Question 2: What does information technology include? Information technology (IT for short) is the general name of various technologies mainly used for managing and processing information. It mainly uses application of computer science and communication technology to design, develop, install and implement information systems and application software. It is also often called information and communication technology (ICT). It mainly includes sensing technology, computer and intelligence technology, communication technology and control technology.
Question 3: Which questions have technical content? Scientists just say it now, it's complicated!
Why is 1+ 1 equal to 2? This question seems simple but wonderful. Axiomatic methods are widely used in modern precision science, especially in mathematics and mathematical logic. What is the law of justice? From many principles of a certain science, some basic concepts and propositions are separated. These basic concepts are undefined, and all other concepts of this discipline must be directly or indirectly defined by them. These basic propositions (also called axioms) have not been proved, but all other propositions of this discipline must be directly or indirectly derived from them. The theoretical system thus formed is called axiomatic system, and the method of forming this axiomatic system is called axiomatic method. 1+ 1=2 is an axiom in mathematics and needs no proof. Because 1+ 1=2 is the basis of all mathematical theorems and cannot be proved mathematically. As for "Why is 1+ 1 equal to 2?" As a problem, we don't need to prove it mathematically. In fact, we only need to explain why 1+ 1=2 can be said to be a definition or an axiom. However, it can be proved by reduction to absurdity that if 1+ 1 is not equal to 2, mathematics is a pot of porridge, and where mathematics is used, human society will be in a mess, then 1+ 1 must be equal to 2. 1+ 1=2 seems simple, but it is of great significance to human understanding of the world. The process of human understanding of the world is like a child snowballing: first, the child must hold a handful of snow in both hands, which is equivalent to human perceptual knowledge of the world. In the second step, the child pinched the snow in his hand and turned it into a small snowball, which is equivalent to the processing of human perceptual knowledge and formed a concept. So there is 1. In the third step, children put snowballs on the ground and found that snowballs can stick to the snow on the ground, which is equivalent to human rational understanding. Snow can stick to snow, which is equivalent to 1+ 1=2. The fourth step, children roll snowballs with snow in the snow, and find that snowballs get bigger and bigger after sticking to the snow, which is equivalent to the advanced stage of human understanding of the world and can enter a virtuous circle. Equivalent to 2+ 1=3. 1, 2,3 can be arranged in the simplest order, but they can be deduced to infinity. With 1, there is only concept; with 1+ 1=2, there is mathematics; with 2+ 1=3, the infinite change of mathematics begins. The relationship between physics and 1+ 1=2 The process of human understanding of the world is a process from perceptual to rational, from known to unknown. If 1, 2, 3 is known mathematically, it can be infinite. What is 1, 2,3 in physics? I think: the basic physical concepts such as quality, length and time are equivalent to 1, which is a brick and tile that constitutes a magnificent building of physics; Newton's law of motion is equivalent to 2, which gives us real physics and scientific physical analysis methods; The principle of mutual bile in mechanics is equivalent to 3, which makes Newton's law of motion widely used. In classical physics, everything is certain. With known conditions, we can deduce the unknown. When the theory of relativity appeared, everything changed. Now the theory of relativity has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. Even those who oppose it basically agree with its conclusion that time is variable, length is variable, mass is variable, and space-time is curved ... Classical physics believes that the speed of light is different for different observers (although Newton is an idealist). Relativity holds that the speed of light is constant for different observers (although we are materialists). We lost all the invariable things in classical physics and got the only invariable thing in relativity-the speed of light. I think it's like getting a sesame from many watermelons. This sesame is very abstract. It is in a vacuum, the fastest, so that you can't catch it or touch it at all. I think Newton's three laws of motion are true, perfect and beyond doubt. People who question Newton's law of motion keep saying that there is no absolutely static object and there is no object that is absolutely free from external force, but they forget that the physics textbook used in school is introduced at the beginning. In the introduction, it is said that all matter is in perpetual motion, and all phenomena in nature are manifestations of material motion. Motion is the existing form and inherent attribute of matter ... It is also mentioned that abstract method is based on the content and nature of the problem, grasping the main factors and putting aside the secondary, local and accidental factors, and establishing an ideal model not far from the actual situation to study. For example, "particle" and "rigid body" are ideal models of objects. When an object is regarded as a particle, mass and point are the main factors, and the shape of the object ... >; & gt
Question 4: What are the thorny technical problems to be solved in the processing of big data? I am now working as an engineer in Lingjiu Software, a better data software development company. One thing I can think of at present is the long tail problem of data processing. For example, in search engines, most instances often end, but there are still a few that only take a long time, which is caused by the unbalanced processing time of the machine environment and each partition.
The other is data storage. Generally, the data to be processed will be huge, and the hardware facilities will have to pass the customs.
Then there is data cleaning. To put it bluntly, it is to use some algorithms to clean up unnecessary data.
Finally, through visualization and various forms of expression, the results of data analysis are presented from different angles.
Question 5: What are the common computer faults? Common computer failures are:
Common fault one: no display when starting the machine
When the computer is turned on and not displayed, the first thing to check is the BIOS. Important hardware data is stored in the BIOS of the motherboard. At the same time, BIOS is also a fragile part of the motherboard, which is easy to be damaged. Once damaged, the system will not work. This failure is generally caused by the CIH virus destroying the BIOS of the motherboard (of course, it is not excluded that the failure of the motherboard itself causes the system to fail to run. )。 Generally, after the BIOS is destroyed by virus, all the data in the hard disk will be lost, so we can judge whether the BIOS is destroyed by detecting whether the hard disk data is intact. If the data on the hard disk is in good condition, there are three other reasons why it will not be displayed when it is turned on:
1. Because there is something wrong with the motherboard expansion slot or expansion card, the motherboard does not respond after inserting expansion cards such as sound cards and does not display.
2. The CPU frequency of the jumper-free motherboard set in CMOS is wrong, which may also lead to the failure of not displaying, which can be solved by clearing CMOS. The jumper for clearing CMOS is generally near the lithium battery on the motherboard, and the default position is generally 1 2 short circuit. As long as it is changed to 2, 3 short circuit for a few seconds, the problem can be solved. For the old motherboard, if the user can't find the jumper, just take out the battery, wait until the boot display enters the CMOS setting, then shut down and put the battery on it to achieve the purpose of CMOS discharge.
3. The motherboard can't recognize the memory, and the memory is damaged or mismatched, which will also lead to the failure of not displaying when booting. Some old motherboards are very picky about memory. Once the memory that the motherboard can't recognize is plugged in, the motherboard can't start, and even some motherboards don't give you any fault tips (chirp). Of course, sometimes in order to expand memory and improve system performance, plugging in different brands and types of memory will also lead to such failures, so pay more attention to maintenance.
For the failure of motherboard BIOS damage, you can plug in ISA graphics card to see if it is displayed (if prompted, you can follow the prompt steps). ), if there is no boot screen, you can make a floppy disk that automatically updates the BIOS and refresh the BIOS, but after the BIOS of some motherboards is destroyed, the floppy drive doesn't work at all. At this time, you can try to solve it by hot plug (I tried, as long as the BIOS is the same, it can burn successfully on the same level motherboard. )。 However, in addition to using the same BIOS, hot plug may also damage some components of the motherboard, so a more reliable method is to write the BIOS update file into the BIOS with a code writer (it is safer to find a computer manufacturer with this service).
Common fault 2: CMOS settings cannot be saved.
This kind of fault is generally caused by insufficient voltage of the motherboard battery, which can be replaced, but some motherboard batteries can not solve the problem after replacement. At this time, there are two possibilities:
1. There is something wrong with the motherboard circuit, which needs professional maintenance.
2. The problem of the motherboard CMOS jumper, sometimes because the CMOS jumper on the motherboard is mistakenly set to the reset option, or set to the external battery, resulting in CMOS data can not be saved.
Common fault 3: Windows crashes after installing motherboard driver or slow reading speed of CD-ROM drive.
This phenomenon sometimes appears on some motherboards with miscellaneous brands. After the motherboard driver is installed, the restarted computer cannot enter the Windows 98 desktop in normal mode, and the driver cannot be uninstalled under Windows 98. If this happens, it is recommended to find the latest driver and reinstall it. General problems can be solved. If it really doesn't work, you can only reinstall the system.
Common failure 4: The mouse is not available when installing or starting Windows.
The software cause of this fault is generally caused by CMOS setting error. There is a modem use IRQ item in the power management bar of CMOS settings, and the options are 3, 4, 5 ... and NA. Generally, its default option is 3, so you can set it as an interrupt other than 3.
Common fault five: the computer often crashes, and CMOS settings will also crash.
In CMOS, there is a crash phenomenon, usually there is something wrong with the motherboard or CPU. If the failure cannot be solved by pressing the button, the motherboard or CPU must be replaced.
Generally, this kind of fault is caused by the problem of motherboard cache or poor heat dissipation in motherboard design. On the 8 15EP motherboard, it was found that the motherboard was scattered ... >>
Question 6: The problems and difficulties encountered in 6:it technical work vary from person to person. If you really want to talk about problems, there may be the following:
First, social problems. The social circle of IT men is mostly male, so there will be some problems in marriage and social life.
Second, health problems. Overtime in the IT industry is generally serious, with a heavy workload and some health problems.
Third, you may face some professional difficulties. Modern society has a fast pace and technology is changing with each passing day. The skills that may be used at work will not be learned too much at school, but will be exercised through practice, further study and training. This requires IT practitioners to constantly learn technology and update technology;
That's about it. Other benevolent people have different views.
Question 7: What are the common mechanical faults? In most factories, the maintenance costs determined by general factory accounting procedures usually constitute the majority of the total operating costs. In the United States, the traditional maintenance costs (i.e. manpower and materials) have risen sharply in the past 10 years. 198 1 year, American factories spend more than $600 billion on maintaining their key equipment systems. 199 1 year, this cost has risen to more than 800 billion dollars, and in 2000 it hit a record high of120 billion dollars. These data show that one-third to one-half of these costs are wasted due to ineffective maintenance management methods. American industry can no longer tolerate this incredible inefficiency. They want to compete in the world market. Other countries have little data in this regard, but we think the situation is basically the same. The main reason for this ineffective use of maintenance expenditure is the lack of practical data to quantify when and what kind of maintenance needs to maintain, repair or replace key machines, equipment and systems in factories or facilities. Generally, maintenance organizations do not track equipment performance, maintenance tasks performed, failure history or other data, which can (and should) be used to plan and schedule tasks to prevent premature failures, extend the service life of key factory assets and reduce their life cycle costs. On the contrary, in many cases, the maintenance plan is still determined by the equipment failure and the intuition of the maintenance personnel, who can decide the type and frequency of daily maintenance at will. For example, most facilities that use thermal imaging inspection methods are inspected every six months or half a year. This is a purely arbitrary decision without any actual data. Microprocessor-based instruments, such as infrared monitoring and vibration monitoring, can be used to monitor the working conditions of key equipment, machines and systems in factories. The information obtained from these instruments provides an effective way to manage maintenance operations. At the very least, they can reduce or eliminate unnecessary maintenance, prevent catastrophic machine failures, and reduce the adverse effects of ineffective maintenance operations on the profits of manufacturing and production plants. When their functions are fully utilized, these instruments provide a method to optimize the overall factory performance, machine service life and life cycle cost of facilities and their assets. The computer-based maintenance management system can provide historical data and methods of using data obtained from predictive maintenance technologies, such as infrared monitoring and vibration monitoring. Industry and processing plants usually use two types of maintenance management, namely "running to failure" and "preventive maintenance". The idea from operation to fault management is simple and clear. Repair the equipment if it breaks down. This "no trouble, no maintenance" maintenance method has been the main part of maintenance and operation since the first factory was established, which sounds very reasonable. Factories that adopt continuous fault management will not spend any money on maintenance before the machine or system fails. Fault operation is a reactive management technology, which will wait for the failure of the machine or equipment before taking any maintenance measures. To be exact, this is a "maintenance-free" management method. This is also the most expensive maintenance management method. But it should be said that few factories adopt real management methods from operation to failure. In almost all cases, the factory will perform basic preventive maintenance tasks, that is, lubrication, machine adjustment and other adjustments, even in a management environment that runs to failure. However, in this management mode, machines and other factory equipment will not be modified or overhauled before the equipment fails. The main expenses related to this maintenance management are: high spare parts inventory cost; High labor cost; The machine has long downtime and low production capacity. Because there is no expectation of maintenance requirements, the factory that adopts run-to-fault management must be able to cope with all possible faults in the factory. This reactive management method forces the management department to keep a large inventory of spare parts, including spare machines, or at least all major components used for all key equipment in the factory. Alternatively, the factory can rely on the equipment manufacturer to provide all the required spare parts quickly. Even if the latter method can be adopted, the extra cost of rapid delivery will greatly increase the cost of maintaining spare parts and the downtime required to correct machine failures. In order to minimize the impact of unexpected machine failures on production, maintenance personnel must also be able to respond to all machine failures immediately. The final result of this passive maintenance management >>
Question 8: What are the common computer problems? First, how to detect computer failures
Before teaching MM how to troubleshoot, of course, we should learn how to detect faults first. If it is a method like the computer city outside, there will usually be a Dbug card or professional software to detect the fault. This method is intuitive and problems can be found. However, it is difficult to operate Dbug card or professional test software, and it is difficult for MMs to understand the principle, so these two fastest and most direct troubleshooting methods are not suitable for MMs. So here are some simple and easy-to-understand methods, so that MM can find the root cause of the fault relatively surely.
The methods we introduced are all "primitive", so it can be said that there is no technical content, and MM should be easy to master. The first one is "looking, listening, touching and smelling", which is a very practical method, but only typical or obvious faults can be found. "Look" is to observe whether the computer has sparks, whether the power cord or data cable is loose, whether it is disconnected or bumped, and so on. These problems will cause very intuitive glitches, such as the CD-ROM drive can't start, the hard disk can't be transferred to the system, or it can't start. "Listening" means listening to the sounds made by computer accessories, including alarm sounds and strange sounds made by individual hardware, which can eliminate common problems such as loose memory and bad hard disk. "Touching" means directly touching the components on the motherboard, such as electrode tubes, capacitors, CPU fans, etc., to see if there is any looseness or frequent fever. If this problem occurs, it usually needs to be repaired and replaced. "Smell" is very simple, that is, directly smell the smell from the computer. If there is a burning smell, it proves that a part or accessory is burnt out and can be replaced directly.
The second method, which is also stupid, requires hands-on ability, that is, "exchange plugging method" "Plug-and-play method" refers to replacing an accessory with an accessory that runs normally on other machines, and detecting the accessory that causes the failure through comparison. I believe many girls have used this method, but it has its limitations. First, it is not so easy to get spare parts for normal operation of other machines, because people may not lend them to you; Second, the accessories of other machines that work normally may not be compatible with your computer, which usually happens on older computers, so the problems found may not be the real problems.
In a word, the two methods described above are both commonly used and relatively simple troubleshooting methods. MM can learn from these two methods, first find out the fault itself, so as to find out the typical or obvious fault, so as to prescribe the right medicine.
Second, what is the problem of abnormal noise at startup?
Computer soft fault is a common problem for girls. The stupidest way is to follow the system again. There are also computer hardware failures. What problems do you often encounter? The method of detecting computer faults has been described above, and now it is of course necessary for MM to deal with common computer faults.
Everyone takes their computers home during the holidays, which is a very easy cause of failure. It's a long way to go home, and it's inevitable to bump, which is easy to cause accessories to loosen or even malfunction. Old machines or moved machines, which are often modified and installed, will make some strange noises. MM will be very anxious and don't know what to do. In fact, most of these faults are relatively easy to solve. The first cause of boot screaming may be poor memory contact, which is also a common problem of moving or old machines, which is manifested by a long and short alarm constantly ringing. The solution is simple, that is, remove the memory and reinstall it once to solve the problem. If it is an old machine, you should also wipe the copper part of the memory with an eraser, because the copper part may be oxidized and cause poor contact if it is used for a long time. Note when inserting the memory stick: first, the gap of the memory stick should be aligned with the protrusion of the memory stick slot, and then press it vertically. When you hear a crisp "click" sound, the plastic bayonet of the memory stick will automatically close.
Memory is easy to oxidize.
Restock
The second place where strange noises appear may be the hard disk. When you open it, you will hear the harsh noise of "Little Chef Hippo", which may be the reason why the hard disk has bad tracks. It is also very simple to judge whether this question is true or not. XP will not include this feature in the attachment as long as you run the ScanDisk option of the system tool in the attachment. You just need to right-click Disk-Properties-Tools and you will see the error checking option. If you run it, you can ... >>
Question 9: What are the common psychological problems (1)? Psychological and behavioral disorders caused by environmental reasons are manifested in the inability to adapt to work, life and study, to exert their own abilities normally, and to conduct interpersonal communication normally.
(2) anxiety. Anxiety is an unexplained fear. When you can't achieve your goals and overcome obstacles, you will be nervous, uneasy and worried. Accompanied by physical discomfort, such as sweating, dry mouth, palpitation, blocked throat, insomnia and so on.
(3) Depression. Mainly manifested in persistent depression, pessimism, decreased psychological function, reduced self-evaluation, self-blame, how unfortunate, depressed, helpless and hopeless the inner experience is, and I always feel that living is meaningless.
(4) Terrorism obstacles. In fact, there is no great threat to people, resulting in forced avoidance of will and psychological reactions such as tension, anxiety and dizziness. Such as acrophobia, sharp weapon phobia, animal phobia, agoraphobia and social phobia, among which social phobia is more common.
(5) obsessive-compulsive disorder. Think over and over again, hesitate, think over and over again what you know you don't have to think about, and do what you shouldn't do, so you feel nervous and miserable. Common obsessive-compulsive symptoms are: ① obsessive-compulsive ideas, such as forced memories and forced doubts; ② Compulsive intention or compulsion, etc. (3) Forced action, such as repeatedly checking the door lock. Almost everyone has had symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, but as long as it does not become their mental burden and interfere with their normal work and life, it should not be regarded as obsessive-compulsive disorder.
(6) hypochondriacs. The main manifestations are paying too much attention to one's health, being convinced that one has some kind of disease, frequently complaining about physical discomfort, stubbornly suspecting and worrying about one's disease, which is still unacceptable after laboratory examination and repeated explanations by doctors, and even affects one's social function. This psychological tendency to worry too much about one's health is the manifestation of hypochondriasis.