However, almost all countries in Southeast Asia have one thing in common, that is "heat". Take Thailand as an example. The annual average temperature in this country reaches 30℃, and it is common to exceed 38℃ in summer. It is not an exaggeration to say that they are "air-conditioned dads".
It is precisely because of this that Japanese cars have monopolized the traditional Thai automobile market for a long time with their unique skills of cold air conditioning, while the new energy automobile market is a vacuum zone. According to the target of Thailand New Energy Bureau (energy saving plan EEP20 15), there will be10.2 million electric vehicles on the road in 2036. How do they promote the development of new energy vehicles?
As the saying goes, everything is difficult to start from scratch, and new energy vehicles need policy support first.
Thailand 4.0
■ "Economic policy for the next 20 years"
Two years ago, the Thai government launched an economic stimulus plan called "Thailand 4.0", which simply means to promote the transformation of pillar industries in Thailand from labor-intensive to high value-added and innovative. Therefore, Thailand will focus on developing 65,438+00 industries in the future, which can be divided into two categories:
1. Industrial value-added category: including new generation automobile industry, intelligent electronics, high-end tourism, food innovation, etc.
2. Emerging industries: including intelligent machinery and automation, aviation logistics, biochemistry and digital economy industries.
Among them, "new generation automobile industry" is the focus of 10 industry for a simple reason. Thailand is the largest automobile producer in Southeast Asia (global ranking 12) and the largest automobile parts producer in Asia. As far as the value chain is concerned, the role of automobiles in pulling Thailand's overall economy is far greater than that of other industries.
Therefore, for Thailand, it is naturally the best choice to give priority to encouraging the traditional automobile industry to transform into new energy vehicles.
Of course, in order to attract new energy automobile enterprises and upstream enterprises to set up factories in Thailand, the government has also given many preferential policies, such as providing tax incentives for enterprises, reducing the tax on imported manufacturing equipment and reducing the import tax on raw materials. In order to attract consumers, the government has also reduced the consumption tax on new energy vehicles.
* From June 5438+1 October1in 2020, the purchase of electric vehicles promoted by BOI (Thailand Investment Committee, which can be understood as the new energy vehicle catalogue of China) will be exempted from 2% consumption tax, and vehicles other than BOI will be exempted from 8% consumption tax, and they can also enjoy car purchase subsidies on the basis of exemption from consumption tax.
* The Thai government exempts automobile manufacturers (manufacturers capable of producing batteries, motors or electronic control devices) from corporate tax.
Popularize electric vehicles in four stages
■ "Replacing traditional fuel vehicles in 2036"
According to ananda Peng, Thailand's new energy minister, the above-mentioned 2036 goal needs to be achieved in four stages:
The first stage (20 16 ~ 20 17): formulate relevant laws and regulations to encourage the research and development of electric vehicle batteries, and at the same time focus on promoting the electrification of public transport, such as buses and buses of employees of large companies taking the lead in using trams.
The second stage (20 18 ~ 2020): charging stations will be added on the basis of the first stage to meet the market demand.
The third stage (202 1 ~ 2035): commercialization and commercialization of related research results of electric vehicles.
The fourth stage (after 2036): electric vehicles will replace traditional fuel vehicles more comprehensively.
It may be because 2036 is still far away, so according to the existing data, the progress of this phased goal is relatively slow. Take the electric bus as an example. From 20 18 to 20 19 in March, only six lines were put into trial operation in Bangkok, Thailand, and even the capital was only put into trial operation, so naturally other cities need not mention it.
However, compared with electric buses, electric taxis and private cars seem to have made great progress. At present, there are about 1 100 BYD e6 taxis in operation in Bangkok. Although it is still insignificant compared with the number of taxis above 65,438+10,000, it is still a bit large.
As for private cars, according to the data of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Thailand, as of 20 18 and 12, the number of new energy vehicles in Thailand has reached124,000, of which hybrid vehicles (including HEV and PHEV) account for122,000 and pure trams account for1450. Therefore, the charging facilities are currently the charging stations in Thailand, mainly concentrated in the capital Bangkok. According to the data, there are about 500 charging stations in Bangkok, and there are plans to add another 500 charging stations in its surrounding areas in the future, while other cities (including Pattaya, Chiang Mai, Songkhla, etc. ) 500 new charging stations will also be built.
Since the government is taking action, car companies naturally cannot sit idly by.
A car company eager to act.
■ "Open the crazy investment and factory building model"
Honda: Hybrid production line moved from Japan to Thailand.
Since Japanese cars have monopolized the Southeast Asian market for a long time, new energy sources cannot lag behind. Last August, it was reported that Honda planned to transfer the Accord hybrid production line from Japan to Thailand to meet local demand and export it to other countries. In addition, Honda also invested 5.82 billion baht (US$ 65.438+89 billion) to build a factory and expand its electric vehicle production.
Earlier, Honda also announced plans to produce plug-in hybrid vehicles in Thailand in early 20021,and pure trams were also arranged.
Toyota: The battery factory will be put into production this year.
Toyota produced Prius in Thailand as early as 20 10, but the sales of Prius in Thailand were not good, and it stopped production on 20 15 because of the lack of policy support that year.
Fortunately, after 10 years, people began to pay attention to new energy vehicles, so Toyota also built a battery factory in Beiliufu, east of Bangkok. The factory is expected to be put into production this year, and imported battery components can be directly loaded after assembly in the factory (Toyota also has an automobile factory in Beiliufu). In addition, this factory is the first battery recycling factory built by Toyota overseas, so as to recycle 20,000 batteries every year.
Mitsubishi Motors: Ready to put plug-in hybrid vehicles into production.
Mitsubishi Motors has obtained the qualification license for the plug-in hybrid vehicle production project from the Thailand Investment Committee, and the Outlander plug-in hybrid version has been prepared for production at the Linchaban factory in Thailand, and the car is expected to be officially listed in Thailand this year.
Mercedes-Benz: Start producing electricity in Bangkok?
At present, the battery factory of Mercedes-Benz in Bangkok has put into production the battery of plug-in hybrid vehicle at the end of 19. The finished products will be used in all plug-in hybrid vehicles at present and in the future, including C-class, E-class, S-class and GLC.
BMW: Building the Fourth Largest Battery Factory
BMW will join hands with its long-term partner Decomir Group in Thailand to establish the fourth largest battery factory after Germany, the United States and China. The investment in the first phase is 700 million baht (65.438+62 million RMB). After completion, it will mainly produce battery modules for BMW plug-in hybrid vehicles.
Why should Southeast Asia actively promote new energy vehicles?
■ "Make economic take-off possible?"
In fact, in addition to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and other countries are actively promoting new energy vehicles. Some people may ask, why are these countries underdeveloped and need to promote these industries?
Personally, the global energy crisis is indeed an important reason, and another reason is that the introduction of high-tech such as new energy vehicles can attract talents and stimulate the development of surrounding industries (such as batteries, motors and charging piles), thus making high-speed economic growth possible.
"New energy vehicle technology provides more opportunities for new players."
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This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.