Through the stage summary, the helper's questions are clearer and the goals are clearer, which promotes the smooth consultation. Regular summary can be divided into the summary at the end of each consultation or the summary after many consultations.
1. Summary of each consultation effect
(1) consultant's summary. We should focus on whether the help seekers and their questions are accurate, and whether the steps and methods adopted are reasonable and effective. What counseling goals have been achieved by helping help seekers? What growth has the helper gained? What are the other obstacles? And whether your words and deeds in the consultation process are appropriate?
(2) The summary of the helper, including whether to actively cooperate with the consultant? Have you told the consultant the relevant information? Did you understand and accept the help provided by the consultant well? Have you ever explored your own problems? What changes have taken place through negotiation? What growth have you achieved through change? What are your experiences and feelings? What consulting objectives have not been achieved at present? Why did it not come true?
(3) Summarize the similarities between the two sides, including the experience and feelings of exchange and negotiation, the negotiation goals that have been achieved, and the problems that still exist at present. , and discuss the relevant contents of the next consultation.
2. Discuss the task of the next consultation.
3. assign homework. Keep a diary. Write feelings and do various exercises. )
4. Face up to and deal with the recurring phenomenon in consultation.
5. Handling consultation errors.
(1) Successfully solve the problems existing in the help seekers, achieve the consulting goal, and the consulting effect is remarkable.
② Most of the problems existing in the help seekers have been solved, and most of the consulting objectives have been achieved, and the consulting effect is good. ③ A small part of the problems existing in the clients have been solved, but the main problems still exist. Most of the counseling objectives have not been achieved, and the counseling has only a certain effect.
④ The problems existing in the help-seekers have not been basically solved, the consultation objectives have not been basically realized, and the consultation effect is not obvious.
Second, the evaluation of the consulting effect.
1. Time point of consultation effect evaluation: it can be conducted at any time of consultation.
2. The content of consultation effect evaluation: it should be carried out around the consultation objectives, and only when the consultation objectives are achieved can the consultation effect be directly reflected.
3. Six dimensions of consulting effect evaluation,
① Self-evaluation of the counseling effect by the help-seekers ~ Self-evaluation ② Social function recovery of the help-seekers.
(3) People around the helper, especially family members, friends and colleagues' comments on the helper.
④ Comparison of psychological measurement results of visitors before and after consultation.
⑤ Observation and evaluation of consultants
⑥ The improvement degree of some symptoms of help seekers.
4. Effective factors of psychological counseling methods.
(1) The harmonious and trusting consultation relationship established between consultants and helpers is the most basic feature; (2) Strong job-hunting motivation, positive attitude, self-confidence and self-exploration and self-change awareness,
There is a set of theories and methods that both sides believe.
④ The consultant's own characteristics, accurate feelings, unrequited passion, sincere and rich theoretical basis and skillful consulting skills.
⑤ Promote the cognitive change, emotional adjustment and behavior improvement of help seekers.
Thirdly, the matching and referral of consulting relationship.
1. Choose the right consultant and the right helper to meet the following eight conditions.
The motivation is correct, and the consultant should find out the real motivation of the helper before consulting, otherwise the consulting goal may not be achieved.
② Normal personality,
(3) The trust is high, and "believing in the spirit" consultation is a psychological process, which is related to suggestion.
④ Conscious and able to take practical actions according to the consultant's wishes.
⑤ The matching is good, and the situation of the helper is consistent with the professional knowledge of the consultant.
⑥ Normal intelligence, the higher the intelligence level and the higher the education level, the more suitable for consultation.
⑦ Age is appropriate, and young people are more suitable for psychological counseling than those who ask for help at other ages.
⑧ The content is appropriate. Psychogenic diseases, neurobehavioral disorders, psychosomatic diseases, etc. They all belong to the category of psychological counseling, especially maladjustment, emotional adjustment, psychological education and development related to social psychological emergencies, which are more suitable for psychological counseling.
2. Cases that are not suitable for help seekers can be divided into three categories:
① deletion type, ② taboo type and ③ conflict type.
3. Dealing with the mismatch of consulting relationship
① Adjust the matching degree of consulting relationship,
(2) Referral when there is no match.
4. Referral considerations
(1) Ask for the opinions of job seekers in advance and explain the reasons.
The consultant should introduce the basic situation of the new consultant to the group owner, especially his professional expertise.
(3) When recommending, you can introduce the information of the helper in detail to the new consultant and provide your own analysis and opinions, but out of trust in yourself, it is not appropriate to disclose the secrets provided by the helper.
(4) If necessary, the original consultant can communicate with the new consultant, including the consultation situation, which belongs to professional communication, but generally it is not allowed to interfere with the consultation activities of the new consultant.