Information management refers to the information that people collect, process, input and output in the whole management process. The process of information management includes information collection, information transmission, information processing and information storage. Information collection is the acquisition of original information. Information transmission is the transmission of information in time and space, because information can only play a role if it is sent to the people in need in time and accurately. Information processing includes the conversion of information form and the processing of information content. The form transformation of information refers to the accurate transmission of information to the recipient by changing the carrier in the process of information transmission The content processing of information refers to the processing and arrangement of original information and the in-depth disclosure of information content. After the information content is processed, the input information can be turned into needed information and used effectively in time. When the information is sent to users, some of it is useless when it is not used, and some of it needs to be kept for reference and retention after work. This is information storage. Through the storage of information, we can reveal regular things from it, and we can also use it repeatedly.
The meaning of knowledge management
From the perspective of enterprise management, it can be defined as follows: knowledge management refers to the management activities to improve the innovation ability of enterprises through the development and effective utilization of enterprise knowledge resources, thus improving the ability of enterprises to create value.
According to this definition, the ultimate goal of knowledge management, like other management goals, is to improve the ability of enterprises to create value. However, the direct purpose of knowledge management is to improve the innovation ability of enterprises, which is also the direct driving force for the inevitable emergence and widespread rise of knowledge management in the new economic period.
In the process of changing from industrial economy to knowledge economy, in the era of knowledge economy, enterprise innovation is the basic way for enterprises to win competitive advantage and improve market competitiveness, and the increasingly irreplaceable role of knowledge resources in improving enterprise productivity and wealth growth is the main source of enterprise innovation.
The main task of knowledge management is to comprehensively and fully develop and effectively use the knowledge resources of enterprises, which is also a major aspect that distinguishes knowledge management from other management. In the past, knowledge, as the fundamental force of enterprise innovation, was not managed comprehensively as a relatively independent resource system, regardless of whether its object was people or things.
Knowledge management is different from information management. Information management mainly focuses on establishing and maintaining a smooth and efficient information network. Engaged in information collection, retrieval, selection, classification, storage, transmission and analysis. Although in the advanced stage of information management, information managers also participate in some strategic analysis of business competition, there is no special requirement on how to use information for enterprise innovation in information management, and there is often insufficient communication between information managers and information users of enterprises. And knowledge management is to comprehensively manage all the knowledge of an enterprise, including information. It is necessary to coordinate the knowledge resources of enterprises and combine them with other resources to devote themselves to the innovative activities of enterprises. Therefore, compared with knowledge management, information management is only a part of knowledge management.
What is the difference between information management and knowledge management?
The Relationship and Difference between Knowledge Management and Information Management
Compared with knowledge management, information management has a long history of development. Although people have different understandings and definitions of information management, they have not yet acquired the knowledge of information management. However, due to the important role of information in scientific research, management and decision-making, the word information management has once become a hot topic of research. The concept of knowledge management was put forward only in recent years. Nowadays, knowledge management and innovation have become the core of enterprise, country and social development. The important reason is that knowledge has replaced capital as the fundamental driving force for enterprise growth and the main source of competitiveness. What is the relationship between information management and knowledge management? Some people oppose knowledge management and information management, emphasizing the difference between them; Many people think that knowledge management is information management. Most people think that although there are great differences between information management and knowledge management, it is precisely because of the close relationship between knowledge and information itself that they are closely related. It is of great significance to clarify the relationship between them in both theoretical research and practical application. Essentially, knowledge management is not only the inheritance and further development on the basis of information management, but also the sublation of information management. Although there are some differences between them, what is more important is their connection.
First, the concept of information management and knowledge management
1, information management
The term "information management" has been used more and more frequently since it was put forward abroad in 1970s. There are many different explanations about the concept of "information management" abroad. The accepted concept of information management can be summarized as follows: information management is a strategic management to develop, plan, control, integrate and utilize information resources in order to meet organizational requirements and solve organizational environmental problems. At the same time, the development of information management can be divided into three periods: the traditional management period based on library work, the technical management period characterized by information system and the resource management period characterized by information resource management.
2. Knowledge management
As knowledge management is a new thing in the field of management, there is no widely recognized definition at present. Karl e swilby defines knowledge management from the perspective of epistemology, and thinks that knowledge management is "the art of creating value by using intangible assets of an organization". Ikujiro Nonaka, a famous knowledge professor at hitotsubashi university in Tokyo, believes that knowledge can be divided into explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is formal knowledge that has been summarized and basically accepted. It exists in digital form or can be directly digitized and easy to spread. Tacit knowledge is informal knowledge that has not been summarized from employees' minds or basically accepted. It is empirical knowledge based on intuition, subjective knowledge and belief. Explicit knowledge is easy to enjoy, but the fundamental source of innovation is tacit knowledge. On this basis, Ikujiro Nonaka put forward the SECI model of knowledge innovation: socialization, that is, the process of generating new tacit knowledge through enjoying experience; Externalization is the process of expressing tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge; Combination, that is, the process of combining explicit knowledge to form a more complex and systematic explicit knowledge system; Internalization, that is, the process of transforming explicit knowledge into tacit knowledge, becomes the practical ability of individuals and groups in enterprises.
The Relationship between Information Management and Knowledge Management
Information management has been developed for about 30 years since it was put forward abroad in 1970s. American scholar Ma and Horton divide the development of information management into five stages:
Material control, automation technology management, information resource management, business competition analysis and information and knowledge management. On this basis, some scholars suggest that the development of information management can be divided into three periods: the traditional period based on library work, the technical period characterized by information system and the resource period characterized by information resource management. In the era of knowledge economy, the benefits of efficient development and utilization of knowledge resources make it a new "capital" factor, so knowledge management has also become a hot topic in recent years. Can we define the relationship between Ma and Horton according to their viewpoint that knowledge management is a development stage of information management? The simultaneous development of information management and knowledge management does not seem to support this view. Before discussing the relationship between information management and knowledge management, let's look at the relationship between information and knowledge.
What is the use of knowledge management? What's the difference between it and information management?
Function: Classify and manage complicated knowledge content and format, make knowledge query and transfer easier, make full use of knowledge achievements, improve work efficiency and reduce duplication of work. According to the knowledge base, the study and training plans of various departments and positions are constructed, and self-charging is carried out at any time to become a "learning team". Provide knowledge question-and-answer mode, dig out some empirical knowledge lacking in knowledge base from employees' minds, support remote cooperation, obtain knowledge base content through the Internet, and provide knowledge support for remote work. One of the greatest characteristics of knowledge is its "intangible" characteristics, and "intangible assets" have become more and more important assets of enterprises. As knowledge plays an increasingly important role in the development of enterprises, more and more enterprises rely on knowledge for production and development. This kind of knowledge-based enterprises include all kinds of high-tech enterprises, cultural communication, publishing, news, radio and television, consulting services, finance and insurance, universities and scientific research institutions, service-oriented enterprises and so on. These enterprises have the characteristics that intangible assets are far greater than tangible assets, and their survival and development depend on core products, core technologies, core services and core talents. Whether it can effectively measure, manage and utilize the huge intangible wealth of enterprises has become the core of modern management and the key to the success or failure of enterprise development. So far, the mature management theory and technology can not effectively help the managers of enterprises to change from the management mode in the industrial era to the management mode in the knowledge economy era, so as to effectively manage the huge intangible assets of enterprises.
Difference:
Information management is a social activity in which human beings plan, organize, lead and control information resources with the help of modern information technology in order to effectively develop and utilize information resources. Simply put, information management is the management of information resources and information activities by people. Information management refers to the information that people collect, process, input and output in the whole management process. The process of information management includes information collection, information transmission, information processing and information storage.
Knowledge management is to provide a new way for enterprises to enjoy explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, and knowledge management is to improve the adaptability and innovation ability of enterprises by using collective wisdom. Knowledge management includes several aspects: establishing knowledge base; Promote knowledge exchange among employees; Establish an internal environment that respects knowledge; Manage knowledge as an asset.
What is the difference between information management and knowledge management?
Information management is a social activity that human beings plan, organize, lead and control information resources with the help of modern information technology in order to effectively develop and utilize information resources. Simply put, information management is the management of information resources and information activities by people.
Only management provides a new way for enterprises to enjoy explicit knowledge and intangible knowledge, and knowledge management improves the adaptability and innovation ability of enterprises by using collective wisdom. Knowledge management includes several aspects: establishing knowledge base, promoting knowledge exchange among employees, establishing an internal environment that respects knowledge, and relying on management of this asset.
Information management is data management, and knowledge management is thinking management!
The Relationship between Information Management and Knowledge Management
Information management has been developed for about 30 years since it was put forward abroad in 1970s.
American scholar Ma and Horton divide the development of information management into five stages: material control, automation technology management, information resource management, business competition analysis and intelligence knowledge management. On this basis, some scholars suggest that the development of information management can be divided into three periods: the traditional period based on library work, the technical period characterized by information system and the resource period characterized by information resource management.
In the era of knowledge economy, the benefits of efficient development and utilization of knowledge resources make it a new "capital" factor, so knowledge management has also become a hot topic in recent years. Can we define the relationship between Ma and Horton according to their viewpoint that knowledge management is a development stage of information management? The simultaneous development of information management and knowledge management does not seem to support this view.
Before discussing the relationship between information management and knowledge management, let's look at the relationship between information and knowledge.