Brief introduction of Qingdao, Shandong Province
The development of history
Qingdao used to be called Jiaoao. Established in 189 1 year. 1897 German occupation, 19 14 Japan replaced German colonial rule. 19 19, the famous may 4th movement was triggered by the sovereignty of Qingdao. 1922 65438+February 10, China recovered Jiaoao and opened its ports for trade; 1929 In April, Nanjing National Government took over and Qingdao Special City was established in July of the same year. 1930 was renamed Qingdao. 1938 65438+ 10, Japan invaded Qingdao again. 1945 In September, the Kuomintang government took over Qingdao, which was still a special city. 1June 2, 949, Qingdao was liberated and became a municipality under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province. 198 1 is listed as one of the national 15 economic center cities; 1April, 1984, was listed as one of the 14 coastal port cities that were further opened to the outside world; 1986 10, which was officially approved by the State Council to be listed separately in the national plan, giving provincial economic management authority; 1February, 1994, was listed as one of the national 15 sub-provincial cities. At the end of 200 1, it has jurisdiction over seven districts, namely Shinan, Shibei, Sifang, Licang, Laoshan, Chengyang and Huangdao, and five cities (county-level) including Jimo, Jiaozhou, Jiaonan, Pingdu and Laixi.
Geographical location and region
Qingdao is located in the south of Shandong Peninsula, with the east longitude of119 30' ~12100' and the north latitude of 35 35' ~ 37 09'. It borders the Yellow Sea in the east and south, Yantai in the northeast, Weifang in the west and Rizhao in the southwest. The total area of the city is 10654 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 1 102 square kilometers.
Population and nationality
At the end of 200 1 year, the population of the whole city was 7 104900, of which the urban population was 2.376 million. In addition to the Han nationality, there are 50 ethnic minorities in the city, including Manchu, Hui, Korean, Zhuang and Mongolian.
Natural environment and resources
Qingdao is a coastal hilly city, with high terrain in the east and low terrain in the west, rising on the north and south sides and low depression in the middle. There are three mountain systems in the city: Laoshan Mountain, Dazhu Mountain and Daze Mountain, with 224 rivers and 862.64 kilometers of coastline. It belongs to temperate monsoon climate, with obvious maritime climate characteristics, humid air, abundant rainfall, moderate temperature, four distinct seasons, no intense heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. At the end of 200/kloc-0, there were 467,400 hectares of cultivated land and 38,000 hectares of coastal beaches. All kinds of organisms 1400 species, including nearly 400 species of animals and more than 0/000 species of plants. Most mineral resources are nonmetallic, 44 species have been discovered and 27 species have been developed and utilized. The main mineral resources are graphite, decorative granite, decorative marble, mineral water, diabase, gold, talc and zeolite.
Leading economic indicators
In 200 1 year, the city's GDP reached131600 million yuan. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 65.438+04.32 billion yuan, that of the secondary industry was 64.88 billion yuan, and that of the tertiary industry was 52.4 billion yuan. The total import and export volume was $654.38+02.36 billion, and the local fiscal revenue was 9.87 billion yuan. The per capita disposable income of urban residents is 873 1 yuan.
Urban status and characteristics
Qingdao is located at the junction of North China Economic Zone and East China Economic Zone, connected with Northeast Economic Zone across the sea, and facing North Korea, South Korea and Japan across the sea. It is the largest economic center city between Shanghai and Tianjin, an important foreign trade port between Shanghai and Dalian, with a vast economic hinterland and strong development momentum. It is the largest seaport in the Yellow River basin and one of the distribution centers of information, finance and goods, and an important transportation hub connecting the Eurasian Continental Bridge. With the advantages and development potential of port trade, marine scientific research, modern industry, developed agriculture, financial services, tourism and holiday, it has become one of the most economically dynamic cities in China. As one of the five largest foreign trade ports in China, Qingdao Port has now entered the ranks of the world's largest ports with an annual throughput of over 100 million tons. Qingdao is a famous research and development base of marine science and technology at home and abroad, and it is known as "China Ocean City". Qingdao marine science and technology research and development institutions account for more than 1/3 of the national total; Qingdao marine science and technology research and development institutions have senior experts and scholars in marine science and technology research and development and teaching, accounting for more than 50% of the national total, including academicians of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering *** 19, accounting for nearly 4/5 of all 24 academicians in the city (including 7 contracted service academicians); Qingdao Ocean University, the only comprehensive ocean university in China, is also located here. Qingdao, as the host partner of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, has gained favorable opportunities endowed by history, which will have a positive impact on improving the status and popularity of the city, speeding up the improvement of the hard environment, stimulating rapid economic growth and improving the quality of citizens.
Pillar industries and famous brand enterprises
Qingdao is famous for its traditional advantages in textile, food and beverage industries, and the export volume of Tsingtao beer ranks 1 in China. Qingdao is an important chemical production base in China. In recent years, the electronics and household appliances industries have developed rapidly, and the total sales of air conditioners and refrigerators and the export volume of household refrigerators rank 1 in China. Ten enterprise groups such as Haier, Hisense, Tsingtao Brewery, Zhong Yi, Aucma, Double Star, Textile Federation, Lian Kai, Qinggang and FAW Qingdao Automobile Factory have been formed, which have played an important role in supporting and pulling the city's economic growth and have certain influence in the whole country. By the end of 200 1, there were 109 kinds of famous brand products in Qingdao, including Haier, Tsingtao Brewery, Double Star, Aucma, Hisense and Ji Fa.
Famous local products light industry (household appliances)
Tsingtao beer, Laoshan mineral water, Huadong brand wine, Haier series products, Hisense series products, Aucma series products, Double Star brand travel shoes, shell carving crafts, straw crafts, etc. Seafood and processed products: red turtle, claw shrimp, clam, sea cucumber, Portunus trituberculatus, agar, etc. Marine drugs: Shenhailong capsule, Shenhailong wine, Haikang capsule, mannitol and nicotinic acid tablets. Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry: China Shoutao, Guanye Mianxing, Beizhai Cherry, Chengyang Xiantao, Dazeshan Grape, Laixi Chestnut, Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage, Pingdu Ginger, Laoshan Tea and Haiqing Tea.
tourist resources
Qingdao has European city scenery, blue sea and rolling mountains. Mountain, sea and city are integrated and complement each other. The construction in the past hundred years has formed a unique urban landscape with red tiles and green trees, blue sea and blue sky. In addition, it has rich human resources, colorful tourism festivals, perfect reception facilities and convenient transportation conditions, attracting tens of millions of tourists from home and abroad every year.
The national key cultural relics protection units include cliff stone carvings on Tianzhu Mountain, the former residence of Governor De Jiaoao, the former residence of Governor Jiao 'ao, the Badaguan complex, the site of Jimo Old Town and the site of Qi Great Wall, as well as the national Laoshan scenic spot, Qianhai Zhanqiao, Catholic Church, Tianhou Palace, Seafood Pavilion, Lu Xun Park, Zhongshan Park, Zhanshan Temple, Langyatai Site, Kang Youwei's Tomb, Wen Yiduo's former residence and Lao She.
Foreign exchange and cooperation
In 20001year, the city approved 1255 foreign-invested projects, with contracted foreign investment of 3.606 billion US dollars, and newly approved 105 projects with investment above 0 million US dollars. By the end of 20001,45 Fortune 500 enterprises had settled in Qingdao, with 72 investment projects. In 20001year, the contract value of foreign economic cooperation was USD 407 million, and * * * sent 5956 laborers. By the end of 2000 1, Qingdao had 9 foreign sister cities, 18 foreign cities, including 7 in Asia, 9 in Europe, 7 in North America, 2 in South America 1, 2 in Africa and 2 in Oceania1.
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