At present, the theoretical analysis of the rationality of underground engineering design involves many problems and is difficult. The main reasons are the complexity of surrounding rock, the difficulty of construction method simulation and the complexity of interaction between surrounding rock and support. However, the method used in tunnel information design is basically based on empirical analogy.
Therefore, the monitoring and measurement in the construction process plays an important role, and the preliminary design can be revised and improved in time through information feedback. Bolting and shotcreting support is the foundation of NATM, and deformation measurement of surrounding rock is the soul of NATM. Shotcrete and bolt support are not counted as NATM without deformation measurement of surrounding rock.
In the process of tunnel construction, on-site monitoring and measurement are carried out to obtain the dynamic information of surrounding rock in time, which is fed back to the revision of supporting parameters and construction measures, so as to make full use of and give full play to the self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock, the strength and deformation of supporting, and maintain the stability of surrounding rock, so as to achieve the purpose of safety, economy and rationality. This is the essence of information design and construction.
However, at present, most construction technicians have no in-depth understanding and mastery of the design and construction technology of information-based NATM, and there are not many projects that truly realize information-based design and construction.
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