The DPP Central Committee intends to submit the Proposal on Strengthening Ethical Governance in the Field of Artificial Intelligence in China to the 14th session of the CPPCC for deliberation.
In the proposal, the DPP Central Committee pointed out that Report to the 20th CPC National Congress proposed to build a new growth engine in artificial intelligence and other fields. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the ethical challenges of science and technology are increasingly prominent. Recently, ChatGPT, which is popular all over the Internet, has once again aroused the international community's attention to ethical issues in the field of artificial intelligence. The Central Office and the State Council issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Ethical Governance of Science and Technology, taking artificial intelligence as one of the key areas that need to be strengthened. Ethical governance in the field of artificial intelligence in China still faces many problems.
First, the system construction is relatively backward.
In terms of system, there is a relative lack of enforceable laws and regulations, and the bottom line of compliance and punishment is not clear enough. In management, the lack of overall planning is more prominent, the division of responsibilities is not clear enough, and there are still gaps in ethical governance review and supervision.
Second, capacity building is relatively weak.
Ethical governance in the field of artificial intelligence in China is still in its infancy, and there are some problems such as unreasonable personnel composition, weak ethical awareness, insufficient professional ability, imperfect work rules and operating norms. Capacity building needs to be further strengthened.
Third, there is a lack of enterprise participation in governance.
China is still in the initial exploration stage in promoting the independent participation of artificial intelligence enterprises in ethical governance, lacking clear provisions and operational institutional guarantee on the boundaries and mechanisms of enterprise participation, and facing problems such as weak willingness, lack of experience and ability of enterprises to participate in governance.
Solution:
The first is to build a multi-party governance system.
Led by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the top-level structure of ethical governance in the field of artificial intelligence is designed from the aspects of leading institutions, organizational structure, field division of labor and social coordination. It clarifies the obligations and responsibilities that all parties in the artificial intelligence application chain need to fulfill. Promote the construction of laws and regulations, clarify the bottom line of legal compliance, and clarify the penalties for data abuse and infringement of personal privacy. At the same time, through the "soft law" methods such as national standards, enterprise standards and enterprise self-discipline rules, enterprises are guided to adapt to innovation. Absorb experts from artificial intelligence enterprises as members of the artificial intelligence sub-committee of the National Science and Technology Ethics Committee to better study and solve the ethical problems faced by enterprises in technological innovation. Give full play to the scientific and technological ethics consulting role of the national new generation of artificial intelligence governance professional Committee, and conduct forward-looking pre-research and pre-judgment around the possible ethical risks in technological development. Give full play to the role of national science and technology think tanks and related research forces, systematically study and reserve ethical issues of artificial intelligence, and provide decision-making consulting support.
The second is to carry out multi-dimensional and multi-level ethical construction.
Carry out value-sensitive design in the whole life cycle, analyze the possible ethical problems of new technologies in the research and development stage, and control potential ethical risks from the source; In the design and manufacturing stage, weigh the cost and benefit of new products being accepted by the society morally; In the experimental promotion stage, new products should be adjusted according to social values to improve their compatibility with social values; In the stage of deployment and application, analyze the user's recognition and acceptance of new products, and examine and reflect on the ethical risks caused by the application process. Ethical regulation should be carried out for multi-application scenarios. The ethical issues and priorities of artificial intelligence in different application scenarios are different, and its ethical regulation needs to be studied separately. Daily applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnosis need ethical regulation by enterprises and the public according to the characteristics of application scenarios and practical ethical issues; The ethical risks brought by the application of artificial intelligence technology in military confrontation need to be restrained by international agreements. To carry out cross-disciplinary ethical regulation, artificial intelligence and other disciplines cross to form new fields, such as artificial intelligence and neural technology cross to form brain-like organs, and it is necessary to conduct differentiated ethical regulation research according to the characteristics of each cross-field.
The third is to encourage enterprises to participate in governance independently.
The driving forces of defining corporate ethical governance mainly include: becoming an enterprise that abides by ethical rules and establishing a corporate image in the industry; The products of enterprises should not only be competitive in technology, but also gain the trust of consumers and the industry in ethics; Introduce responsible new technologies on a global scale and lead the development direction of artificial intelligence. Carry out the cultivation of enterprise ethical awareness, strengthen the training and study of artificial intelligence ethics of enterprise executives, and improve the ability of ethical cognition and judgment; For technical R&D personnel, advocate them to carry out responsible technical R&D and establish the moral concept of "honesty and responsibility". Learn from the experience of international artificial intelligence companies such as Microsoft in setting up ethics committees, support the establishment of ethics committees within enterprises, and examine the risks that artificial intelligence may bring, such as out of control, infringement, discrimination, and responsibility, so as to provide necessary conditions for them to carry out their work independently.