1. financial preparation for buying a house-how much are you going to use to buy a house?
Property buyers (potential owners) need to ask themselves two questions countless times before buying a house: why buy a house? What kind of house do you need? It is helpful for most buyers to think clearly about these two aspects. As we all know, the amount of money prepared before buying a house determines all the important behaviors in buying a house.
2. Psychological preparation for buying a house-where do you want to settle down?
Property buyers generally have regional preferences. In the east, west, north, south, Hankou, Wuchang, Hanyang ... The second question that buyers need to think about repeatedly is: Where do you want to settle down? When buying a house, most people will consider the traffic conditions between the real estate and their spouse's work unit, including bus system, road conditions, distance and so on. But it is worth reminding that buying a house is a long-term behavior. Before considering the traffic situation, we should reserve enough space for job changes. When buying a house in the suburbs, you should also pay attention to the traffic between the real estate and the urban area, which is something that people who have been stuck in traffic for a long time will definitely experience.
The second step of buying a house: understanding the property market.
1. knowledge preparation for buying a house-let yourself become a semi-real estate professional first.
Sun Tzu once said that "more is better than less". For the real estate market with asymmetric information between buyers and sellers, consumers will take the initiative to narrow the information gap, which will always reduce the probability of blind purchase or being fooled. Because the real estate market is an emerging industry that is developing and gradually maturing, it is a new thing for ordinary people to buy their own houses in recent years, so buyers need to know something about the property market before preparing to buy a house.
2. Preparation for the choice of buying a house-query information and see the market on the spot.
This is a complicated and very important "process", because buyers need to learn a lot, and the information learned during this period is very important for buying a satisfactory real estate. Asking for information is not a aimless search for a needle in a haystack. If you want to see the doorway, you have to rely on friends' introductions, exhibitions and newspaper advertisements. Of course, don't forget to check online. ...
The third step of buying a house: dealing with developers
1. The final choice of buying a house-determine the object of buying a house
After careful consideration, buyers screened out several short-listed properties. At this time, it must be remembered that "it is better to listen to a word from your family than to listen to a thousand words from others"-the house will eventually live with your family and choose your own house. First, we should start with the overall planning of the community and have a comprehensive consideration of the whole project. Generally speaking, the building that can occupy the most greening in the community is the best location, because greening is not only a pleasing landscape, but also very effective in isolating noise and dust and creating a good microclimate, such as humidity and temperature.
2. the negotiation stage of buying a house-lower the price and get preferential treatment.
Developers have a set of sales skills when selling real estate, including: concessions, discounts, creating a snap situation and so on. How to escape the "deception" of sales skills and get your favorite house at the lowest price requires special negotiation skills. What needs to be understood is that the benefits that Guangzhou property buyers can get through negotiation include: 2-3 percentage points discount for sales ladies, gas/telephone installation fee, 1-2 years management fee, and other preferential sales gifts.
The fourth step of buying a house: signing a bill to transfer ownership.
1. Purchase signing stage-pre-sale registration and contract
Be careful when signing contracts with developers. You might as well ask some legal people. You know, most real estate disputes are caused by problems with contracts. If the contract is not signed well, the trouble in the future will be like a raging river.
2. The substantive stage of buying a house-transaction transfer.
There are two kinds of contracts: pre-sale contract and sales contract, and the pre-sale contract is relative to the auction house; Sales contracts are used for existing housing transactions. The transfer of title deed is indispensable for developers and buyers to trade and replace the property rights of houses.
An important link. The title deed transfer requires the buyer to do it himself. If you can't handle it in person and need someone else to handle it on your behalf, the purchaser must issue a power of attorney, and the power of attorney must be stamped with the official seal of the unit or street office (some district and county real estate exchanges require a notarial certificate from the notary office at the same time).
The fifth step of buying a house: check in.
1. Closing work of house purchase-acceptance and tax payment
Don't be happy to get the key to the new house, and you can only move in after acceptance. Special attention needs to be paid to acceptance. First of all, we should know the standard of house acceptance, and also know whether unqualified houses have the right to refuse developers.
This stage needs to be carried out under the guidance of experts. Before moving in, the purchaser also needs to pay the contract money and settle the accounts; Developers want to audit the payment situation in a unified way, and a copy of each payment must be filed for final check-in. The buyer can get the key from the property management company according to the contract, and the property management convention needs to be signed when getting the key.
2. Cleaning the house-decoration and occupancy
Decoration is a dispensable process in the process of buying a house, because a considerable number of property buyers buy rough houses, and they are looking for decoration companies to decorate themselves. Disputes and business at this time have nothing to do with buying a house. Buyers who buy houses with basic decoration need to be more careful when accepting the house decoration. After the renovation is completed, when to actually move in is entirely up to the owner.
Price:
How to make the most reasonable investment within the price range you can afford needs to consider many factors, such as monthly income, expected repayment ability, loan method, bank interest rate, appreciation potential of lots and so on. Of course, it is best to listen to the advice of experts. Look at hundreds of gossip (what location is the hottest, what apartment is the hottest, what price is selling well, and so on). )
Traffic conditions: basic necessities of life. Traffic is an important factor for the buyer to consider, extending in all directions and convenient to enter and exit. Only properties with parking spaces can make the best use of them. Community environment: In densely populated cities, community environment has become a factor that buyers pay more and more attention to before investing. The greening degree, humanistic environment, safety and supporting facilities of the community may have a great impact on your life after moving in.
Huxing structure: the choice of Huxing mainly considers the composition of family members and the requirements of the owner's housing functions, such as the choice of storey height, the orientation, vision, lighting and privacy of the house.
Lot If you want to buy a house, the first thing to consider is whether the lot is superior because the conditions are good.
The location of the house can meet your various needs. It usually has the following characteristics:
1. Wind and water flow in the city. In the upwind direction of the city center, the upwind direction of the main industrial areas in Beijing and other cities is northwest.
2. Convenient transportation. The time from residence to work or other places frequented by people or downtown areas should not exceed the acceptable time and be guaranteed. When two or three people in a family have some requirements, they should take care of them as much as possible and take into account possible changes in the future, such as job transfer, further study and transfer.
3. High level of urbanization. We should choose houses in lots with complete municipal facilities, which are generally located near urban main roads and secondary roads, and should not exceed 1 km, otherwise some facilities will be difficult to connect and foreign traffic will be in trouble. In suburban and remote areas, either infrastructure is incomplete or municipal facilities are heavily invested, which leads to rising house prices.
4. Life is convenient. It takes about 10 minutes to walk to various commercial service outlets, which can meet the needs of purchasing daily necessities and other services, medical care and child care. Cultural and sports facilities can also be found nearby.
5. The environment is pleasant and the natural and cultural landscape is elegant. Green spaces and parks are within walking distance, with fresh air and clear water. There are places for leisure sports and weekend entertainment in the morning and evening, and the social atmosphere and public security are in good condition.
Surface product
In most cities in China, according to the "Calculation Rules for Allocation of Commercial Housing Sales Area and Public Building Area" issued by the Ministry of Construction, housing sales are still calculated according to the building area, so how to calculate the unit housing sales area? Commercial houses are sold as "suites" or "units", and the sales area of commercial houses is the sum of the interior or interior construction area purchased by the buyers (hereinafter referred to as interior construction area) and the shared public construction area. Sales area of commercial housing = interior construction area+shared public construction area = interior construction area+interior wall area+balcony construction area The concept of interior construction area is the sum of all net areas except wall thickness in each residential door. Including bedroom, living room, hall, corridor, kitchen, bathroom, storage room, wardrobe (excluding hanging cabinets) and indoor stairs (according to the projected area). When the space in the sloping roof is used as a room, the clear height of half the area is not less than 2. 1 m, and the minimum clear height of the rest is not less than 1.5 m, and those who meet the above requirements can be included in the use area; Otherwise, it is not considered as usable area. If the area of each balcony (concave or convex) is less than 6 square meters, the usable area shall not be calculated; If it is more than 6 square meters, the excess part will be converted into usable area according to 1/2 of the net balcony area. Interior wall area: There are two kinds of maintenance or load-bearing walls around the space used in each set (unit) of commercial housing, namely * * * wall and non * * * wall. The partition walls between the suites (units) of the product room, the partition walls and external walls (including gables) between the suites (units) and the space projection area of public buildings are all * * * walls, and half of the horizontal projection area of the * * * wall is included in the interior wall area of the suite. The horizontal projection area of non-* * walls is all included in the interior wall area. Balcony building area: calculated according to the current national "Building Area Calculation Rules". The public building area shared by the unit consists of two parts: ① elevator shaft, stairwell, garbage chute, power distribution room, equipment room, public hall, aisle and other building areas. Functionally serving the whole building, managing the construction area of the building; ② The horizontal projection area of the partition wall between each unit and the building public space and external wall (including gables) is 50%. The public building area does not include any basement, carport, etc. As an independent use of space for rent or sale, as a civil air defense project basement is not included in the public construction area.
The public building area is calculated according to the following methods:
The whole building area minus the sum of the building areas in each set (unit) of the whole building minus the building areas such as basement, carport and civil air defense works that have been sold or rented as independent use space is the public building area of the whole building. Divide the public building area of the whole building by the sum of the interior building area of the whole building, and get the sharing coefficient of the public building area of the building. Use the sharing coefficient of building area = the sum of public building area and public building area for sharing calculation: multiply the public building area of each set (unit) by the sharing coefficient of public building area to get the public building area reasonably shared by the buyers. Shared public building area = public building area sharing coefficient × interior building area. The allocation coefficient of public buildings in general high-rise residential buildings is about 0.4.
Indoor mode
Nowadays, when residents buy a house, they will generally consider redecorating, so it is necessary to see clearly whether there are beams or backwater pipes passing through the room, because the height of the beam bottom will directly affect the height of the ceiling, otherwise the beams will be exposed; At the same time, the pipeline of transverse window needs special efforts and materials to deal with, and redecorating will also affect the appearance. Secondly, we should pay attention to the whole indoor pattern to be square, avoid irregular shapes such as triangles (sharp corners), and avoid columns passing through the center of the room. Because the irregular room type affects the layout of furniture, resulting in a lot of wasted area, many defects are made up by decoration; The abrupt oblique angle or acute angle will cause uncomfortable depression to indoor residents and should be avoided as much as possible.
Thirdly, we should carefully consider the arrangement and wiring of indoor functional rooms. Generally speaking, residential space can be divided into three parts: living space, service space and sleeping space. Living space includes: population, entrance, living room, living room, dining room, etc. Service space includes: kitchen, storage room, bathroom, etc. Sleeping space includes: bedroom, guest room, children's room, study, etc. In the above three parts, the location and layout of the living room space is the most important, because the living room is the center of family activities and foreign exchanges, and it is also the area with the highest utilization rate in daily life, so the living room must have good lighting, square pattern and compact connection with bedrooms such as restaurants; At the same time, it should be relatively independent in location and should not be a channel for other functional rooms.
The master bedroom is the most confidential place, and the relationship with the guest restaurant should not only have a "straight to the point" feeling, but also have good sound insulation and sufficient light. The windows in the master bedroom should try to avoid being opposite to the doors and windows of adjacent buildings, so as not to destroy privacy and bring inconvenience to life. Generally speaking, the master bedroom should have enough space to put a double bed, bedside table, wardrobe, etc. If the conditions are better, we can consider having an independent set of sanitary equipment.
Kitchen and bathroom are the most important indoor service spaces, so Wei Ming and Ming Kitchen should be chosen first, because natural ventilation and lighting are the best for the cleanliness and dryness of kitchen and bathroom. In addition, the location of the kitchen is also very important, its connection with the restaurant should be compact, and the walking route between them should not be destroyed; In addition, we should also consider whether the area and shape of the kitchen are reasonable, whether it takes into account the functions of storage, cleaning and cooking, and whether it can be carried out at the same time.
Accommodate several people to do their homework.
For the bathroom, natural ventilation and lighting are mainly considered, and the location should be in a secret place. If possible, consider separating the bathroom from the shower for easy use.
Huxing structure
With the deepening of housing reform, the proportion of individuals buying houses has gradually increased, and the requirements for production types have also increased. The rationality of apartment design is an important factor to determine consumers' purchasing mentality. In this regard, there are the following points to remind buyers.
(A) according to the purpose of choosing huxing
How should consumers choose residential units? According to the plane organization, the room type can be divided into: single apartment, two bedrooms and one living room, two bedrooms and two living rooms, three bedrooms and one living room, three bedrooms and two living rooms, four bedrooms and two living rooms, etc. According to the change of profile, it can be divided into: duplex, duplex, staggered and so on. When consumers choose, they should consider the plane and section together. For one room, one living room, two rooms and one living room, two rooms and two living rooms, because the main purpose is to meet the use function and the area control is relatively tight, we should choose the design with no big movements on the cross section. For high-standard houses such as single-family apartments, three rooms and two halls, and four rooms and two halls, the profile should be changed. If it is spread from a height, the space feels stiff and needs some walkways. If the profile changes can be combined, the number of horizontal walkways will be reduced and the space will be increased by one level. Therefore, consumers should choose variable cross-section design when choosing this kind of house. From the analysis of apartment structure, the design of super-large apartment and super-small apartment is not the demand object of the public, and the apartment design with moderate area, independent bedroom function, two halls, two bathrooms and two balconies is more popular.
At present, the popular design of jumping floor and balcony kitchen and bathroom are favored by more consumers, and their sales prospects are promising.
(2) Huxing varies from place to place.
Due to historical reasons, there are differences in housing units around the country. Compared with Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities, Beijing's housing is indeed relatively backward. There are two main reasons: first, Beijing has strict requirements on height limit and floor space, and developers have to sacrifice the rationality of huxing for the sake of floor area ratio and area maximization; In addition, because the main consumer in Beijing's residential market was group purchasing power, the residential area and the number of rooms were more considered when buying a house, and the requirements for huxing were not too high. This also makes developers ignore the improvement and innovation of bedroom apartments. The lack of market pressure naturally makes the apartment design in Beijing lack new ideas and lag behind the southern cities.
(3) Outdoor landscape has become a new favorite.
When customers buy a house, the area, number of rooms, orientation and internal layout of the house are all important factors that should be considered. But at present, there is a new trend for customers to choose a house, that is, when choosing a house, the orientation of the room tends to fade gradually, while the emphasis on outdoor landscape is increasing day by day. If the outdoor landscape is beautiful, even the traditionally inferior north-facing apartment will be recognized. This is mainly because people are busy at work now and have less time to rest at home during the day. In addition, the popularity of air conditioners and other electrical appliances has weakened people's demand for natural conditions such as sunshine, while the demand for beautiful scenery has increased.
(4) first hall and then lie down, and choose the order.
When buying a house, customers should consider the priorities of each part of the living room: first, look at whether the living room (hall) is easy to use, including the area and layout of the hall; Second, the rationality of the master bedroom, such as area, lighting conditions, privacy of the bedroom, etc. The third is the function of a relatively independent restaurant; The fourth consideration is the kitchen environment, a spacious and easy-to-use kitchen is often more valued by customers than the second bedroom; The fifth is the secondary bedroom (study room, guest room); Finally consider the balcony. In addition, the area width is also a key factor in the selection and design of the hall. Small volume will bring great inconvenience to use. Generally, it should be more than 3.9 meters, at least 3.6 meters.
Because the master bedroom has gradually become an important living space for people, its functions have increased a lot compared with before, and the area of the master bedroom also requires corresponding expansion. In terms of apartment design, the appearance of walk-in wardrobe also makes the layout of master bedroom more flexible, which can appropriately increase the depth of the room.
direction
In China, it is best to choose the living room of residential commercial housing, facing south. Sitting in a house facing south has always been the best living habit in the northern region, which has caused consumers' demand psychology of "buying a house in the southeast if they have money". So houses facing southeast sell better than houses facing other directions. Because the living room faces south, there is no cold wind whistling in winter and cool wind blowing in summer. The order of other directions is roughly southeast, east, southwest, north and west. Secondly, consumers should choose the orientation of the bedroom. A suite, usually with two or three bedrooms, will not face exactly the same direction. And in most cases, there are good and bad. Consumers should judge whether the main bedroom is oriented well or most bedrooms are oriented well. The bedroom also faces south, but it is best not to rely on the outer wall. Because in summer, the south bedroom is cooler, but more sunlight enters the room than the north bedroom. If the outer wall faces west, the indoor temperature will definitely be higher. Bedroom orientation can also be southeast, east and northeast.
It is best not to choose a bedroom facing west. There aren't many bedrooms facing north, so one is enough, because the cold wind blows in the north bedroom in winter, but the rooms facing north are very cool in summer. The orientation of the kitchen and bathroom is relatively unimportant. As long as the bathroom can be directly lit and ventilated. Because its use is intermittent and short-term, it is best to avoid choosing a bathroom facing west. In the hot area in the south, besides the good ventilation of single rooms, it also depends on whether the organization between rooms is conducive to the straight-line flow of wind and whether it can form a "through flow" in summer. The specific method is to see whether the doors and windows of each room are in the same direction. If the spacing between buildings is too small, the ground floor will be blocked by the buildings above, and there will be no sunshine all year round. In the best case, the ground floor rooms in the north can also receive sunlight in winter. Because the kitchen itself will produce a lot of oil smoke, therefore, its indoor air should be exchanged with the outside world frequently. Due to the large amount of oil fume produced in the kitchen, the formation time is short, and natural ventilation is difficult to discharge in a short time, so the same ventilator or exhaust fan is generally used for exhaust. Generally speaking, it is necessary to prevent the oil fume from "flowing backwards" or entering other rooms due to poor orientation and excessive outdoor wind pressure.
So don't choose the true north direction in the kitchen.
Generally speaking, sunlight can penetrate for 2 ~ 3 hours a day, which is beneficial to eliminate indoor moisture, kill bacteria, adjust indoor temperature and accelerate air flow. For the orientation of the living room and bedroom, it is best to accept direct light, preferably facing south or south. For the kitchen, it is advisable to avoid the direction facing west, because there is already a heat source in the kitchen, and the temperature will be higher if the sun shines directly. The bathroom should also be able to receive some sunlight. Because the bathroom is dark and humid, sunshine can avoid the breeding of germs. In a living room, it is best to have two balconies, one of which must face the sun, so that there is enough sunshine to bask in and rest. Nowadays, most commercial houses have one staircase and two halls. One staircase for two households, one set for ventilation and lighting in only two directions. Moreover, the orientation of this kind of building is mostly north-south, so about half of the rooms face north. When consumers choose, it depends on whether the designer puts the less important rooms in the north direction. For point, one staircase and two households, at least three rooms in a suite are empty, so the orientation of their rooms should be satisfactory. Three households have one ladder, and four households have one ladder. Because of the large number of sets, it is necessary to leave a relatively good main orientation for each household, so it is difficult to achieve perfection in one household orientation, and sometimes there will be orientations with great defects.
Ensure the normal operation of the elevator;
8. Add other services as needed.
In addition, government departments stipulate that services must be included in the basic charging standard of comprehensive service fees for property management.
The project has different regulations for different residential areas.
First, sanitary ware must have quality. Chatting with several "experienced people" in decoration, they all mentioned the quality problems of sanitary ware. Sanitary ware is a very expensive product. Once there is a cheap product, many people will naturally be interested. However, sanitary ware is one of the most used appliances in family life. If you don't pay attention to product quality and quality, it will be very troublesome to replace it after renovation. When choosing sanitary ware in building materials city, many sellers prefer to recommend products with high quality and low price. As a buyer, don't blindly refuse. Listen to the introduction first, carefully compare the performance and price, and choose the products you need, or compare the products with the same price first, and pay attention to functionality.
Second, it is best to choose a complete set of doors. "Don't find a decoration team to do the door." This is the advice of people who have experienced it. It is better to choose a complete set of doors for decoration now. The price of the whole set of doors is not much higher. Because it is made by a professional company through one-stop production, the technology and style are ideal. If it is done by the decoration team, the back door of the sun may be deformed because it is unprofessional. When choosing a complete set of doors in building materials city, we should not only look at the manufacturer's qualification, but also confirm the warranty to avoid problems after use.
Third, novices do their homework before going out to decorate. One of the biggest headaches for novices is to visit the building materials market to purchase home improvement supplies. Too many things that are inexperienced and need to be bought often make them worry before renovation. After careful calculation, novices are divided into many types, such as patient, impatient, picky, opinionated, too personalized ... Different people will always visit the building materials market in different ways, but even novices are full of beautiful expectations for the final decoration effect, hoping that every detail of their business can be praised by others. Before the festival, many novices are going to visit the building materials city or are already busy. Let's take a look at the following suggestions to remind you.
Fourth, there are many building materials cities located in the east, west, north and south of the city, but the grades are uneven. Before you go to the building materials city, you must make a good purchase plan and go shopping with a purpose in order to gain something. In addition to going outside the building materials city close to home, it is suggested to go to a large building materials market or building materials supermarket, home plaza, etc. with convenient transportation, and then make a decision after comparison, so don't rush for success.
Fifth, there are several novices in the procurement plan who always feel that the decoration is very troublesome and have no clue. In fact, decoration is a tedious matter, but there are still rules to follow. Generally speaking, basic home improvement procurement needs several aspects: sanitary ware, floor materials, wall paint, doors and windows, etc. When purchasing these materials, you can choose and buy them in batches according to the steps formulated by professional home improvement companies.
If you have a good brand, you can go to different building materials cities to compare prices and styles, so that you can choose your own home furnishing products with a strong purpose; If you don't know much about the market before decoration, go to the market to fully contact the products, weigh the price and quality, and choose the product with the highest cost performance.
Sixth, know the product before leaving the company. Now, novices can find their own satisfactory answers through product websites and community forums. When buying a product, if you don't know the performance, quality and reputation of the product, you can look it up online or discuss it in the community.
A post was posted on the altar: "I just got the key and am preparing to decorate it. If I choose a bathroom, what brand is better? " It won't be long before many "prawns" provide information. Compare this information, and you may get a satisfactory answer. In this way, if you go to the building materials city to buy, you will be caught when you are deceived.
Seventh, choose new products and prepare for "adventure"
Entering the building materials city, all kinds of products are available, and now the new products on the building materials market are listed very quickly. Perhaps this kind of ceramic tile was popular six months ago, and new products appeared six months later. If you come into contact with a relatively new product in the selection, you must first ask the user's feelings, predict the performance of the product in advance, and understand the advantages and disadvantages.