Fu (one of Huang San), whose capital is in solidarity with Huaiyang and Zhoukou;
Zhu (Emperor Yan, one of them), the capital, was buried in Zhecheng County, Shangqiu;
Ge, born in Ningling, Shangqiu and Changge, Xuchang, invented music and dance;
The Yellow Emperor (Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, the first of the five emperors) was born and its capital was in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou.
Zhuan Xu, with its capital in Shangqiu, moved to Puyang and was buried here;
Di Ku (the Gaoxin family) was born, built its capital and was buried in Shangqiu. In the Xia Dynasty, the first historical dynasty, China moved the capital many times. The main capitals are Zhenti (now Yanshi, Luoyang), Yangcheng (now Dengfeng, Zhengzhou), Shangqiu, Lun (now Xiayi and Shangqiu), Laoqiu (now Kaifeng and Chenliu) and Xihe (now Tangyin Xihe). The Shang Dynasty moved its capital many times, and the main capitals are: Nanbo (now Gushu Town, Yucheng County, Shangqiu), Xibo (now Yanshi, Luoyang), Xiao (now Zhengzhou Mall), Yin (now Yinxu, Anyang) and Qi County, Hebi. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Chengwang made Luoyang its capital. Luoyang is the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Nanyang, the southern capital. Moved the capital to Xuchang at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Wei made Luoyang its capital. Luoyang, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital to Luoyang. The Sui Dynasty established Luoyang as its eastern capital. Yang Di moved its capital to Luoyang. Luoyang was the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Moved the capital to Luoyang in the late Tang Dynasty. Wu Zhou decided to make Luoyang the capital and changed Luoyang into the capital of God. During this period, Hou Liang Hou Liang made Kaifeng its capital and moved to Luoyang. Luoyang is the capital of the later Tang Dynasty. Luoyang was the capital of late Jin Dynasty and early Jin Dynasty, and then moved to Kaifeng. Kaifeng, the capital of the later Han Dynasty. Kaifeng is the capital of the later Zhou Dynasty. After the demise of Qidan in Liao Dynasty, Jin changed its name to Liao in Kaifeng, and its capital was Kaifeng. Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Set up Shangqiu in Nanjing and Luoyang in Xijing. Shangqiu, the capital of Southern Song Dynasty. In the late Jin Dynasty, the capital was moved to Kaifeng and Shangqiu. 1932, the Republic of China moved its capital to Luoyang. Central Plains culture is not only a historical concept, but also a spatial concept. According to the characteristics of the cultural content of the Central Plains, it can be roughly summarized as Heluo culture, Chinese character culture, surname culture, root culture, San Shang culture, etiquette culture, Chinese medicine culture, poetry culture, martial arts culture, opera culture, prehistoric culture, dragon culture, political culture, ideological culture, celebrity culture, hero culture, farming culture, business culture, science and technology culture, medical culture, religious culture and folk culture. Central Plains culture is the general name of material culture and spiritual culture based on the Central Plains, which can be traced back to the Neolithic Age in China from about 6000 BC to about 3000 BC. Central Plains culture is an important source and core component of Chinese culture.
Heluo culture refers to the culture of ancient Heluo area in China. Heluo region refers to the southern bank of Tongguan-Zhengzhou section of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, Luoshui, Yishui and Songshan areas, including Dengfeng in the upper reaches of Shui Ying, generally including the area between 34 and 35 north latitude and110 east longitude, that is, today's western Henan region.
Dragon culture: The dragon is a symbol of wisdom, courage, auspiciousness and dignity. Henan is the hometown of dragons. Taihao Fuxi, known as the ancestor of mankind, created a dragon totem in Huaiyang, Zhoukou today, realizing the first great integration of many ancient tribes. The Yellow Emperor, known as another ancestor of mankind, used dragons as the totem of new tribes in Xinzheng today in order to unite the thoughts and spirits of the tribes in the Yellow River Basin. Today, China people are called "descendants of the Chinese people" and "descendants of dragons", which is why they came. Long Bang in Puyang, 6400 years ago, is the earliest dragon image in China, and it is praised as "a dragon in China" by the archaeological community. The large turquoise dragon found in Erlitou site of Yanshi, the first capital of China, was named "Dragon" by scholars at least 3700 years ago, and so on.
Chinese character culture: Chinese characters are an important carrier to inherit and carry forward Chinese culture and a basic symbol of the Chinese nation, which has a great and far-reaching impact on the written culture of North Korea, South Korea, Japan and other countries. The cultural history of Chinese characters for more than 4,000 years can be said to be a history of Chinese characters in the Central Plains. The emergence of Chinese characters and almost every important development stage occurred in the Central Plains. In the era of the Yellow Emperor, characters were created in Cangjie and unearthed in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Anyang. Li Si, a Shangcai native, helped Qin Shihuang "write the same script" and set the standard for writing Biography. Xu Shen, a native of Luohe, compiled the world's first dictionary, summed up the generation rules of Chinese characters, and unified the meaning analysis. He finished Shuo Wen Jie Zi in his hometown. The standardized font "Song Ti" was produced in Kaifeng, Henan Province, and movable type printing was also invented here.
Surname culture: The surnames of China people are closely related to the Central Plains, both in origin and in a large number of derivatives. Of the 4820 Han surnames in China Surname Ceremony, 1.834 originated in Henan. Among the top 300 surnames, 17 1 is rooted in Henan, and among the top 300 surnames, 78 are in Henan. Whether it is the four major surnames of China, represented by Li, Wang, Zhang and Huang, or the southern surnames, represented by Lin, Chen, Zheng, Lian and Huang, their roots are the same. Henan held a surname culture festival with the theme of "All surnames have the same root and all cases have the same origin". Surname culture is a unique cultural phenomenon in Henan.
Farming culture: Agriculture first appeared in the Central Plains. Farming culture in Central Plains contains many characteristic farming techniques and scientific inventions. Many agricultural production tools have been unearthed from the cultural relics of Peiligang, which provides physical evidence for the development of early farming culture.
Poetry culture: Henan is the birthplace of China literature. In the Book of Songs, the first poetry collection in China, there are more than 100 works in Henan, accounting for one third. There is a saying in history that "the articles of Han and Wei Dynasties are semi-Luoyang", and Zuo Si's "Sandu Fu" created a much-told story that "Luoyang paper is expensive". There are two of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty in Henan, Du Fu, the "Poet Sage", and Bai Juyi, the "Poet Demon". Famous writers include Cai Wenji, Pan An, Xie Lingyun, Jiang Yan, Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Yuan Zhen, Li He and Li Shangyin.
Business culture: Merchants, commodities and businesses in China originated from Shangqiu, and many firsts in China's business culture appeared in the Central Plains. Wang Hai, a native of Shangqiu, Xia, was the first person who used an ox cart to pull goods to a distant place to do business, and was known as the originator of business. Zigong, the first Confucian businessman in Xunxian County, Henan Province, was not only an official, but also good at getting rich in business. The first Nanyang man who was enthusiastic about public welfare undertakings and was called "Shang Sheng" by later generations quietly retired after helping the King of Yue Gou Jian destroy Wu and display his talents in business. The first patriotic businessman, Gao Xian from Xinzheng, was invaded by Qin Shihuang on his way to do business and retired Qin Jun at the expense of fifteen cows. The first batch of professional businessmen in the history of China was born in Luoyang in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The first law promulgated by the government to protect the interests of businessmen was born in Xinzheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. The earliest tariff collection represented by "Chengmenqian" took place in Shangqiu in the Spring and Autumn Period. The first industrial businessman with strategic thoughts was Bai Gui in Luoyang in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the first commercial theorist was Ji Ran in Shangqiu in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and the first merchant litigation regulations occurred in Xinzheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. Bianjing (now Kaifeng) in the Northern Song Dynasty is also an international metropolis with a population of over one million, with a population of over 1.5 million. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan, a painter in Song Dynasty, is a true portrayal of this grand occasion. Gong Yikang's millions of net worth in Qing Dynasty wrote the business myth that he was "richer than 12 generations and unbeaten for 400 years".
Ideology and culture: Central Plains ideology and culture is the core of China's ideology and culture. Fuxi performed gossip in Huaiyang, Henan Province, and later Zhou Wenwang wrote The Book of Changes in Youlicheng Prison, Anyang, Henan Province, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations. Duke Zhou established a set of laws and regulations to educate interpersonal relationships in "The Rite and Music System-Luoyi". Liezi is here to give lectures and be a disciple.
Science and technology culture: four great inventions, conceived and invented in the Central Plains. Anyang "Simuwu" Dafang Ding is the largest and heaviest bronze ware ever discovered. The "water drainage" blasting technology developed by Du in the Eastern Han Dynasty was earlier than that in Europe 1000 years ago. China's earliest Chinese painting "Crocodile Stone Axe Pot" has a history of 6,000 years, and is listed as the first of 67 immovable cultural relics in China by National Cultural Heritage Administration. "Yangshao painted pottery" is exquisitely shaped, and "Tang Sancai" is well-known at home and abroad, representing the highest level of porcelain-making technology in history. The "seismograph" invented by Zhang Heng, a "Kesheng" in Nanyang, was earlier than that in the west 1700 years. Established the "Huntian Theory". Monks and their entourage in the Tang Dynasty not only invented the earliest automatic timer in the world, but also put forward the view that "stars move by themselves", which was earlier than the British astronomer Harley 1000 years.
Traditional Chinese medicine culture: Central Plains medical culture is famous for its holistic treatment idea, multi-angle observation of pathology, unique treatment technology and harmonious medication methods. It is the essence of traditional culture and the quintessence of China. Huangdi is recognized by later generations as the founder of traditional Chinese medicine, and the culture of traditional Chinese medicine originated and developed in the Central Plains. Zhang Zhongjing, a native of Nanyang, is honored as a "medical sage", and his Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a treasure of traditional Chinese medicine and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad.
Wushu culture: Wushu culture is also called Kung Fu culture. The martial arts culture in Central Plains ranks first in the world. Tai Ji Chuan is another important school of martial arts culture in China, which was founded by Chen in Chenjiagou, wen county.
Folk culture: Baijiayi and Baijiafan are one of the folk cultures in Henan. Baijiayi is a kind of baby clothes, which is made of 100 pieces of cloth contributed by families, hence the name Baijiayi.
Military ideology and culture: Henan has been the military center of China since ancient times. There are countless wars and battles in various periods in history, and it is rich in political and military ideology and culture. Liu Tao, written by Lu Shang (Jiang Ziya,) whose ancestral home is Nanyang, reflects the military thoughts of Shang and Zhou Dynasties. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the famous politician and thinker (Nanyang people) assisted Gou Jian, the King of Yue, in destroying Wu (paying a salary and tasting courage) and put forward a simple materialistic strategic view: those who hold interests and heaven, those who live in peace with others, and those who save things and land. Flexible and changeable tactical view: yin is used later, yang is used first; Use softness when you are near, and use rigidity when you are far away. The national defense concept of enriching the country and strengthening the people: you can fight if you are prepared, and you can cope with difficulties if you are prepared. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gui Guzi's vertical and horizontal skills (the representative of vertical and horizontal thinking), his disciples Su Qin and Zhang Yi guided Qin to unify China with the vertical and horizontal skills of Lian Heng; Three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty, a famous counselor and politician, Sean inherited Huang Shigong's "three views" (Huang Shigong's three views); During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, a wise man in Nanyang, put forward the strategic decision of "three points in the world" when he was young, and finally formed a situation of tripartite confrontation among the three countries; Yue Jiajun, led by the national hero Yue Fei, was invincible, stopped the southward movement and attacked Jin's aggression. Jin Jun sighed: "It is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue family army." His outstanding military strategy and tactics are embodied in his famous artistic work The Book of Yue Wumu. The dialects of local residents in Henan Province are mainly Zhongyuan Mandarin and Jin dialect.
Zhongyuan Mandarin is the main dialect in Henan Province, and Henan dialect in a narrow sense refers to Zhongyuan Mandarin. Central Plains Mandarin is centered in Henan Province and represented by Henan dialect, covering 390 cities and counties in northern China. There are 15 dialects in Central Plains, among which there are 9 Henan dialects, namely Yanhe, Ryan, Anxin, Luo Song, Lu Nan, Luo Xiang, Fu Shang, Xinbang and Fenhe.
Jin dialect is distributed in the area north of the Yellow River in Henan Province, which mainly belongs to Han Xin dialect of Jin dialect, represented by Anyang dialect. The cities in the Jin dialect area are: Anyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo and Taihang Mountain in Jiyuan.