The fate of e-commerce is linked with the distribution industry. At the same time, e-commerce enables manufacturing and retail? Zero inventory? In fact, the inventory is transferred to the distribution center, so the distribution center has become the warehouse of the whole society. Therefore, the status of the distribution industry has been greatly improved.
In fact, for the e-commerce trading model itself, buyers can easily click to complete the purchase, and buyers will inevitably deliver the goods to their doors. Otherwise, what is the significance of buyers choosing this trading model? So to some extent, the logistics model in the e-commerce era is the distribution model.
(2) The distribution center becomes the gathering center of business flow, information flow and logistics. What was logistics, business flow and information flow before? Third-rate separation? Yes, and informatization, socialization and modern logistics distribution center organically combine the three. Is it inseparable to engage in distribution business? Third-rate? Information flow is the most important. In fact, both business flow and logistics are operated under the guidance of information flow. Smooth, accurate and timely information can fundamentally ensure the high quality and efficiency of business flow and logistics.
Three. Concluding remarks
As two major means of modern circulation, e-commerce and logistics are closely related. The current rise of e-commerce has had a great impact on traditional logistics organizations. This paper studies the relationship between e-commerce and logistics. What is the relationship between them? Really or not? The relationship. Then, the influence of e-commerce on logistics and its management is analyzed from many angles, and it is concluded that the status of logistics industry has been greatly improved, the supply chain has been short-circuited, and the third-party logistics has become the main form of logistics enterprises in the e-commerce environment. From the perspective of procurement and distribution, procurement will be more convenient, the price will be lower, the scale and status of distribution will be greatly improved, and it will become a gathering center of business flow, information flow and logistics. From each functional link of logistics, inventory centralization is realized; Centralized inventory leads to centralized transportation. Transportation is divided into primary transportation and secondary transportation, which is more convenient? Multimodal transport service? Widely available; The information of opening circulation becomes the main basis of logistics operation.
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