First of all, psychological counselors and psychiatrists are different occupations, and their main working objects are also different (counselors face non-mental patients and deal with psychological problems). Doctors face mental patients and deal with mental illness.
Psychological counselors can't prescribe drugs, and their working methods are mainly to talk and deal with the psychological problems of visitors. Doctors mainly diagnose diseases, and the main way is to prescribe drugs for treatment. The above are obvious differences between the two, but they are not absolute. (and there are psychiatrists who have also received psychological counseling training. )
The above is popular science. Then answer your question.
Counselors usually listen to your questions and descriptions, and then ask questions. Different schools ask questions in different ways. Generally, there is no need to do scale tests.
First of all, it will evaluate whether your problem belongs to psychological problems and whether it is suitable for psychological counseling. If you think there is a possibility of mental illness, you will be advised to go to the hospital for examination, but you won't directly say what's wrong with you (the professional qualification of psychological counselor can't diagnose mental illness).
If it is suitable for psychological counseling, such as psychoanalysis, the school will discuss with you what kind of subconscious is behind your psychological problems and how it affects them.