Cromwell, 1599, was born in a Puritan manor family on April 25th. When I was young, I studied at Cambridge University and then went to London to study law. After graduation, he returned to his hometown to run a farm and gradually became a member of the new noble class in England. Cromwell's peasant anti-feudal struggle in Huntington County and its surrounding areas never stopped, which made him see the power of peasants and had a far-reaching impact on his later becoming a bourgeois revolutionary. 1628, Cromwell was elected as a member of parliament and began his political career.
From 65438 to 0640, Cromwell was elected as a member of the "Long-term Congress" and became an independent leader representing the interests of the middle class and new noble. After the civil war, Cromwell was furious with the Presbyterian compromise policy. In his hometown, he recruited a "cavalry team" dominated by yeomen to participate in the battle of the congressional army. This army has strict discipline and strong combat effectiveness and is supported by the masses. 1644, the battle of maston wasteland, Cromwell's army won a brilliant victory, to turn the tide. However, as far as the current situation is concerned, Congress is still in a passive position.
1644, the congress passed the new model military law, and established the "new model army" according to Cromwell's experience in building the army. Cromwell appointed Lieutenant General Yahya as the deputy commander. The following year, in the battle of Naxibi, Cromwell led the "new model army" to win a decisive victory, ending the first civil war. At this time, the equalists demanded a more thorough revolution against Cromwell, and the Irish people also took the opportunity to resist British colonial rule and were suppressed by Cromwell. Then, Cromwell suppressed the second civil war provoked by royalists, and King Charles I was guillotined. In the process of bourgeois revolution, "Cromwell was recorded in history as a revolutionary leader".
Cromwell was not only an independent leader and commander-in-chief of the army, but also welcomed by the Presbyterian Church because of his outstanding military talents and brave political skills, and became a special figure, known as the sword in the hands of the bourgeoisie and new noble. 1653 On April 20th, Cromwell staged a coup and dissolved the long-term parliament. /kloc-in February of 0/6, it became "lord protector" and began the reign of "lord protector". According to the ruling documents issued by Cromwell when he became a protector, the protector is a lifelong position; Have the same legislative power as Congress; An administrative organ with the same administrative power as the State Council; There are military meetings, military command and concurrently commander-in-chief. Although Congress still has financial power, it must ensure the supply of 80,000 troops. The whole country is divided into 1 1 military regions, with senior officers as governors. In this way, a whole set of military dictatorship has been established, and the protector of the country integrates military and political legislative power, and its power is no less than that of the autocratic monarch in the past.
Under Cromwell's rule, domestic contradictions became increasingly acute. The Equality Party, the peasants and the people rioted, and the * * * Party attacked the Congress and dictatorship again and again. Cromwell died of anxiety and illness, and his son Richard succeeded him. Richard was forced to leave his post because of the power struggle of senior officers, and the rule of protecting the country ended.