The appellation of foreign silver coins in qing dynasty. Also known as money and cake. The inflow of foreign silver coins into China began in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1573 ~ 16 19). Europe was the first region to cast silver coins. Silver coins first appeared in the 9th century, but after Spanish colonists occupied Mexico in the 6th century, a large number of coins were minted. Western colonialism invaded the East and exchanged silver coins for China's silk, tea and other local products. Among dozens of foreign silver coins flowing into China, Spanish Benyang and Mexican Angelababy are famous for their large quantity and wide circulation, and once became important currencies in China market.
Ben Yang and Yang Ying both played in Mexico. At that time, Mexico was the country producing the most silver in the world. The mint was established from 1553, and new silver coins were cast by machine from 1732. Spanish coins have portraits of Spanish emperors such as Charles III, IV and Ferdinand on the surface, and Guangdong is also called Buddha's Head. This kind of silver coin flows into China from the Philippines, India and other places. Since the British government banned the export of its own silver coins, the British East India Company also used this Spanish native ocean to buy tea from China. 182 1 Shortly after Mexico declared its independence, Benyang stopped casting. 1824, Mexico began to cast its own silver coins. The pattern on the surface of the coins was the pattern of the national emblem of the country, so it was called Eagle Ocean, which flowed into China from 1854 to 1856 (four to six years in Xianfeng). In addition, there are people in Hong Kong and India (hence the name) who stand in the ocean cast by Britain, ordinary silver coins cast by Japan in Meiji era, Annan silver coins cast by France in Annan (now Vietnam) and American trade silver coins. Among all these foreign silver coins, Mexican eagle ocean has the best color and texture, so it is widely used and flows in the most.
After foreign currency flows into China, it is widely used by the people because of its value calculated by pieces and convenient application. Foreign currency is widely used to pay for money and food and to trade with businessmen. There are even cases where silver is exchanged for foreign money first, and then foreign money is exchanged for making money. Compared with the price of silver and money in China, it has gradually increased. 1833 (13th year of Daoguang), a foreign currency can usually be used as seven or three cents for Cao Ping, and seven or six cents when the price is high. 1837 can be changed into eight dollars and one point two. The value of each foreign currency 18 14 is 720-800 pieces (Guangdong and Fujian), 1843 1300 pieces (Jiangsu and Zhejiang), 50s 1450 pieces, and Xianfeng five years/kloc.
After the inflow of foreign capital, it has a great impact on China's economy and finance. The circulation of foreign silver coins in China reflects the backwardness of the monetary system in the late feudal period and the semi-colonial and semi-feudal period. However, this kind of silver coin, which is very convenient to calculate and send and receive, is more conducive to commercial trade than the original parallel monetary system of silver coins in Qing Dynasty, so it is widely circulated in China and has played a role in promoting the development of capitalist economy to a certain extent. However, it makes China's monetary system more complicated, which is conducive to foreign economic aggression and China's massive cash export. Therefore, Lin Zexu and other people of insight in China realized the necessity of China's own casting of silver coins, and put forward how to make the monetary system more reasonable.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the inflow of foreign silver coins was estimated to be about 1 1 100 million yuan, of which Mexican eagle ocean accounted for a large part, about 4.5 billion yuan. In the middle of Guangxu, after China minted silver dollars, the inflow had a slight impact. 19 14 The National Monetary Regulations was promulgated, and a silver dollar engraved with Yuan Shikai's head was cast. In terms of fineness and weight, it is more up to standard than the self-cast silver dollar in Qing Dynasty, so it is widely circulated in urban and rural areas of China, and its status as an important currency has changed. In the future, the amount of foreign currency will decrease day by day because it is transported, exported or melted. After the May 4th Movement, the special status of Yin and Yang was cancelled.