Ideas and main points of writing a business plan First of all, clearly explain in a few sentences what gaps you have found in the current market, or what problems exist and how serious the problems are. A few words are enough. Many people wrote 300 pieces of paper and copied some reports. Investors watch this every day. Do you still need to educate him? For example, there is a serious problem of number theft in the online game market. You have a product that can solve this problem, and it is clear in one sentence.
Second, what kind of solutions or products do you have to solve this problem? What is your solution or product, and what functions do you provide?
Third, which user groups will your product face? There must be a division of user groups.
Fourth, explain your competitiveness. Why can you do this while others can't? Do you have more free bandwidth, or can storage be free? This is just an analogy. Otherwise, anyone can do it. Why should I invest in you? What are your special core competencies? What is the difference? Therefore, the key is not the size of what you do, but whether you can do better than others and do differently from others.
Fifth, demonstrate how big this market is. What do you think is the future of this market?
Sixth, explain how you will make money. If you really don't know how to make money, it goes without saying. You can honestly say that I don't know how to make money, but there are 100 million users in China who can use it. If 100 million people use it, I think it must have its value. It doesn't matter if you can't figure out how to make money. Investors are more experienced than you. Just tell him how valuable your product is.
Seventh, tell investors in a few simple sentences whether anyone is still doing this market and what the specific situation is. Don't say, "I've never thought of it." Investors will ask a question mark when they hear this. It's not terrible to let others do the same thing. What is important is whether you can have a basic understanding and an objective understanding of this industry. To tell the truth and do practical things, we can do some simple pros and cons analysis.
Eighth, highlight your own highlights. Just a little brighter than each other. There must be many problems with the new product, which shows where your advantage lies.
Ninth, it can be easier to do financial analysis on the penultimate piece of paper. Don't budget how much money you will earn in the next three years. No one will believe you. Tell me how much money you need in the next year or half a year, and what will you do with it?
Tenth, finally, if others are still willing to listen, introduce your team, the excellence of team members and what you have done.
How to write a business plan? In fact, there is no fixed formula for the business plan itself. The simplest version I have ever seen is only five pages. An entrepreneur in Silicon Valley successfully integrated and founded many companies with those five pages of PPT. But I think the key to his success is that he has successfully done many companies. People can do it with 5 pages of PPT. Actually, its length is not important. The key is what we need to pay attention to.
Why write a business plan? Improve your dream reserve? But I think it's more than that. This is also a tool to promote your dreams. It is very, very important to clear your mind. When we think in our heads, it's probably like this, but when we start writing, you will find it much more difficult. The most typical is where our own core competitiveness lies. I think it's hard to write clearly if you really write it. When you force yourself to write clearly in a few simple points, you are already forcing yourself to organize your thoughts.
I think the most important core issue of the business plan is not to tell investors how I can make a profit from this thing, but how I can control the risk. The so-called venture capitalists don't take risks at all. He wants to take a risk-free project, so you have to tell him how this project is risk-free.
Here are three keys:
First, we should attach importance to business plans and ask the founders to write them themselves. Anyway, I have never seen a successful business plan written by others.
Second, this thing must be an iterative process. It is a particularly good process to keep writing, communicating and sorting out ideas, being criticized by others, being criticized by your friends, and changing them when you come back.
Third, be honest and never tell lies. Of course, if you say something selectively, I think it is also a strategy that can be adopted. I don't think you can lie.
The first page first explains clearly what we are going to do.
Understand our products or services, what to do and what problems to help users solve in the simplest words, preferably the unmet needs in the market at present.
You have to have a foundation to talk to him about the whole thing. He needs to know what you are probably doing. But I don't think we should go deep into this place. Better say elevator sales. Can you clarify this question in 1 minute, and then quickly enter the following topic? Because, from the beginning of this place, there are many things we hope we can't do.
In investment negotiations, I think the most important strategy is to defeat the enemy without fighting. What does it mean to defeat the enemy without fighting?
You know what question he wants to ask you, you tell him the answer first. If you wait until he asks you, you will have to start the discussion. As you know, investors are always awesome, and he still has a lot of data. He tells you some things that challenge you, and some things are hard to refute. Therefore, it is best to say that the whole strategy should first think about what questions he will ask and what issues he is most concerned about. Asking this question may be the quickest way to eliminate a problem.
Who does page two say we are?
I think the introduction team must be in front, as far as possible. Sometimes give me a PPT page and turn it over from beginning to end just to find the page of the team, because Xu Xiaoping is a typical investor-oriented. All investment institutions attach great importance to the team. The more the early projects pay attention to the team, why keep him waiting? When he is waiting, he can't concentrate on what you say.
The boss here is actively answering a question. Why are you doing this? What we told him is how awesome our team is, and what we want to do is to answer his questions. Why us? It is very useful to make clear what kind of experience we have, and the accumulation is unique.
In terms of the number of people, this is a statistic anyway, and the success rate of two people is the highest. Founder, I feel that investors still prefer the combination of marketing and technology, because technology entrepreneurship is the mainstream in this era, but without marketing, they know very well that a technomaniac can't make a good company, so this is the combination.
I emphasize that I think it is necessary to talk about vision. Investors especially like to talk about the English word vision. Don't think they are fake foreign devils, especially their foresight. It is the following sentence that entrepreneurs who don't want to be 1 100 million companies are not good entrepreneurs. What he wants is several times, even dozens of times, which is definitely not something that an entrepreneur without foresight can do. Only a handful of entrepreneurs can make such opportunities dozens of times, or wait for thousands of times in their lives. Although we all know that the chances of success are low, we must give him such a dream. Since we are showing our dreams and feelings, we should tell him that we are next. No matter who Jobs is, we just want to be the best company and a visionary.
Page 3 Market Analysis
Market analysis is necessary. Let's talk about a few details first. One is to quote authoritative market size analysis. It's good that every number we talk about has a source and basis. If we are an emerging market and there is no authoritative report that can directly draw results, then you must quote very authoritative basic data and use very conservative calculation methods. Your conservatism actually shows how safe you are.
The speed of market growth is very important. For example, the security market I do is quite small. When I did it, it was only10 billion, which just reached the bottom line of their psychological threshold. But I told him that this curve may be vertical and everyone will be more excited.
Is the market mature? That's why we answered him in our hearts. Why are we doing this now? Because everyone has heard this sentence, people who are one step ahead of the market are all dead, and those who are half a step ahead of the market are all very good.
What kind of core competitiveness do we have?
Core competitiveness is actually very important, but I think it is difficult to solve. I think the so-called core competitiveness is the difference between us and others. There is also a saying among investment managers of all investment companies that creativity is worthless. I have come into contact with many young entrepreneurs, especially young small entrepreneurs. When he tells you an idea, he refuses to say it, or keeps half of it. This is a kind of self-security protection, but in fact, investment companies see countless statements every day. In fact, they don't think what you think is the key at all. As I said just now, the team is the key. What is the final realization of the team?
What kind of core competitiveness do we have? In the early days, what you have to convince investors is that we are different from others, whether it is technology, market or what kind of characteristics, so as to grab the market quickly.
So how do you find your core competitiveness? I think it's really hard. Indeed, every entrepreneur must question himself very strictly, why our team can do this, and whether we have a lot of accumulation in our own field.
Even if you can't come up with a complete statement in the end, you have at least carefully considered all the possibilities, and investors will certainly continue to challenge you on this issue. If you think about everything carefully, at least you think it is serious and thoughtful.
Page 5 Business model
In fact, the core of the whole thing is the core competitiveness of the previous page. Business model, the simpler the model, the better. A complex model, every step, there will be one more fault point in the middle. If these failure factors are combined, the probability of failure will be much greater, so investors must not invest in a complex business model.
As a security guard, I told him what the business model was. Charge, this model is simple enough, our user base is large enough, and everyone can charge less.
Of course, this is a little weak, you have to give him imagination. I have a business model syllogism: how to survive in the near future and how to make money in the medium term. The third paragraph is very simple, but there must be a third paragraph, that is, how to get to a company with 654.38 billion US dollars in the future. We have immediate reality, medium-term efforts and long-term prospects.
Page 6 Income
Income, we have to make a very detailed calculation table. Income investors are actually aware of it. But if you determine what kind of income and points you can really achieve in the next month, two months and three months, then this is another topic. These figures are completely inaccurate for inexperienced people.
I think it is very important to calculate how much money we spent and where we spent it. The money you want to spend is very reasonable, and this thing is a foreshadowing, because how much is the early venture estimated? It doesn't make much sense, so let's see how much the company spends and how much you can ask for.
Tell him the current progress, company situation, team, products, revenue and road map. I think this is a necessary page, but actually the important one has been mentioned just now.
Page 7 Competition Analysis
Competition analysis, I think this is still something more important. People who have not carefully considered the competition are definitely not mature entrepreneurs. If someone follows, what are our barriers? If you made it clear in the moat just now, this thing is unnecessary.
Several bosses of BAT have said that our company is only a few months away from bankruptcy, which is a bit exaggerated. Although it is not planned to close in a few months, it may close in two or three years.
Therefore, Ma said, if there is no WeChat, you can't board this wave of mobile Internet. You can think about it. Without WeChat Tencent, it would be very, very dangerous. We should have this kind of risk awareness and vigilance ourselves. We are doing a very awesome business, whether it will cease to exist tomorrow.
Many times we are begging investors to give us money, so we have to make a plan more acceptable to investors. The seed stage and angel stage are generally diluted by about 10% for a sum of money. Every investment institution has its own design that is the easiest for him to give money. You have to talk to him about the upper limit he designed, and it is difficult for the investment manager to handle this matter when he goes back.
My observation of financing, on the one hand, is my own financing ability. It is important that the situation is better than others. What kind of financing environment you were in at that time was definitely better than your own project and your own ability. To put it another way, this is also an ability to grasp the ups and downs of the financing industry.
Also, at this stage, it is very important to get money as soon as possible.
Ask and answer. A
Q: I am currently doing BP, in the Angel Wheel. For example, two sets of figures, the first set is 5 million, making it 15%, and the second set is 3 million, making it 10%. I don't care whether my strategy is to let such a person come in first or not to ask too little.
M: In my own opinion, first of all, let's see if 3 million is enough.
Q: Not enough.
M: If it's not enough, there won't be this option. I think you must have had enough.
Q: I mean, if you want less, let him come in first. Don't ask too many questions, no one will talk to you.
M: Don't care too much about the price. Get the money quickly. This is my basic point of view. But my place
So there is a different judgment here, but I think if this money doesn't mean anything to you, why do you want it? I think it's faster, I don't care how much, it's on the premise of enough.
Of course, if this investor is very good at financing and knows what you are doing very well, he is willing to help you enter the next round, which may be another factor to consider. Such people can be introduced. If he can help you get the next round smoothly, it is a value that can release part of your energy.
How to write a successful business plan? The business plan is not completed in the same day, because it is a process of continuous improvement and is influenced by many external factors, such as economic environment and geographical influence. However, the overall business plan will contain several main factors. In the next time, we will learn more business plans for entrepreneurs and help them embark on the road of financing.
1. Summary
Introduction to the whole business plan, company history and basic status quo of the company. In the summary, you should arouse the interest of investors to continue reading. It can be better summed up.
Specifically, the summary includes the following contents:
(1) The mission statement is even a picture.
(II) Time of establishment of the company
(3) Bank relationship and existing investor information
(4) Milestones of the company's development (such as doubling the company's growth within one year after its establishment or being the first company in the industry to provide certain services).
If you just start a business and some of the above contents can't be presented to investors, then you should focus on your experience and professional background and show your determination to start a business. You can describe the problems and solutions in the target market and tell investors about your innovation. Make sure that your business is what consumers need, and then describe your outlook for the company.
Maybe you will meet an investor who asks you to present your summary in the form of a table. At this time, the title of the content should be as broad as possible, in other words, avoid detailed description.
2. Market analysis
2. 1
One mistake is to think that you can sell your products to everyone, and such a target market positioning will often fail.
2.2 Market testing
Remember, you only need to write the test results into the business plan, so you only need to pay attention to the results. Details of the test are attached. Market testing includes information and demonstrations of potential customers and existing customers, the importance of adapting to the needs of the target market, and the price that the market accepts your products or services.
2.3 Production preparation stage
When you are ready, you should specify the preparation stage of your product or service.
2.4 competitor analysis
How important is the target market to competitors when doing competitor analysis?
New competitors will enter the market.
The ability to meet the needs of consumers;
They don't have strong market penetration, their work records are not up to standard, and they are qualified.
If your target market is highly competitive, you should be prepared to overcome some obstacles, including:
(1) The investment cost is high;
(2) the time required to set up the enterprise;
(3) changing technology;
(4) Lack of talents;
(5) customer resistance;
(6) Existing patents and trademarks that you cannot infringe;
3. Company Profile
The company profile is the third part of the business plan, and there is no need to describe in detail the quality and success factors of the company.
Family needs planning, and finally find out the specific individuals or organizations to meet these needs.
4. Organization and management
Company management team and board of directors.
Ownership information includes the legal structure of the company and the subsequent ownership. Did you merge the company? If it has been merged, is your company C or S? Maybe you have formed a cooperative relationship with a company. If so, is the partner a general relationship or a responsible shareholder? Maybe your company is a joint venture,
Important ownership information that should be included in your business plan includes:
(1) Name of the owner;
(2) Proportion of owners;
(3) the degree of participation in company affairs;
(4) the form of ownership of the company, namely common stock, preferred stock, general partner and limited liability shareholder;
(5) Outstanding equity equivalents, such as options, warrants and convertible bonds;
(5) Common stock.
4.3 Management Team
(1) Name
(2) location
(3) Main responsibilities and authority
(4) Education level
(5) Professional knowledge
/kloc-a sales team of 0/0 people and a department that manages 15 people, the annual income increased by 15% in the first half of the year, and two sales outlets were expanded every year, and the customer service score increased from 60% to 90%.
We should also emphasize how the abilities of people around us complement each other. If you are just starting a business, emphasize the role of everyone's expertise in the success of the company.
4.4 Board of Directors
The main advantage of the free advisory committee is that it can provide you with expert advice for free, and having a list of board members of famous and successful people in the industry can enhance the company's reputation and perceived management experience.
If your company has a board of directors, you need to write the following information in the business plan:
(1) Names of members of the board of directors
(2) Position on the board of directors
(3) Participate in company affairs
(4) background
(V) Contribution to the Company
Among them, marketing strategy is the business and loyalty strategy you are implementing.
A complete marketing strategy should include four parts:
5. Market penetration strategy
Development strategy: this part includes internal strategies, such as how to increase your human resources; The acquisition strategy is to acquire another company; Franchising strategy of branches; The horizontal strategy is to provide similar products to different customers; Vertical strategy refers to the distribution chain strategy that provides the same product but aims at different levels.
Distribution channel strategy: The selection of distribution channels should include original equipment manufacturers, internal sales teams, distributors and retailers. Communication strategy, public relations, personnel promotion and some leaflets.
Sales strategy includes the following two important parts:
? The number of sales team, what recruitment strategy will you adopt? Figures, the average cost of each sale.
6. Service or product line
The service or product line is the sixth part of the business plan. In this section, describe your product or service and emphasize the benefits of potential customers and existing customers. For example, if you open a restaurant, don't tell your investors how many dishes your restaurant has, but tell them why your restaurant is so busy. Professionals prefer to shop in stores that record customer preferences. To choose an industry where you have obvious advantages, this part should include:
A detailed description of the product or service
Copyright, patent and trade secret information: discussion or non-competition agreement.
(R & ampd): This part includes any work related to new product development.
Step 7 achieve your goals
Current financing needs, financing needs in the next five years, the use of funds, and any long-term financial strategies that affect your financing. When you summarize the current and future financing needs, be sure to explain the amount of funds, the term of each financing, the type of funds you need and the terms you apply.
For investors, how you use the funds you raise is very important. Is it used for capital expenditure (spending on purchasing, increasing, improving or extending the life of fixed assets) or working capital or repaying debts or acquisitions? All these should be listed in this section.
Finally, be sure to list any strategic information that will affect your future financial situation, such as your company's listing, debt acquisition, debt repayment plan, and whether you intend to sell the company in the near future. These strategic information are very important to your investors, because they have a direct impact on your company's solvency.
8. Appendix
The appendix shall include the following contents:
(1) Resumes of key persons
(2) Product pictures
(3) the details of market research
(4) Business consultant members, including lawyers and accountants.
You should stop copying your business plan. Make a record. Also remember, if you plan to raise money, attach a disclaimer.