Who has put forward good or bad ideas in history,

Qin: After the reunification of Li, Prime Minister Wang Wan first proposed that the whole country was too big to be managed, and asked Qin Shihuang's son to be crowned king like the Zhou Dynasty. Qin Shihuang held a meeting of ministers to discuss, and the ministers all agreed with Wang Wan's opinion, but only Li Si put forward different opinions. Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang have many children, he said. Later, they alienated each other and regarded each other as enemies. Wars are frequent, and the Zhou Emperor can't ban them. Now that the world is unified, the counties and counties must implement it, and the world can be peaceful. Qin Shihuang also believed that the world had been unified, and the establishment of many other countries was not conducive to reunification and peace could not be guaranteed, so he supported Li Si's opinion. Therefore, he divided the country into 36 counties, with counties under them. Compared with the enfeoffment system, the county system is an improvement and is conducive to national unity. This set of feudal centralization fundamentally eradicated the scourge of vassal state separatism and played a positive role in consolidating national unity and promoting social development. Therefore, this system has been used for nearly two thousand years in the feudal society after Qin Dynasty. In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang accepted the suggestion of Prime Minister Li Si that "the characters should be written in the same language" and ordered the whole country to ban the ancient characters left by the vassal states, and all the characters should be Qin Zhuan Xiao Zhuan. Prior to this, China's writing experienced a long evolution and development process from the embryonic stage of painted pottery depicting characters in the Neolithic Age, through the bronze inscriptions in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. During the Warring States period, due to the separatist regime, "the princes were in power, not unified with the monarch, and they all lost their classics", which led to the phenomenon of "different languages and different characters", which led to regional differences in Chinese characters in this period. Originally there was only one way to write a word. At this time, Chyi Chin is often different, while Zhao Yan is different. Therefore, a unified China urgently needs a unified official script. Li Si was ordered by Qin Shihuang to make this standard character, which is Xiao Zhuan. Xu Shen wrote about the origin of Xiao Zhuan in Shuo Wen Jie Zi? "Xu" said: When Li Si and others were ordered by Qin Shihuang to make standard characters, "they all took the stone script big seal or made some changes, so-called small seal". The name Xiao Zhuan is also an honorific title for Da Zhuan. Then, in order to promote the unified writing, Lisi wrote seven Cang Xie, each with four words as a sentence, which was used as a study textbook for people to copy. Soon, Lishu adopted the calligraphy style created by a slave named Cheng Miao in Qin Dynasty, which broke the tortuous structure of seal script and formed a new calligraphy style-Lishu. Since then, official script, as a kind of official script, began in Qin dynasty and flourished in Han dynasty, and was gradually replaced by regular script in Wei and Jin dynasties. However, as calligraphy art, seal script and official script are deeply loved by future generations because of their unique styles. The four major calligraphy styles in China are true, including cursive script, official script and seal script, of which official script and seal script account for half of the country. Li Si's contribution has reached 1000 years. Before the unification of unified measurement and Qin, there was no unified standard of weights and measures in China. The rulers of various countries have formulated different units of calculation and different counting systems according to their own preferences. This complex and diverse primitive state of weights and measures can only meet the needs of the political separatist society. After the establishment of the unified Qin Dynasty, in order not to affect the economic exchange and development of the dynasty, Li Si played the role of emperor, and suggested abolishing the old system of six countries and clarifying unified measurement from the chaotic situation, which was approved by Qin Shihuang. Therefore, under the personal command of Reese, the system of weights and measures takes inches, feet and feet as units and adopts decimal counting; The metering system takes assembly, lift, bucket and barrel as units, and also adopts decimal calculation; The system of weights and measures is based on baht, two Jin, Jin, Jun and stone, with twenty-four baht as one Liang, sixteen Liang as one Jin, thirty Jin as one Jun and four Jun as one stone. In order to unify standards and instruments effectively, Reese also took measures from the system and law to ensure the accurate implementation of weights and measures. This is another amazing work after Qin Wang unified China and Li Si became prime minister. Its influence is self-evident. For thousands of years, this measurement method has never changed regardless of the change of dynasties. Even today, it still exists in our lives. In 220 BC, Qin Shihuang, who unified China for more than a year, gradually became worried. If the huge centralized government wants to make government orders smooth and materials exchange convenient in the vast territory, it must change the previous traffic conditions. At this time, Reese, who knew the emperor's mind, immediately suggested the unification of cars and tracks throughout the country and the construction of Chidao throughout the country. In this way, a large-scale movement to unify tracks and build lanes was launched nationwide. Li Si, centering on Xianyang, the capital city, successively built two equatorial lines, one leading eastward to Qianyan and Qi areas (now Hebei and Shandong) and the other to Nantong and Wu Chu (now Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang). This galloping road has a solid foundation and a width of 50 steps. A pine tree is planted every three feet along the road. Later, a "straight road" was built, from Jiuyuan County to Xianyang, with a total length of 1800 Li. Wuchi Road is also built in today's Yunnan and Guizhou areas to facilitate the traffic in the Central Plains and Southwest China. In Hunan and Jiangxi, a "new road" will be built to climb the five mountains to facilitate the traffic between the two places. In this way, a transportation network extending in all directions with Xianyang as the center connects all parts of the country. At the same time, in order to match the road, Reese also stipulated that the uniform width of the rails should be six feet to ensure the smooth running of vehicles. Unified Currency In 2 10 BC, that is, in the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shihuang, before Qin Shihuang's last outing, that is, before he died in a sand dune, Lisi made his last important memorial to Qin Shihuang: he abolished the currencies of six countries that were in circulation outside Qin Dynasty and unified the currencies of the whole country. This action was called "the thirty-seventh year of the first emperor, and the money was recovered" by Sima Qian's Historical Records. Although this move was of little use to the economic development of the Qin Dynasty, it had a great influence on later generations. At the beginning, although most Qin countries unified China and the world, only the currency still used the form of the past. There are cloth coins, knife coins, shell coins and round coins in the market, which are very inconvenient to use. Therefore, it is urgent to unify the currency and settlement system and unify the currency casting. Under the auspices of Reese, the currency stipulated that the upper currency was gold, each pot weighed 24 taels, the lower currency was half taels of copper, and ten thousand coppers were exchanged for one tael of gold. It is also forbidden to use pearls, jade, turtles, shellfish, silver, tin, etc. as decorations and treasures, let alone as money. At the same time, it is stipulated that the right to coin money belongs to the state, and private individuals are not allowed to coin money, and offenders are convicted. Reese's move was regarded as a pioneering work in economic history by later generations. The square hole (commonly known as Qin Banliang) that he presided over at the beginning was used until the end of Qing Dynasty because of its reasonable design and convenient use and carrying. At this point, Reese completed his last mission in assisting Qin Shihuang to save the world. Looking at these actions of Reese, it can be said that in the history of China for thousands of years, celebrity ministers abound, and there are many masters in previous dynasties, but most of them are only in the current dynasty, and the situation has changed. And almost every major event that Reese does can have an effect that affects thousands of years, and it will affect future generations. Sima Qian commented on Lisi in Historical Records: Lisi, as an ordinary civilian, served Qin, and assisted Qin Shihuang with opportunities and abilities. If all kinds of unbearable evil deeds (killing Han Fei, burning books and tampering with the imperial edict) had not ruined his reputation, then his achievements could be comparable to those of Duke Zhou and Zhao Gong.