Material preparation: maple sesame oil, charcoal fire, indigo naturalis, wooden barrel, cloth, brush, lime and alkali wood.
First, draw a pattern.
Dissolve a proper amount of Liquidambar formosana oil on charcoal fire at a temperature of about 50 to 60 degrees. If the temperature is too high, the color of the fabric will turn yellow after dyeing. If the temperature is too low, Liquidambar formosana oil is easy to condense and difficult to extract.
Second, the pattern coloring
After the pattern is drawn, you can start dyeing. The dyeing material and process of Liquidambar formosana dyeing are basically the same as batik dyeing, and it is also dipped in indigo, and the small stone foot is called indigo. The processing method is to collect the green leaves, put them in jars, wooden barrels or pits, add appropriate amount of cold water, and turn them every two days.
Third, dye vat impregnation.
After soaking in the color jar for 6-7 days, take out the green leaves, put the lime into the basin, and then inject the indigo water into the jar. After the lime melts, pour it into a jar and stir it with a bamboo pole 1 to 2 hours. After overnight, indigo condenses and precipitates, and scoops out the water on it (some places add some wine to the dye solution).
About 5 kg of lime for blue leaves is 1 kg, and dry indigo 1 kg can be obtained. After the dried indigo is diluted with water, the painted cloth is slowly dipped into a bucket for repeated dip dyeing, and the color will be correspondingly deepened each time until it reaches the required depth. Generally, a light blue can be obtained by sealing and dyeing twice. In the whole impregnation process, small stone feet are called "cold dyeing". The dyeing tones of Liquidambar formosana are mainly cyan, blue and white, with no other color changes.
Fourthly, degreasing at high temperature.
After dyeing, remove the grease with boiling water. The traditional method is: burning alkaline black wood into ash, adding it into boiling water to remove the grease attached to the cloth, showing a blue-and-white pattern, or degreasing with washing powder, which can also achieve the same effect.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) rinse and dry.
After degreasing, rinse with clean water, dry and smooth, and the whole production process is completed.
The value of Liquidambar formosana dyeing;
Liquidambar formosana dyeing is a local traditional skill in Huishui County and Majiang County of Guizhou Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages. It has precious research value in national history, humanities, folklore and aesthetics. Yao people have language but no writing, and Fengxiang's skills are all oral. The patterns used are closely related to the historical changes of the nation, and Fengxiang dyeing process carries too much historical and humanistic information of Yao nationality.
Liquidambar formosana dyeing is one of the two major handicrafts of Yao nationality. The technological process is complex and exquisite, and the learning period is long. Using self-spun cotton cloth is particularly laborious and time-consuming. The production cycle can be as long as half a year, and the patterns are exaggerated and exquisite, which highly embodies the wisdom, rich imagination, creativity and aesthetic consciousness of the Yao people. Liquidambar formosana dyeing products are mainly used in clothes, suspenders, quilts and so on. Solemn, generous, simple and beautiful, it embodies the traditional character of Yao nationality, which is stable and elegant and not easy to publicize.
Refer to the above information: Baidu Encyclopedia-Fengxiang Dyeing Technology