Flightless Birds The largest bird in the world is the African ostrich, but the ostrich is a flightless bird.
The ostrich can't fly mainly because it is too big, its wings are extremely degraded, and it is too small to be in harmony with other parts of its body. The ostrich is 2~3 meters high, 2 meters long from the tip of its mouth to the tip of its tail, and weighs about 90 kilograms.
Such a heavy body can't fly with a few feather wings. Although ostriches can't fly, they can run fast, catch up with thoroughbred horse races, and have strong feet, which can hurt people.
Flightless birds and penguins. Penguin wings have become a special kind of flippers.
Because of the influence of living environment, penguin wings are no longer flying tools, but "sculls" when penguins swim in the water. In New Zealand, there is another kind of bird that people are not familiar with. This bird is called kiwi, also called wingless bird. Its wings are almost completely degraded and have no motor function. The kiwi is naturally a flightless bird.
It's strange that hummingbirds say they are birds but they can't fly, but what's even more rare is that some of the flying birds can fly backwards. Hummingbird is such a special kind of bird that can fly backwards. Hummingbird is the smallest bird in the world. Its body is only bigger than bees, and its wings are only 3.5 cm apart. So hummingbirds can only fly in the air by flapping their wings at a very fast speed, like insects, and the speed of flapping their wings reaches 50 times per second.
Hummingbirds can not only fly backwards, but also "stop" in the air. When it "stops" in the air, it sucks the juice of flowers or pecks insects with its thin mouth. At this time, a white cloud halo will flash on both sides of its body and make a special buzzing sound. This is the halo and sound produced by hummingbirds constantly flapping their wings. When the hummingbird flies among the flowers, it has a slender mouth and bright feathers. All birds have one thing in common, that is, their metabolism is very fast, and this tiny hummingbird is more prominent.
Its normal body temperature is 43 degrees, and its heartbeat reaches 6 15 times per minute. The weight of food consumed every day and night is twice its weight.
There are about 300 species of hummingbirds, most of which live in Central and South America. Interesting bird rooms are like human beings who want to build a house and live in peace. The birdhouse is actually its nest.
What kind of house is built, what building materials are used to build rooms, and where the house is built are all very interesting. Swallow is a master craftsman.
It built a "house" with a wonderful clay sculpture process. Small pieces of soil and clay taken out of the mouth are bonded by saliva, which is a natural adhesive produced by swallows. Hemisphere is the habitat space of domestic swallows; The upper part of the "living room" of the hairy-footed swallow is closed in darkness and passes through a side door; Jin Siyan's "house" is made of exquisite materials. It is made of its own saliva mixed with seaweed. No wonder, people like houses built with this advanced "imported" material, and regard them as nourishing treasures. I don't know how many bird's nests are buried in people's stomachs, and the "house" is eaten by greedy people.
A swift named Gevajema uses plant fibers and saliva to build its nest. Because the building materials are light and tough, this "house" can be hung high on tiny branches. Nestle is still hanging on the slender branches. It is made of plant hair, which is softer and lighter. It looks like the sparrow's room is more like a flask made of wool felt.
Living in such a house, they become "birds in a bottle" instead of what is usually called "caged birds". Frightened birds, woodpeckers, owls and tits all make their homes in tree holes.
Among them, only woodpeckers pecked out tree holes by their own efforts, and the rest of the birds used old tree holes or naturally formed tree holes in vain, so they could only live in old houses all their lives. Kingfishers (also called fish dogs) and grey sand swallows specially choose to dig holes on steep river banks, and they expand more space at the end of the long and narrow caves they have worked so hard to dig.
Kingfisher is a kind of bird that eats fish. It even uses fish bones and fish scales as interior decoration materials-the kingfisher's nest is covered with fish scales and fish bones. Carvings, eagles and kites are all fierce birds. Although they are large in scale and the "houses" they built are spacious and bright, the quality of the projects is poor.
Their nests are made of branches of different thickness and length, which look like scaffolding built by people, both crude and rough. In sharp contrast, there is a very common bird in Russia, but it has been carefully designed and built to build an extremely exquisite room. They carefully selected building materials-lichen, moss and elm bark-to weave beautiful houses from the outside to the inside. This nest is disguised as the trunk and branches of lichen growing.
It is worth mentioning that the African Xiamen bird can be seen from the word "summer" in its name. Xiamen birds form an umbrella-shaped hut, and then under the same roof, pairs of birds build their own hut-hanging nests. This kind of nest (shack) like a dormitory looks like a big clock, while its independent hanging nest looks like a pendulum. When the wind blows, it seems to make a metallic sound! The protective color of birds is so high that birds can fly. While giving birds extraordinary mobility, nature has not forgotten to give them some colors to protect themselves from fierce animals.
Although the protective color of birds is not as good as that of insects, fish and mammals as a whole, birds accustomed to nesting on the ground have a strong protective color, because activities on land are more vulnerable to hostile attacks than in the air. When female prairie dogs, partridges and larks lie quietly in their nests to hatch their eggs, their body colors often blend well with their surroundings and are not easily noticed by the outside world.
This is true, even for a bird as big as a catfish. The reason why the mother bird can sit in the nest and hatch her baby is because her protective color gives them enough confidence and security.
He said that in general, the protective color and activity ability of birds are closely related to the activity mode. The chicks of crested pheasant, golden pheasant and partridge are growing female hair.
2. Knowledge introduced by Bird's Nest
The Bird's Nest can accommodate more than 90,000 spectators. The opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be held here, and Olympic track and field and football competitions will also be hosted here. The construction of the "Bird's Nest" began in June 2003.
After the Olympic Games, the "Bird's Nest" can host large-scale sports competitions, all kinds of regular events and non-competition events. It is a landmark building of the Beijing Olympic Games, will be a precious legacy left by the Beijing Olympic Games, and will also become a large-scale professional place for Beijing citizens to participate in sports activities and enjoy sports and entertainment.
The design scheme of the National Stadium was produced by the global design bidding competition, and was jointly designed by Swiss Herzog and De Mellon design firms, Arup Engineering Consultants and the design consortium of China Architectural Design and Research Institute.
The main body of the design scheme consists of a series of radial steel frames rotating around the bowl-shaped seating area, with scientific and concise structure and novel and unique design. It is a giant building with international characteristics.
It is named "Bird's Nest" because it resembles the crack of porcelain and the shape of "Bird's Nest".
3. Kneel for information about the Bird's Nest.
There are more than 8900 kinds of birds on the earth.
When breeding, the number of eggs is 1, and the number of eggs is 10. The time required to hatch eggs varies from 10 days to several months.
How can these eggs not roll away during hatching and be protected from natural enemies? Nest! The Bird's Nest is the safest and most reliable "home" for birds and the warmest cradle for chicks. No matter what kind of bird it is, nesting is a very huge and arduous "project", which requires painstaking labor.
Swallows, sparrows and magpies are familiar "neighbors". They often nest under the eaves of human houses and on the branches of courtyard gardens. Careful ornithologists have made accurate records. During the four or five days when a pair of grey magpies built their nests, * * * took 666 nest materials, including 253 dead branches, 0/54 green leaves, 23 grass roots, 82 cow hairs and 54 mud balls.
A goldfinch's nest weighs only 53.2 grams, but there are 753 nest materials in total. Louyan, who nests on towers, temples and other buildings, needs to grab small snails and nesting materials such as soil, grass sticks and saliva from the distant river mud beach, and then build a bowl-shaped nest bit by bit, which takes 1 week.
Its close relative, Jin Siyan, has well-developed salivary glands, and can build a nest with pure saliva, which condenses and dries as soon as the wind blows, thus building a translucent small bowl-shaped nest. After this kind of bird's nest processing, it is a precious tonic-bird's nest, which has been famous all over the world since ancient times.
The hornbill, a rare bird in the world, chose a natural cave on a tall tree trunk as a nesting site to build a cage nest. Qi Xin, a couple, works together. The male bird frequently carries soil, while the female bird sits in the hole, spits out a lot of mucus from her stomach and mixes it with the mud ball, and seals the tree hole with it, leaving only a hole in front, where she can stick out her mouth.
Throughout the incubation period, females are fed by males. In order to build beautiful new houses to attract their spouses, bowerbirds living in tropical rain forests in Australia always choose secluded places with ventilation and light, sufficient forest space, food and water, and then take branches 20~30 cm long everywhere to build two dense fences on both sides of the cleaned ground, with the middle as an aisle; At the end of the corridor, there is also a "dance floor", and the whole structure is like a small and exquisite courtyard.
More interestingly, it also collects colorful objects everywhere, such as flowers and colorful feathers, and displays them on dance floors and fences. Ornithologists have observed that males take away withered flowers and berries every day, replace them with flowers and fruits, and decorate the "small courtyard" with colorful colors.
There are many bird's nests built in very hidden places and disguised. Claudia is a talented disguise teacher. In the litter layer on the surface, she weaved a spherical nest with branch fibers and grass stalks, and then covered it with a lot of moss and various branches and leaves, exposing only an irregular black hole for parents to enter and leave.
There is also a kind of buried bird that "nests but doesn't hatch eggs". Its nest is built under the forest. First, it dug a big pit, and a lot of leaves were piled in the pit, which was padded with solid soil.
In this way, a layer of leaves and a layer of land are piled up until a large mound with a diameter of 3-4 meters and a height of 1.5 meters is built, and then a hole is dug at the top of the mound and eggs are buried in it. The temperature required for hatching eggs is provided by the fermentation of leaves in the mound.
As one of the aristocratic families in the water town, they feed, sleep and mate in the water, and they nest in quiet shallow reed ponds or cattails. They bend the stalks protruding out of the water, overlap and weave them, fill them with the surrounding cattail and other things, and spread a layer of soft hay and residual feathers in the middle to form a thick cake-like floating nest.
Young people crawl on the nest, drifting with the waves and carefree. Kingfishers, common in waters, love to eat fish.
Kingfishers have a strong nesting ability. It relies on a huge chisel-like mouth to dig holes and nest on the cliff wall of soil. When digging a hole, you hover in front of the cliff like a helicopter, then suddenly rush forward and hit the earth cliff again and again.
As soon as the outline of the earth hole began to take shape, the kingfisher got into the hole, dug up the soil and quickly scraped the broken soil out of the hole with his feet. So straight ahead, half a meter deep, the bottom expands into a spherical nest room.
Interestingly, the interior is full of snow-white fish bones and scales. Nesting is not a unique skill of birds, but the nesting technology of birds is unparalleled in the animal kingdom.
Author: Li ChengyueNo.: Zongdi 176 From: Science and Life Country: The Role of Chinese Bird's Nest Nesting is a remarkable feature in bird breeding activities. The breeding of birds generally begins with nesting activities and ends when young birds leave the nest.
The effects of bird's nest on the reproductive development of birds mainly include the following aspects. (1) Bird's nest can prevent eggs from rolling away and making them pile up in clusters.
For birds with large eggs, it is especially important to keep the eggs in a pile. If all the eggs are kept under the body of the mother bird, the embryo can develop at the temperature of the mother bird. (2) Bird's nest is beneficial for parents to feed their young birds and avoid enemies.
Because many birds can nest in very hidden places, plus some camouflage, it is difficult for natural enemies to find their nests. Some birds make full use of their flight advantages to build their nests on cliffs or among tall branches, so that natural enemies can't find them even if they find them.
(3) The nest can keep the optimum temperature for the development of eggs and chicks. For the chicks of late birds, the body temperature is not constant in the first few days after hatching, and it is easy to change with the change of environmental temperature, so parents need to heat them as often as when incubating eggs, and the nest plays a role in slowing down the heat loss.
For example, the temperature in the tree hole is higher than the ambient temperature 1~7℃. (4) Nesting behavior is beneficial to the reproductive behavior of birds.
Nest-building and nesting activities of birds are important factors in the sexual and physiological activities of paired birds. Especially when birds start to build nests or in nests, the signals from visual and tactile organs can promote the accelerated secretion of estrogen in the body through the synthesis of the brain, so that the eggs in the body can mature and be discharged quickly without interruption of reproductive behavior.
Many birds can't recognize their nests. As soon as they saw their nest, they went back to hatch their eggs. Even if the eggs in the nest are replaced with glass balls or stones, some birds will hatch eggs regardless. But if its nest is destroyed, the hatching behavior will stop immediately.
4. Information about bird knowledge
1, Aves: a class of vertebrates. Body feather, constant temperature, oviparous, amniotic membrane outside the embryo. Forelimbs have wings and sometimes degenerate. Multi-battalion flying life. The heart has two atria and two ventricles. Bones are porous and full of gas.
In addition to the lungs, the respiratory organs also have airbags to assist breathing. Birds on the earth are divided into six categories: swimming birds, wading birds, climbing birds, walking birds, raptors and songbirds.
2. There are 1 186 species in China. According to the ecological habits and morphological characteristics of birds, they can be roughly divided into six ecological groups: songbirds, climbing birds, raptors, land birds, wading birds and swimming birds. All kinds of birds have also undergone some special adaptive changes in morphological structure and physiological functions.
3. Songbirds
Songbirds are generally small, agile, lively and dexterous, good at singing and nesting. Such as lark, oriole, big tits, magpies and Ye Ying.
There is a vocal tube under the throat of songbirds, which consists of a vocal cavity and a vocal membrane. The vocal organs (vocal ducts and vocal muscles) are well developed. Songbirds are the largest of the six groups, accounting for about 3/5 of the world's birds.
Myna and myna kept in captivity at home are also songbirds, and they can even imitate people's simple language after training.
4. Climbing birds
Birds are good at climbing rocks, stone walls, earth walls and trees, such as woodpeckers, cuckoos, Dai Sheng and parrots.
Climbing birds have a special beak, foot and tail structure: the beak is as sharp as a chisel and good at pecking; The feet are strong and the toes have changed a lot.
Such as woodpecker's four toes, two toes forward and two toes backward, suitable for climbing trees to fix the body; The tail feather shaft is tough, and the tail feather plays the role of supporting weight.
5. Land birds
Most land birds are active in foraging on the ground. Generally, the difference between male and female is obvious, and the male birds are more gorgeous, such as brown eared pheasant, ring-necked pheasant, golden pheasant with red belly and quail, which are unique to China.
Land birds are strong, hard-beaked and bow-shaped, suitable for pecking; Wings are short and round, so they can't fly far; Strong hind legs, suitable for walking and digging on the ground.
6. Raptor
Raptors have developed visual organs and powerful wings. They can soar or glide in the air and prey on prey in the air, water or underground, such as golden eagles, falcons and owls.
Raptors usually have sharp beaks and claws that bend downward like hooks, which is good for tearing prey; Feathers are dull in color, mainly gray, brown, black and brown, flying silently and not easy to be found by predators.
7, involving poultry
Wading birds are suitable for wading, not good at swimming, but good at flying, with beautiful posture. Such as night heron, red-crowned crane, demoiselle crane, oriental stork, etc. The appearance of wading birds has the characteristics of "three long", that is, the beak (mouth) is long, the neck is long, and the hind limbs (legs and feet) are long, which is suitable for wading and predation.
Because the beak and neck are long and flexible, the long beak can be immersed in water or foraging on the ground, while the long legs can prey and move in deeper waters, and the length of the feet is closely related to the wading depth.
8. Swimming birds
Most birds live on the water, get food in the water, and are good at swimming and diving, but they are not good at walking on land, and fly very fast, such as black swan, mandarin duck, mallard duck and domestic goose.
Swimming birds generally have flat, wide or sharp mouths, which are suitable for filtering food or pecking fish in water; Feathers are thick and dense, and the down is developed, which constitutes an effective warm layer; The fat glands in the tail are developed, which can secrete a lot of oil. You can apply the whole body feathers with your mouth to protect them from being soaked by water.
There's webbed toes. When swimming, straighten your feet backwards and paddle hard, just like paddling, just like Luo described in the poem "Ode to Goose" that "white hair floats with green water and red palm stirs up waves".
References:
Sogou Encyclopedia-Birds, Xinhuanet-What do you know about birds?
5. Knowledge about birds
Birds are a subclass of vertebrates in taxonomy.
(Photo: Brown-eared pheasant) The main characteristics of birds are: most of them can fly. The body surface is covered with feathers, the forelimbs generally become wings (some kinds of wings degenerate), and the bones are porous and full of air; The heart has two atria and two ventricles.
The body temperature is constant. In addition to the lungs, the respiratory organs also have airbags protruding from the lung wall to help the lungs breathe twice.
Egg-laying birds are bipedal, constant-temperature, egg-laying vertebrates, covered with feathers, with wings on their forelimbs and a hard beak.
Birds vary in size, from tiny hummingbirds to giant ostriches and emus (a big flightless bird from Australia). There are many kinds of birds, which are distributed all over the world and have diverse ecology. Now birds can be divided into three major families.
Flat-chested suborder includes a bird that is good at walking but can't fly, such as ostrich. Penguins include a class of birds that are good at swimming and diving but can't fly, such as penguins.
The order Convex Chest includes birds with developed wings that can fly, and most birds belong to this order. At present, there are more than 9,000 known species of birds in the world, among which there are more than 1300 recorded in China alone, and many of them are endemic to China (see the list of endemic birds in China).
About 120- 130 species of birds have become extinct. Compared with other terrestrial vertebrates, birds have many unique physiological characteristics. Birds eat all kinds of food, including nectar, seeds, insects, fish, carrion or other birds.
Most birds move during the day, and some birds (such as owls) move at night or at dusk. Many birds migrate long distances to find the best habitat (such as Arctic terns), and some birds spend most of their time at sea (such as albatrosses).
Most birds can fly, but a few flat-breasted birds can't, especially the birds living on the island, which have basically lost their ability to fly. Birds that can't fly include penguins, ostriches, kiwis (a wingless bird from New Zealand) and extinct dodos.
When humans or other mammals invade their habitats, these flightless birds will be more likely to become extinct, such as the fear birds in great auk and New Zealand. Birds (4 14 BC) is also one of aristophanes's representative works, and it is the only existing comedy with the theme of myth and fantasy.
In the play, two Athenians and a flock of birds set up a "country of birds in the clouds" between heaven and earth. This country is an ideal society, there is no distinction between rich and poor, there is no exploitation, and labor is the only condition for survival.
This comedy satirizes the parasitic life in Athens and is the earliest work describing the ideal society in the history of European literature. As far as artistry is concerned, Birds is undoubtedly aristophanes's best work.
The plot in the play is rich and colorful, and the birds played by the chorus go in and out of the forest with colorful colors. The whole play is full of fantasy and lyrical atmosphere.
Among aristophanes's plays, this comedy has the most complete structure. In nature, birds are the most beautiful in appearance and pleasant in sound among all vertebrates, and are deeply loved by people.
From the poles of ice and snow, to the roof of the world, from the rough sea to the dense jungle, from the barren desert to the densely populated city, almost all birds are found. Birds are a kind of higher vertebrates adapted to flying in the air, which evolved from a branch of reptiles.
At present, the earliest bird known is archaeopteryx, and the first archaeopteryx fossil was found in southern Germany in 186 1. Archaeopteryx not only has the characteristics of birds, but also has some similarities with reptiles, which is a strong evidence that birds evolved from reptiles.
Birds are covered with feathers, and their bodies are streamlined, with forelimbs turning into wings and hind limbs forming feet to support their weight. They can all fly except a few. A bird's mouth is called a beak. Because it feeds in the soil, its beak is generally long and narrow, and there are no teeth in its mouth.
This bird is a warm-blooded animal with a high body temperature, usually 42℃. There is a well-developed keel process on the sternum of birds, and the bones are hollow and inflated, which is the skeletal structural feature of birds to adapt to flying life.
There are many kinds of birds, second only to fish among vertebrates. There are more than 9,000 known species of birds in the world, and there are165,438+086 species in China.
These birds are quite different in size, shape, color and living habits. Among so many birds, the largest is the ostrich, which is the "giant" among birds.
The African ostrich is 2.75 meters tall and weighs up to 165.5 kg. The smallest hummingbird in South America is only 50 mm long and weighs the same as a coin.
Birds can fly, but not all birds can fly. For example, the ostrich's wings have degenerated, its sternum is small and flat, and there is no keel protrusion, so it can't fly.
Penguins are specialized seabirds, whose wings have become fins and lost the ability to fly. Although some birds can fly, they fly a short distance. For example, a chicken can't fly high because of its short wings.
Most birds have strong flying ability. Among the birds, the vulture flies the highest, which can fly over 9000 meters.
The fastest flight is the goshawk, and the fastest speed of short-distance flight can reach more than 600 kilometers per hour. The longest flight distance is tern, which can fly from the South Pole to the far North Pole, with a journey of about 1.76 thousand kilometers.
Birds have strong metabolism and digestion, so they eat more. Hummingbirds, for example, consume twice their body weight in a day. Some birds eat 10%~30% of their body weight every day.
Most birds are omnivorous and not very picky. Every spring and autumn, birds fly in groups in the sky, covering the sun. This seasonal phenomenon of changing habitats in different seasons, or moving from nesting sites to wintering sites, or returning from wintering sites to nesting sites is called bird migration.
Every spring, birds begin a series of activities, such as courtship, reproduction, nesting, hatching and brooding. The fastest bird in the world: ostrich, 72 km/h.
The fastest bird to swim: Papua Penguin, the smallest bird at 27.4 km/h and the smallest bird's egg: Many people know that hummingbirds are the smallest birds in the world, but this statement is not very accurate, because there are about 3 15 species of hummingbirds in the world, which are distributed from Alaska in North America to strait of magellan in South America and many islands in the middle.
Their bodies are also very different. The largest hummingbird is 2 1.5 cm long, but it can't be said to be the smallest bird in the world.
6. Knowledge about birds
As the idiom "bird" goes, kill two birds with one stone. The tired birds of innocent girls know that they will return to their nests. Stupid birds fly first. Birds bow their heads and hide. Birds are singing and flowers are fragrant. The bird ate it and died. Blackbird is having an affair. Flying rabbits walk. Bird bow hides a chicken catkin wine. Kill two birds with one stone. Tired birds know that they will return to their habitat. Birds in cages occupy a magpie's nest, quail's clothes are knotted, and the phoenix is a phoenix. Birds and beasts frightened by the sound of birds and the words of swallows can't die with the birds, and their songs also mourn the birds gathering scales. Sparrows know the ambition of swans. Birds die of money, birds die of food without a head. The bird flew headless and flew out with the phoenix. Where are the songs about "birds" in spring? Snails and orioles, swallows, I am a bird. Bird of Paradise, Nightingale, the fastest bird in the world: ostrich, the fastest bird swimming: the smallest bird, the smallest egg of Papua penguin: Many people know that hummingbirds are the smallest birds in the world, but this statement is not very accurate, because there are about 3 15 species of hummingbirds in the world.
Their bodies are also very different. The largest hummingbird is 2 1.5 cm long, but it can't be said to be the smallest bird in the world. The African wheat grain bird is only 5.6 cm long, of which the beak and tail account for about half, and the weight is only about 2 grams, which is about the size of a honey bug. This hummingbird is the smallest bird in the world, and its egg is also the smallest bird's egg in the world, not much bigger than a full stop.
Hummingbirds' feathers are mostly bright and metallic. Their flying skills are superb, they can fly upside down, take off and land vertically, and their wings vibrate very fast, up to 50~70 times per second, so they are called "God Birds", "Comets", "Goddess of the Forest" and "Corolla".
In recent years, many places in China have claimed to have found hummingbirds, but they are all misinformed. The largest bird: African ostrich, whose egg weight is about 1.5 kg and its length is about 17.8 cm, which is about equal to the total weight of 30~40 eggs. It is the largest bird egg at present.
Bird with widest wingspan: the largest bird among wandering albatrosses: the heaviest bird in Corey: the smallest bird of prey in bustard: the most feathered bird among Borneo falcons: the least feathered bird among swans: the longest feathered bird among hummingbirds: the longest-lived bird in heaven: many birds live a long life. For example, the average life span of large seabird albatross is 50-60 years old, and large parrot can live to 65438+. There is an Amazon parrot named Jamie in Liverpool, England. Born in1870,65438+February 3rd, died in 1975,165438+1October 5th, at the age of 104. It is worthy of being the "longevity star" among birds.
Wang Albatross, the longest-lived ringed seabird, lived for more than 60 years. The longest-lived caged bird: cockatoo sunflower, over 80 years old.
Fastest bird: swift with pointed tail sprints fastest bird: peregrine falcon flies slowest bird: bird with the highest flapping frequency: bird with the slowest flapping frequency: bird with the longest flying time: bird with the highest flying time in North America: swan and alpine vulture fly highest; The farthest bird: Arctic tern flies farthest; The fiercest bird: the bird with the longest tail feather of the first vulture: the bird with the biggest difference in male and female weight of the long-tailed chicken bred by Japanese artificial hybridization: the great bustard living in the northern part of Eurasia has the biggest difference in male and female weight; The bird with the longest beak: the toucan living in South America is the bird with the longest beak: the Australian pelican has the widest beak: the whalebone learns the most. European weaver's nest, which is also the largest male nest, the largest nest: vulture's nest, the smallest nest: hummingbird's nest, the bird that lays the least eggs: albatross only lays one nest every year, the bird that lays the most eggs: partridge (a kind of chicken), and the bird with the longest incubation period: albatross. The research on the origin of birds has gone through several stages.
1868, Huxley put forward the hypothesis that birds originated from dinosaurs. Huxley is a famous British biologist and a staunch supporter of Darwin's theory of evolution. At the same time, he was also the first scholar to put forward the theory that birds originated from dinosaurs.
1927, Danish paleontologist Hailmann published a very classic book "The Origin of Birds" in his 1927, in which he pointed out that although birds and dinosaurs are very similar, dinosaurs have been very specialized, so birds may not have originated directly from dinosaurs, but have a * * * ancestor with dinosaurs, that is, teeth. The so-called Serrat is a more primitive fossil group than dinosaurs. This group is considered as a large group, which has produced some major modern vertebrates, such as dinosaurs, birds and crocodiles. It may have appeared earlier than Jurassic and Cretaceous in Triassic.
This theory has been popular for about half a century since it was put forward. From 1973 to 1985, the theory of dinosaur origin revived again.
When studying vertebrate fossils, scholars found that a fossil identified as pterosaur had feathers, and then another archaeopteryx fossil was discovered. This accidental discovery made scholars associate the relationship between birds and dinosaurs.
Since 1986, the theory of dinosaur origin has been prevailing, and more and more fossil evidence supports this hypothesis. Restoration of sauropod dinosaurs: hairy dinosaurs from China. For example, sauropods are the first dinosaur fossils with truly bifurcated feathers.
The discovery of this fossil has caused a great sensation in the field of paleontology in the world, and it is considered as the most important and latest evidence of the theory that birds originated from dinosaurs. Some scholars even suggested that dinosaurs were not extinct, and all the living birds we saw were dinosaurs, so hummingbirds living in South America were natural.