As we all know, sow breeding is a key step in breeding production and manufacturing, and the medical treatment before and after sow delivery is to better maintain a high total number of piglets, and the total number of live piglets in each litter is very harmful to the comprehensive economic benefits of breeding. If the management method is unreasonable, it will easily lead to the death of piglets and sows, which may seriously endanger the profits of all pig farms.
Therefore, only by doing well the management methods of this link, perfecting the management methods of sow feeding before and after delivery, preventing sow weightlessness and maintaining high reproductive characteristics, can we lay a good foundation for the next stage of work.
First, the feeding management methods before delivery
Sows should make all preparations in advance before giving birth, and one of the most important tasks is disinfection, sterilization and heat preservation.
1. Before the pregnant sow is transferred to another hospital, the waiting room and delivery ring need to be cleaned, disinfected and sterilized. It is necessary to spray 2% sodium hydroxide solution for disinfection, check the pigsty for areas with ventilation and system loopholes, and immediately repair them.
2. Because newborn piglets have high requirements on the temperature of the natural environment, it is necessary to set up an incubator in the waiting room to control the temperature in the incubator at about 32℃.
3. Prepare special delivery tools, such as ear pliers, disinfectants, special weighing tools and file information cards.
4. Do a good job in the delivery inspection of sows, fully grasp the delivery period of sows, transfer pregnant sows to the waiting room 1 week in advance, prevent sows from giving birth in large circles, and let sows know the natural environment of the waiting room to facilitate delivery.
5. Prenatal signs of sows
It is of positive practical significance to pay attention to the changes of sows before delivery in order to make preparations in advance immediately before delivery.
① Changes in personal behavior: Before delivery, sows mainly show poor appetite or stop eating, frequent urination, extreme mental anxiety, difficulty breathing, and sometimes they can't get up when lying down.
② Look at the chest: When the sow goes up and down every day before labor 15-20, the chest slowly relaxes and expands, and the breasts on both sides swell out during labor, making the chest more swollen and shiny.
③ The main manifestations are: poor appetite, irritability and a small amount of mucus discharged from vulva before parturition. After the above diseases occur, sows are likely to give birth within 6~ 12 hours.
④ Look at the breasts: 2 ~ 3 days before delivery, sows can milk more or less. When today's breasts can be milked, the delivery time of sows should not exceed 1 day. If a pair of breasts can finally squeeze milk, the sow should give birth in about 6 hours.
⑤ Look at the transformation of tail root and private parts: Before delivery, both sides of tail root of sow are slightly depressed and vulva is swollen. A few days before delivery, the vulva slowly expands and swells, the vulva skin wrinkles progress, and the skin turns white and red. The vaginal mucosa is red and the mucus is getting thinner and thinner.
6. Don't treat sows rudely when transferring, to prevent congestion and avoid stillbirth and miscarriage.
7. Don't feed the sow too much before giving birth. It is necessary to reduce the feeding amount, change the feed formula, increase the feeding amount of green concentrate, and prevent severe constipation of sows. If sows are found to have prenatal symptoms, they should stop feeding and only eat wheat bran soup.
8. Do a good job in the health examination of the sow. If there are ectoparasites 2 weeks before labor, they should be eliminated immediately to avoid infecting piglets.
9. Sows should clean their hindquarters, private parts and breasts with potassium permanganate solution or lysol before delivery, and then wipe them clean with a damp and hot cotton towel. Thoroughly disinfect the special tools for delivery, and then put disinfection scissors, iodophor, alcohol cotton balls, cotton towels, etc. Delivery personnel from all over the country should prepare for delivery in advance.
Second, the delivery work of sows in the process of delivery
Sow delivery technology is very important in breeding and production, which is directly related to the survival rate of sow litter. Therefore, in the specific production process, the farm must attach great importance to receiving the production work.
1, make prenatal preparations in advance
Before delivery, the midwife should introduce the sow into the delivery room with short nail clippers and wash her arms with soap. Keep quiet when delivering takeout, don't make any noise, be accurate in posture and be fast. Clean cotton towel or wet towel, scissors, 5% iodine tincture, potassium permanganate aqueous solution, vaseline oil, scale for weighing piglets, ear pliers, and prepare delivery records.
2, the whole process of production.
Sows usually give birth to their first piglets 30 minutes after breaking the amniotic fluid. When a piglet is born, it should immediately clean up the mucus in its mouth, nose and body to prevent it from blocking the respiratory system and endangering the inhalation of the piglet. In view of the fact that the placenta has not split after the piglet is born, the midwife should tear the placenta immediately to prevent the piglet from getting sick.
After the piglet is born, gradually pull the fetal umbilical cord out of the delivery door, instead of pulling the fetal umbilical cord according to the piglet. The distance between fetal umbilical cord and piglets is 4 ~ 5 cm, and the cross section is disinfected with 5% iodine.
3. Postpartum work
Piglets with fetal umbilical cord cut off should be immediately placed under an infrared lamp to dry the human body, and then assist the piglets to eat.
4, human midwifery professional work
When it is found that the sow's tail is rolled up, it is difficult to breathe, her heart beats faster, and she keeps giving birth, but she can't see the piglet's output, which is a sign of dystocia for pregnant sow. According to the different situations of dystocia of sow pregnant women, it is necessary to implement the specialty of manual midwifery.
For premature discharge of amniotic fluid, narrow birth canal, oversized baby, etc., it is necessary to introduce lubricating fluid into sow birth canal first, and then assist midwifery by manpower; Inject pituitrin subcutaneously into old and weak sows to promote contraction and increase piglet yield. Massage the sow's chest and pig's abdominal cavity vigorously for 30 minutes. If it still fails, oxytocin should be injected 2ml/100kg;
If oxytocin injection still doesn't work, surgery should be performed to remove it, and penicillin sodium should be injected after operation to prevent infection. For sows with abnormal fetal position, midwifery professionals can put their hands into the delivery door to correct the fetal position and gradually pull the baby out. If the fetal position cannot be corrected and cesarean section cannot be performed, the baby can be cut off.
5, the solution to cheat dead piglets.
To put it bluntly, feigning death means that the pig is weak, his mouth twitches, and even his heart stops beating, but the cardiovascular system is still shaking. The mucus in the mouth and nose of piglets should be taken out quickly, and the periphery of the mouth and nose should be scrubbed with ethanol or pure grain wine to stimulate its recovery, and the nasal cavity of piglets should be blown for inspection.
Hang the pig's hind feet upside down, let the mucus be discharged from the pig's respiratory system, and beat the pig's breasts with your hands until it makes a chirp. Make the pig lie flat on the mat grass, hold the front and rear legs tightly and stretch constantly, and continue to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation until it recovers.
Third, the management methods of sow postpartum feeding
The key task of sows every day after delivery is to repair the physical weakness caused by farrowing as soon as possible, and at the same time ensure that they can metabolize enough milk to prevent excessive weight loss during lactation.
Because the functions of sows, especially the digestion and absorption function, have not recovered just after delivery, it is not advisable to feed them too much at this time. After delivery, you can feed hot and humid wheat bran water, feed a small amount of concentrated feed, and then slowly increase the feeding amount every day until you recover.
However, for sows with poor physique and low lactation, it is necessary to increase the concentration of nutrients in concentrated feed, find ways to increase the feed intake of sows, and ensure adequate and clean drinking water.
In order to improve the lactation of sows, speed up the recovery of reproductive system software, maintain high reproductive characteristics and make them ovulate normally in estrus, besides effective feeding, it is necessary to improve the management methods of sows. Provide suitable living environment for sows, pay attention to the temperature, environmental humidity, air index and environmental sanitation in the house, and keep the natural environment in the house quiet and comfortable.
At the same time, do a good job in postpartum monitoring of sows to avoid reproductive system diseases. If problems are found, they should be solved immediately.