According to the different forms, contents, time, objects and administrators of education, education can also be divided into general education, professional education, amateur education, overseas Chinese education, minority education, special education, and national education, collective education and private education.
According to different historical periods, education can be divided into primitive social education, slave social education and feudal social education (collectively referred to as ancient education), capitalist education and socialist education.
The lower limit of ancient education in China was 1904. On the eve of the Revolution of 1911, the Qing government promulgated the Regulations on Playing Schools (also known as "Guimao Academic System"), namely 19 1 1. The transformation of modern education in China began after the Opium War, with foreign churches, westernization and reformism. It was not until 1902 that the Qing court published the Charter of Wang School drafted by Zhang Baixi, a senior minister of the Department of Education, which was called "non-Yin academic system" and was not implemented. 1903, the Qing court ordered Cecilia Cheung, Rong Lu, Zhang Zhidong, etc. Based on the Japanese academic system, the Regulations on Playing Schools was drafted and promulgated and implemented in the following year (1904), which marked the transformation.
Extended data
Official education
The emergence, development and decline of the central official school were adapted to and served the political and economic development of China feudal society.
Although there was a saying in the Western Zhou Dynasty that "learning lies in official learning", the central official learning established by the imperial court was formally founded in the Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the political situation was chaotic and official studies were fashionable and outdated. By the Tang Dynasty, the central government had a complete erudite system and reached its peak. After the Southern Song Dynasty, official learning gradually declined. In the late feudal society, the central official school gradually declined and actually became a vassal of the imperial examination system, which existed in name only. In the late Qing Dynasty, the ancient official schools in China were completely replaced by western schools and school education.
The education of central officials can be divided into the following types:
highest institution of learning
Imperial College and Imperial College
The Han Dynasty paid special attention to the development of official learning, with emphasis on imperial learning. From the 5th year of the Yuan Dynasty (BC 124), there were 50 doctoral students in imperial academy, which increased to 3,000 by the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the number of students in imperial academy increased to more than 30,000. The scale of Imperial College in Han Dynasty is rare in the world. Guo Zi Temple was established by Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, and it was renamed as imperial academy when Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty. This was the beginning of the establishment of specialized education management institutions in China, which lasted until the Qing Dynasty. Imperial academy and imperial academy were the main places where feudal dynasties trained talents. They have accumulated a lot of valuable experience in running schools and educating people, prospering academics and developing imperial examinations, which occupies an important position in the history of education in China and the world.
Baidu Encyclopedia-China Ancient Education