Lu Xun's emotional world is rich and rational. From filial piety to mother, consideration to family and love to son, it has been sublimated into a struggle for the nation to move from cowardice to prosperity, and it has been sublimated into a cry for the ordinary lower class people to live with dignity. Lu Xun clearly loves and hates, and is "cold-faced" to the perpetrators and abusers of power. He is not afraid of violence and dares to speak out. For the sake of young people, for the future, for the sake of youth, "willing to be a willing ox", taking good care and taking pains; He is full of sympathy for the inferiority of the national character, lamenting his misfortune, angering him for not arguing, and expressing his passionate and enthusiastic love with a cold and critical attitude. Hugo, too, has a romantic love, never despairs of the future of mankind, and always looks forward to the light of human nature.
/kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, Lu Xun translated Hugo's work Mourning the Dust, and Hugo wrote China Vase. A hundred years later, inspired by the spirit of the two masters, the intersection of the two literary giants continues. Let's see what the students think.
Hard to rely on
Mother is a great and fragile woman. They are like flexible reeds. They look very thin, but they are tough and hard to break when they bend. When a mother is oppressed, she often shows her strength that she doesn't often show. They may cry, but they will persist in the end for their children.
In Hugo's Les Miserables, Fantine's story is her tragic world as a mother. She gave birth to Cosette alone, but because she used to only know how to eat, drink and be merry, she "despised" her own small craft and "neglected" her own way out, so now she has no ability to raise her, so she can only foster her children with Thenardier and go out to work by herself. She never doubted everything they said, and she could not see Cosette in person. Her heart was soaked with pain, and it was a rare comfort for her to send all the money to Thenardier. When the secret she had hidden for a long time was discovered by gossip, the prejudice of society against unmarried pregnancy, the discrimination of factories against people who are not chaste, others' ignorance of "women like that", more and more blackmail from children's parents, and the heavy hammer of life suppressed the mother one after another. She had to sell her blonde hair, pearl-like teeth, become a prostitute, beg for mercy on her knees, pray for social tolerance and leave a gap in her life.
Lu Xun's single eldest sister-in-law, under the same social discrimination and frivolous, almost lost everything for her children. As a single mother, it is also a kind of happiness for her to make a living on a small spinning wheel with her children around all the time. However, quacks and fortune tellers have taken away her small savings, and the servants in the pub dare not treat her lightly. The owner of Xianheng Hotel hollowed out the bottom of her box, and the hypocritical Wang Jiuma arranged a funeral for her. Sister-in-law Sans thought she had earned a decent job for her Bao Er, but in the end she still couldn't figure it out. After the helpers dispersed, Lu Xun wrote: "I have already said that she is a stupid woman. What can he think of? He thinks this room is too quiet, too big and just space. "
As two helpless mothers struggling at the bottom of the civilian population, they are imprisoned in the so-called tower of civilization and oppressed. When we look around, there are many big and terrible things in the tower. Prejudice, ethics, people and things are piling up, which is heartbreaking.
Fantine was destroyed by social custom-prejudice, "but people always blame all their flawless and unattainable chastity." Alas! What if the young woman is hungry and cold? "Long-term class oppression makes the lower classes have almost morbid curiosity about other people's secrets, so once Fantine's secrets are made public, she can only be searched endlessly. In her time, there was a bitter atmosphere. With the so-called legal protection of men, the wicked can become good people by donating money to the church. Poor and powerless women are forced to languish at the bottom of society, and any small stain may be dotted with gossip and become the reason for people to criticize her.
Sister Sans was exploited by twisted morality and ignorant knowledge. On the surface, it is an irrelevant person who has done everything for Mrs. Sans and deserves praise. In fact, it is a group of heartless poor people who use false "courtesy" for fun and repeatedly "explore" the entertainment value of this tragedy. Sister Sans is all thumbs, and she can't say that banxian's illness is fake. Wang Jiuma's statement is fooling people. Maybe she thinks there's nothing wrong with it herself. She was blinded by society, disturbed by the departure of her children, and looted in a state of half dream and half waking.
Fantine's dying thoughts for Cosette were revealed to the world, and Sister Sans prayed for a dream after the child died, all of which reflected that their strength came from their great love for the child. What's their fault? They just sacrificed all their mothers for their children, but they were swallowed up by the abyss. They are already tough reeds in the wind and rain, and can withstand the torture of ordinary people. However, the pull of society still makes them fragmented. Too many tragedies are caused by "oppression of women", and too many "tragic worlds" are the experiences of mothers, which are the rupture of an elastic reed.
? Different times, the same shadow
In Hugo's Les Miserables, Jean Valjean often sees the law, prejudice, people and things piled up on his head in prison, as well as bishops and policemen illuminated by strong light. In Lu Xun's Diary of a Madman, the persecutor also saw the word "cannibalism" from the crack of "benevolence, righteousness and morality", and always felt that someone was going to hurt him and eat him. Think about it carefully. Although literary works are expressed in different ways, their strokes all point to the root of social problems. Fantine in Les Miserables and Sister-in-law in Tomorrow, two women with different times, status and experiences, seem to have the same shadow.
Fantine is a child born at the bottom of the common people. She has no surname, no home, and has been wandering since she was a child. Although she came out of the abyss of the dark society, she was pure and almost ignorant. Simply let her believe Thenardier by mistake and can't see the big words in their eyes. Ignorance made her bad at meeting people. She loves Tholomyes, but she doesn't know that Tholomyes is just taking part in accidental amusement. Sister Sans is a "stupid woman". When Bao Er was ill, all she knew was to ask God to sign an oath. Moreover, she went to consult He Xiaoxian, and asked Wang Jiuma to open her eyes. She is stupid and ignorant. They are all women at the bottom of society. Without knowledge, ignorance pulls them to the abyss.
The unequal social status of women, the oppression and harshness of society on women, and indifference have pulled them down the abyss.
Fantine unfortunately met a prodigal son, and the sincere feelings of women were hopeless in his eyes. He advised women not to get married and men to possess more women. Being unmarried facilitates competition, and competition is a game of enjoyment. He advocated that society should become a big brothel seeking beauty. Prostitution bought women from poverty, and Fantine, desperate, sold everything. Being a prostitute is not a choice, nor a retreat. The existence of prostitution itself is an insult and trampling on women's personal rights. The old arch with red nose covets Shan Si's sister-in-law, and A Wu's "chivalrous gang" with blue skin is also full of lust and greed. The balance of society is tilted towards men, and playing with women is regarded as the norm.
Fantine and Sister-in-law Sans slipped into the abyss, but no one helped them. Everyone just looked at them and casually threw some stones at them. Bao er, sister-in-law Shan Si, finally left. Ma Wang helped to organize the funeral, hastily issued an order, angrily pushed away the grieving sister-in-law Sans and quickly covered the coffin. "Enthusiastic help" is full of heartlessness and indifference. Prostitution oppresses women, but people attach great importance to women's chastity. Fantine's tragic fate will be written, but she received no sincere help, only harsh words and cold contempt.
Fantine and Sister-in-law Sans have the same shadow under the lights of different times. They are all ignorant and ignorant, and they are all socially disadvantaged groups. Their experience is very painful. They are all representatives of poor women and victims of social customs. Through them, Hugo and Lu Xun sparked a spark in the dark society and pushed the wheel of history forward.
Different worlds, the same suffering.
Fantine appeared as an innocent girl, but under heavy oppression, she finally became a prostitute who lost her self-esteem and sense of shame. Her death was a joint murder of the whole society. From this perspective, it is hard not to remind people of Lu Xun's "cannibalism" society, feudal conservatism, power oppression, ignorance and numbness ... in the dark social background, it has caused the inevitable tragic fate of different women.
Fantine appeared with innocent joy and tranquility, but in the end, she had no choice but to die of illness in order to make a living. During this period, Tholomyes, Thenardier, Vic Dungood, the workshop manager, the creditor and the contractor … all pushed Fantine to the abyss. Sister Xianglin in Blessing, at the beginning of her memory, was also a clever female worker with quick hands and feet. Later, she was tied back by her husband's family, forced to remarry, her husband died, her son died, and she was driven out by her people, and eventually she ended up "poor and dead". Her mother-in-law seems to be the culprit, and the tragedy seems to be attributed to the word fate.
In fact, their experience has its literary contingency, but it is inevitable to some extent.
Fantine's murder by a famous person with a surname is also the oppression and trampling of the upper class on the lower class. She is a lonely and uneducated orphan girl at the bottom, a rich and powerful lothario who abandons her children, a wicked rogue who has both the weakness of the lower class and the bad habits of the middle class, a capitalist who discriminates against unmarried children, a prostitute system that keeps lowering wages, and an unfair legal provision formulated by the upper class and played with applause only to safeguard the interests of the ruling class.
"According to our law, such women have been handed over to the police. The police can arbitrarily punish such women, do whatever they want, and arbitrarily deprive them of their so-called careers and freedoms. " But Fantine was never really free, and all resources were tilted to the upper level. When all the interests of the upper class come first, society can easily buy a soul from poverty, hunger and disease.
Sister Xianglin's tragedy is also the oppression of the strong on the weak. Patriarchal power, husband power and clan power are the mountains on her head. She was tied home by her mother-in-law, and no one doubted it; She was sold by her husband's family, and no one doubted it; She was kicked out by her uncle and no one questioned her. Everything seems to be taken for granted. Under the feudal patriarchy of China for thousands of years, Sister Xianglin was only a man's accessory, and she didn't even have a bottom name. Xianglinsao is Xianglinsao, Amao's mother ... "Never married from the father, married from the husband, and the husband died from the child", and once she lost her male-dominated identity, she lost her position in the big family and society.
Sister Xianglin, like Fantine, has never been really free. No freedom of marriage, no freedom of labor ... power nibbles at her soul bit by bit.
In these two works, the image of the audience is described in detail.
"When the police officers heard the noise, they all poured out of the cafe, and passers-by gathered in a big circle, laughing, shouting and clapping."
"They are still holding the glass that can't be seen at the gate of the police station because of the security police. They want to see it. Curiosity is an appetite. Seeing is swallowing. "
"This bored Xianglinsao, an old plaything abandoned in the dust mustard heap, has been seen in the dust mustard heap before. From the perspective of an interesting living person, I'm afraid I'm surprised why she exists, but now she's finally been cleaned up by impermanence. "
"She may not know that her sadness has been chewed and appreciated by everyone for many days, and it has already become scum, only worth being bored and spurned."
The same indifference, the same numbness. Among the spectators, there are probably people at the bottom. They are just a little luckier than Fantine and Sister Xianglin, and don't let themselves be seen. People are used to oppressing others, but also their own strength. They don't feel trapped at all, and even applaud.
The unkind gossip of factory women workers, the cruel insult in the town, the frown of the fourth uncle after hearing the widow's words, the nervousness of the fourth aunt's forbidding Xianglinsao to touch the sacrifice, and the ridicule of Liu Ma ... discrimination, numbness, indifference, ignorance, and the dark society have caused class injustice, distorted people's hearts, and spiritual emptiness, resulting in an eroded tragedy and the whole tragic world.
The same invisible hand in the dark
Fantine's experience in reading Les Miserables is simply chilling. From a beautiful girl who is lovable, has no songs, no wine and no taste, immersed in the beautiful fantasy of love, to her death, with no hair, big black front teeth, haggard face and dying ... What's more frightening is that in Hugo's pen, all these drastic changes happened naturally, and the invisible hand in the dark silently and completely destroyed her, but it seems that everything should be.
Hugo used such a tragic figure to reveal that in the heyday of civilization, the social oppression caused by laws and customs was enough to artificially turn the world into a hell and make the inherent wealth of mankind suffer inevitable disasters. In other words, society will eat people. The west eats it, and so does China.
For example, Sister Xianglin looks like Zhou from the beginning. She is hard-working, hardworking and strong, and has a warm temper. She was tortured into "white hair" ... her face was yellow with black ... All the sad looks were gone before ... Only her eyes rolled occasionally, which also showed that she was a living thing ... "
Lu Xun said: "Tragedy is to destroy the valuable things in life for people to see."
In the old society, which regarded chastity as her life, Fantine was tricked into getting pregnant before marriage by playboy and abandoned. Sister Xianglin was tied and married to a man without any feelings. Fantine's beauty deprived her of her amazing blonde hair and dazzling front teeth; Xianglinsao was strong-willed, forced her to compromise again and again, and beat her again and again to smooth her temper. Fantine loved her lovely daughter, but let her suffer in a black-hearted family and never saw her when she died; Sister Xianglin loved her sensible son, but let him be taken away by the wolf. She suffered the loss of her son day and night, and no one understood or even laughed at her. Fantine was optimistic and suffered from all kinds of depression. When she met Jean Valjean, she picked herself up and worked hard. God didn't let her go and let her last spiritual pillar collapse. Sister Xianglin is optimistic, saving two years' salary and donating it to eliminate sin. After donating money, she thought she had washed away her sins and began to look good, but her master still loudly scolded her for her bad luck, and people around her still talked about her mercilessly. ...
They are just the same kind of people living in different countries. They came to this world with hope, and came to this imperfect and unfair era for women. They are full of enthusiasm for life and hope for the future, but they are poured cold water by reality again and again. That's not enough. God gave them angel-like children, so they regained their courage and put their souls in the only comfort of their hard work, but they could not get rid of the invisible hand in the dark and pushed their children into the abyss of society step by step.
49. 1 Yu Quick Ask said
No matter in the patriarchal era in the past or in modern society, I think the most important thing for women is independence. Economic independence allows us to have our own source of income, no longer become a vassal of the family, no longer afraid of change, and live a confident life. Independent thinking makes us more attractive, not afraid of anyone's ridicule, not going with the flow, and having our own direction and goals. Independence makes women stand up, which is the value of live high.
John young said.
An independent woman should not only stand on her own feet, but also keep a struggling attitude no matter how she lives. And smart, have judgment, and will not easily lose themselves because of foreign objects. In today's era, we need such independence.
49.2 gold will say
Contemporary women need independent ability, and independence is the first step to have their own strength. Only truly independent women have the confidence and ability to stand in the society and express their views.
49.6438+0 Yao Ming's speech
Women should have a broad vision. Tholomyes was ugly and pretentious, but Fantine still regarded him as the whole of life without hesitation. Although it has a lot to do with her wandering experience since childhood, the fundamental reason is that her vision is not broad, her knowledge is short and her ability to recognize people is poor. Including later mistakenly thinking that Thenardier was a trustworthy person, which made the entrustment become a ruin.
For modern women, broad vision is more important. In the Internet age, the scale of the world in our eyes is drawn by ourselves, and our vision is broad. The more you know about your own field, the deeper you will understand life, and you will be able to stand at different heights of life and realize the future you can control.
49.2 Xu Kun said
If Fantine lives in such a competitive society, she will only rely on her lover instead of trying to develop independently, then she is either a mediocre full-time wife with no financial resources and rich contacts, or she will be at a loss after being abandoned. Today is different from the past. No matter who is willing to work hard, there will always be a world. This is not the time when women can't turn over. If Fantine wants to survive in such a society, her fate will be greatly reversed as long as she is willing to strive to gain the ability to survive independently.
49. 1 Chen Jiaqi said.
It doesn't matter what others think of you, what matters is what you think of you. Men discriminate against women. Unequal job opportunities, occupational gender discrimination and even sexual harassment oppress every woman who wants real equality in the new era. Women also discriminate against women. They think girls can't do much. Even the news of trafficking we hear is about illegally buying and selling girls to poor mountainous areas and spending money to "buy" daughters-in-law. Until now, we ask, are men and women really equal? Therefore, to realize a society where everyone is equal, the first step is to require all women to stand on their own feet. The most important thing for women in the new era is self-reliance, and then they will strive for their own world.
49.2 Sun said
In my opinion, the most important female strength is the ability to live independently. In short, I am self-reliant and aggressive. You can live independently instead of relying on another person. Only when your wings are full enough can you choose other things and take control of your life.
49. 1 Zhao Yitong said
In Les Miserables, Fantine started her miserable life because she was cheated by the playboy Tholomyes and got pregnant before marriage. Love should be beautiful and sacred, but twisted love plus "women's anxiety is inseparable" has become a nightmare for many women. In troubled times, women are more independent because of their vigilance, maintain their love for life, know the world so they are not sophisticated, know that they are smooth but not smooth, and face life positively, optimistically, soberly and rationally.
49.2 Li said
Love should not be the only source of love and happiness. Women must bring nourishment to life, and most importantly, they need the ability to please themselves. When a person cannot realize his self-worth, he will feel empty. In the future, more and more interesting things will fill your life, and you will have more happiness and will not depend on others mentally. Life is very interesting. As long as you learn to please yourself, you can be mentally independent.
49. 1 Yang Chen said.
It is said that men's advantage is strength and women's advantage is beauty, but in contemporary society, women also need strength.
In the face of social injustice, Fantine can only submit to humiliation and suffer silently. In today's world, the popularity of the Internet has given everyone a "golden microphone", which is often a powerful medium for the disadvantaged groups to speak out. If she is lucky enough to be invited to the present age, maybe she will feel the fair atmosphere of defending rights and resisting when facing injustice, exclusion and oppression. Wang Kailing once said, "When ordered to stand up, people should sit". Protecting dignity and spirituality in reasonable resistance and showing women's elegance in a "no" are the most important factors of women's strength.
49. 1 xing Jianming said
I think it's rational. First of all, Fantine's tragedy began when she met an unsuitable person. I thought I met the only thrill, but I gave up my job and entrusted myself to him until I was finally abandoned. Her tragedy also exists today, which is the story of silly Bai Tian meeting love rat. If Fantine had been more careful in front of Tholomyes, not giving up her original job and leaving a way out for herself, there would not have been such a tragic ending. Secondly, among the people they know, they are rational. Just as Fantine entrusted her daughter to Thenardier, thinking that they were a good family that loved children, she never thought that her dearest daughter was tortured and abused in his family. The same is true for contemporary women. Don't be superstitious about the sixth sense and think rationally.
49. 1 Jiang nianjie said
If Fantine were alive today, as a modern woman, the most important thing for her is to have the spirit of self-improvement. She shouldn't underestimate herself and don't give in to her feelings if she has to argue. She can't bear Cosette's upbringing alone, and the other party has no punishment, so she should dare to sayno. More importantly, we should not give up hope of life because of the difficulties of life. We must be self-reliant and learn skills, and we will no longer be squeezed because we have nowhere to work, nor will we be framed because of our weak position. When she is independent, strong but uncompromising, she will live better than asking for help from others, and how can she be discriminated against by others!
49.2 Liu Shilin said
The great maternal love of selfless dedication to children is the most important strength for women. Even though Fantine herself was poor, she kept sending money to Thenardier, so that Cosette could live better than her, endure all the injustice in the world for her children, and persist even if she survived. Being present is an important factor to maintain family harmony, which is the unique strength, tolerance and patience of women.
49.2 Zhang Xiaoming said
If Fantine lives in the present, I think the most important thing is knowledge. The present society, unlike the old society, has no human rights and no capital to live. In today's society, the status of women has also been greatly improved, and it is no longer the humble status of accessories. But for Fantine, her knowledge level is low. In this information age, it can be said that without knowledge, it is difficult to move. Therefore, if Fantine doesn't have enough knowledge to support her today, she will still live a humble and hard life.
49. 1 Tang said
I think the most important factor of women's strength is discrimination. Fantine simply believed in love, and after a short time together, she thought Tholomyes could be entrusted for life. She almost ruined the rest of her life because of such a discriminatory mistake. Secondly, after several brief conversations, she left her daughter to a complete stranger Thenardier, which on the one hand made Cosette ill-treated and on the other hand indirectly caused her own tragedy. Modern people's thoughts are more complicated than before, so we need to think twice before acting and improve our discrimination to cope with the "dazzling" of this era.
49.2 Wang Jiandong said
Women should be independent, and economic independence is only the result. More important is the ability to think independently, study independently, live independently, and even help and care for others. Don't rely too much on others because of your worldly views on women or your previous life experiences, especially in difficult situations. It is obviously not advisable to rely too much on Tholomyes like Fantine. Know the world, not worldly. I have an independent and free mind, a thinking brain endowed by knowledge and books, and a belief and kindness that beauty and ugliness in the world are inseparable but I still firmly love life. In short: sober, self-disciplined, aware of advance and retreat, aware of gains and losses.