Answer 2: The writing background of the word Fu Yongmei is rather complicated. At that time, it was three years of natural disasters, and international anti-China forces were also rampant. The new China is facing a severe test. In February, Mao Zedong planned the upcoming enlarged meeting of the Central Committee. In his spare time, he read Lu You's Yongmei, which inspired him deeply. In connection with the international political struggle, he coined the word "against his will" and expressed a kind of * *. In this regard, Guo Moruo once said: "Chairman's words are written in19611. At that time, American imperialism and its partners were at their most arrogant when they sang anti-China chorus. Chairman wrote this sentence to encourage everyone, which was first circulated in the Party, meaning that he hoped that comrades party member would stick to it and first become unshakable and not afraid of the cold. After more than two years of struggle, the situation improved, the majesty of ice and snow weakened, and the chairman's words were published. Needless to say, I still hope that we will continue to struggle, so that the ice and snow will be completely thawed, the mountains and flowers will be everywhere, and the earth will always be spring. " Write a word with emotion. After reading Lu You's ci, Mao Zedong opposed the negative pessimism and low style of Lu You's original ci, but was in favor of positive optimism, full of hope and confidence, daring to struggle and facing victory squarely. Anti-Lu You is narcissistic and pretentious, but humble and open-minded, regardless of fame and fortune, completely serving the people and revolutionary spirit, thus shaping a brand-new plum blossom image.
Answer 3: In China literature, there are countless poems praising plum blossoms. From emperors, nobles to civilian scribes, Yongmei's works emerge one after another. Yongmei people may fall in love with the fragrance of plum blossoms and focus on depicting their graceful charm; Or admire its noble quality and inject some personal feelings into the description. Rich and powerful people can go to Yongmei to show their ease and elegance, or carve chapters and sentences to show their talents. Poor and unlucky people also use plum to express their feelings, or to express their grievances, or to express their desire to be free from vulgarity. Therefore, plum blossom appeared in China's ancient poems with its colorful features, either graceful and touching, or self-pity, or sad and depressed, or arrogant, or charming, or elegant and smart, or gorgeous. In short, because the author's creative environment and intention are different, he has different forms and personal interests. Mao Zedong's Yongmei was written in 1966543.
Lu You was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, who wrote a lot of poems in his life. Many of his poems express patriotic feelings, and at the same time, because his patriotic thoughts have been suppressed, there are also bumps and setbacks in his works. This poem entitled "The Sailor of Yongmei" is an example. In ci, Lu You compared himself to plum blossom, showing a desolate state of mind of narcissism. Although the plum blossoms in the ci are extremely fragrant, they are envied by "everyone", destroyed by "wind" and "rain", and finally "smashed into mud and ground into dust", only the fragrance remains the same. The plum blossom here is undoubtedly a portrayal of Lu You's own situation and personality, which not only reflects his lofty and aloof unwillingness to conform to the world, but also reflects his loneliness and helplessness after being hit. The whole poem is full of tragic atmosphere, including "broken bridge", "dusk", "wind" and "rain", which makes people feel gloomy and depressed. The tragedy of the times and personal misfortune cast a deep shadow on Yongmei described by Lu You.
Mao Zedong's Yongmei is written in the original tune of Lu Ci after reading Lu You's works. Similarly, as the author said in the preface, Yongmei "used it against his will". The plum blossom image in his ci and its poetic style are completely opposite to Lu You's original ci. In Yongmei's ci, Mao Zedong is unique.
The first two sentences "Wind and rain send spring home, flying snow welcomes spring" point out the season when plum blossoms are in full bloom. At this time, winter is about to pass, and the god of spring is coming. Although there are "wind and rain" and "flying snow" in the sentence, it gives people a feeling different from the coldness and depression of Lu Ci, but it is for joy, especially "flying snow to welcome the spring", which sets a lively tone for the whole poem. "The cliff is already a hundred feet of ice, and there are beautiful flowers." The earth is still covered with silver, the traces of the severe winter have not faded, and there are still hundreds of feet of hard ice on the cliff that have not melted, but the breath of Kechun has emerged early, that is, plum blossoms proudly blooming in the snow and ice. These two sentences show that plum blossom is not afraid of cold in cold environment, which effectively highlights the characteristics of plum blossom. The white snow sets off the pretty image of plum blossom more brightly, and at the same time, the frozen environment also points out the "early" of plum blossom opening, paving the way for the next plum blossom spring.
Plum blossoms spread the message of spring returning to the earth to people before flowering, so there is a saying that "beauty does not compete for spring, but only reports spring". It is conceivable that people who have experienced the cold winter will be surprised and excited when they suddenly see beautiful plum blossoms in the snow and ice. This "beautiful flower" is undoubtedly the messenger of spring, a symbol of life, and the first petal sown by the goddess of spring wherever she goes. Compared with Fang Qun, she is the first person to get the atmosphere and attract attention, but she is so humble and not proud of herself. What a big tolerance! The author fully personifies the plum blossom here, endowing her with lofty character, which makes people feel more cordial to read. "When the flowers bloom, she laughs among the flowers", and the last two sentences make the image of plum blossom more perfect. The footprint of the goddess of spring has finally spread all over the earth, and everywhere she goes, flowers are like brocade, which is particularly gorgeous. Plum blossoms, like many mountain flowers, are laughing in the spring breeze at the moment. She doesn't care about gains and losses, nor does she pursue fame and fortune, and she doesn't want to get ahead and monopolize the spring scenery. This is the magnanimity of an open-minded person and a true portrayal of selfless devotees. The author excavated this noble quality from the characteristics of plum blossom.
The style of the whole word is light, and the anthropomorphic writing highlights the distinctive and vivid character of plum blossom. The language is also plain and fluent, which looks beautiful and natural, without the spirit of carving agriculture and animal husbandry. The artistic conception is lofty and intriguing, which makes people feel noble sentiments while enjoying plum blossoms. Among the numerous Yongmei Ci poems in past dynasties, this one is novel in conception, unique in style, rich in the flavor of the times, and gives people a unique aesthetic feeling.