General layout: epidemic prevention, road and greening planning from office and living area to production area, forage area, sewage treatment area and field area; Among them, the office and living area are arranged according to the streamline of employees' work, and the landscape is arranged from the perspective of beautifying the environment, so as to meet the needs of office life and create a good environment for ranch employees as much as possible; In the production area, cows need buildings (structures) such as delivery room, calf island, back cowshed, young cowshed, adult cowshed and milking hall before and after birth. Simplify and facilitate as much as possible, do not interfere with each other, facilitate production, properly handle their respective relationships, meet the needs of dairy cows' life and production, and consider sports venues, diagnostic barns and health care facilities to create a comfortable and quiet living environment for dairy cows.
Starting from the details: all-round design from lying down to feeding, drinking and exercise to ambient temperature, moderation, air quality and lighting control, to provide services for the healthy life of dairy cows.
For example, the neck and cheek design of dairy cows, considering different neck and cheeks, has different requirements on the height of feeding retaining wall, the position and height of drinking water tank, water temperature control, ventilation in the house, etc. The smoothness of the sports ground, the practice of grass-roots and surface are completely in line with the living habits of dairy cows, and suitable materials are selected. Mattresses should be treated separately according to the local climate and environmental characteristics. Comfort and safety are considered in the design of the ground, wall or railing where cows live and walk.