Motto of career planning: our biggest mistake is to neglect to cultivate a person's inner virtue and try to blackmail everyone for the virtue he doesn't have. Hadrian
Cognitive information processing theory is a relatively new psychological theory. With more and more attention, he entered the field of career planning. This theory focuses on how individuals use information to make career decisions and solve career problems in their career. It has a strong guiding role in improving the knowledge field, career decision-making and metacognitive skills in the process of career planning.
Firstly, the theory of professional cognitive information processing is put forward.
199 1, Gary Peterson, James sampson and Robert Rearden co-authored a book, Career Development and Service: A Cognitive Approach. In the book, they put forward a new career development idea and elaborated it in detail. This new method is cognitive information processing (cip), which has made new contributions to career planning and career counseling.
Second, the viewpoint of professional cognitive information processing theory
This theory holds that career choice is based on how we think and feel; Choosing a career is a problem-solving activity; The ability to solve professional problems is based on what we know and how we think; Career decision-making requires a good memory; Career decision-making needs motivation; The continuation of career development is a part of our lifelong learning and growth; Our life depends largely on what we think and how we think; The quality of our career depends on whether we learn and master the skills needed to make a good career decision. You can improve your career management ability by improving your cognitive information processing ability.
According to the characteristics of our information processing, this theory constructs a model (as shown in the figure). The model is like a pyramid, divided into three layers. The highest level is the execution field called metacognition, which is the individual's understanding, experience, adjustment and control of his own cognitive process and results; It includes self-expression, self-awareness, control and supervision. The middle layer is the field of decision-making skills, that is, the five steps of general information processing skills, including communication, analysis, synthesis, evaluation and execution, abbreviated as casve, which constitutes a decision-making cycle. At the bottom is the field of knowledge, including self-knowledge and professional knowledge. Self-knowledge includes understanding one's own values, interests and skills, while vocational knowledge includes understanding a specific occupation, school major and its organization.
The execution domain is equivalent to the work control function of the computer, which controls the computer to execute the program according to the instruction, and monitors and adjusts the two domains under it. Decision field is equivalent to computer application software, which processes the stored information. The field of knowledge is equivalent to the data file of a computer. From this model, we can see that any level of problems will affect the quality of career planning decisions.
Three, the five steps of general information processing skills
Communication, including internal communication and external communication, makes you aware of the gap between the ideal situation and the reality. As far as career planning is concerned, the information you get may be anxiety about the uncertainty of career planning (internal communication). After you graduate, your parents or friends may ask you some questions about your career (foreign exchange). As a result, you realize that you need to make a career choice.
Analysis needs information, which can be obtained from research and observation, and can increase your understanding of your interests, skills and values, as well as your understanding of occupation, research field and work organization. Synthesis is to put all the information you have collected about yourself and your career together and expand it, and then gradually narrow the scope of your free choice to eliminate the gap at the beginning of the decision-making process.
Evaluation, including sorting the remaining choices with the best judgment, and making the choice of occupation, work or university major. Execution is the last link of the whole set of casve, which is to take positive actions on your ideas and solve the career problems identified in the communication stage.
The successful completion of this process depends on the success of each step. Research shows that any step of the problem will slow down or affect the solution of the whole problem. Among them, there are three key steps. First of all, in the step of communication, we will be stumped by the immediate problems and feel depressed, anxious, afraid and depressed. In most cases, we can't think of ways to overcome difficulties, so we can't get rid of these feelings and enter the analysis or synthesis step. Secondly, there will be confusion in evaluating this step. After narrowing the selection, you still can't make a choice. When this happens, people will feel depressed, become anxious and depressed, and find themselves back to the original steps. The third is the implementation steps. This is the most difficult step, because: 1, we can't divide the realization into several small action steps; 2. We don't know what to do first; We are frightened by this huge and unclear task. We attach so much importance to the negative influence of the outside world that any attempt is regarded as meaningless. Therefore, it is very important to complete each step of the task seriously, which can help us solve our career problems and make successful decisions.
Fourthly, the application in career planning and career counseling.
This theory provides an operable framework and process for career planning and career counseling. According to the information processing model, in career management, we need to identify negative thinking, conduct positive self-dialogue, and improve the level of self-control and regulation. So as to improve our metacognition. Casve loop provides a general method that can be used to solve problems in career. When we can successfully, quickly and effectively use this strategy to deal with professional problems, our professional situation will be greatly improved. Self-knowledge and professional knowledge form the basis of career planning. Without comprehensive and accurate knowledge, individuals cannot make career decisions quickly, which needs to be improved in career planning.