Hulusi has a very long history, dating back to the pre-Qin period. There are many touching legends circulating among the people. It is said that in Mengyanghe, lianghe county, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, a brave Dai family Bumao picked up a big gourd and braved the stormy waves to save his sweetheart. Moved by his steadfast love, the Buddha inserted the bamboo tube into the golden gourd and gave it to the brave little cloth wool. Xiao Bu took the golden gourd in his hand and blew it out at once. Suddenly, it was calm and the flowers were in full bloom, and I proudly wished the couple good luck and happiness. Since then, cucurbit silk has spread among the Dai family in Mengyang, lianghe county, and the De 'ang, Jingpo and Achang ethnic groups in Lianghe have also come to learn from the scriptures, which have been extended to the whole Dehong and other ethnic areas and passed down from generation to generation.
Hulusi is a reed instrument used by Dai, De 'ang and Achang nationalities in Lianghe since ancient times. The structure still maintains the characteristics of ancient musical instruments, and the playing method is natural ventilation or circular ventilation. Cyclic ventilation can continuously emit five-degree intervals, with beautiful, soft, mellow and euphemistic timbre. In the bamboo forest or Dai bamboo house on a moonlit night, it can give people a subtle and hazy aesthetic feeling, and the vibrato blown out is as elegant and gentle as trembling silk. The Dai name of Hulusi is Brown Island (Gebao for De 'ang and Barron for Achang), which means a wind instrument made of gourd. Translated into Chinese, it was once called Hulusheng and Huluxiao. Because it is different from Lusheng and Xiao (Xiao Wuchun) of Hani nationality, literary and art workers named it Hulusi. There is also a saying that in the early days of liberation, some literary and art workers went to the countryside to experience life, listened to the Dai people speak inaccurate Chinese, and mistook Sheng for silk. According to experts' research, it is called gourd silk, but it is not common. Since 1980s, with the recommendation of Gong, Qi Dequan and other professionals, the name of Hulusi has been established and widely recognized.
The main function of cucurbit silk is for young men to express their love to young women. Its development has gone through three stages: natural popularization, decline, improvement and sublimation. Before the Cultural Revolution, cucurbit silk was a medium for young Dai men to express their love to young women, so they could not get on the elegant stage. After the Cultural Revolution, the way of stringing girls with gourd silk was gradually replaced by other ways. Thanks to the efforts of professionals, cucurbit silk began to step onto the professional stage. Since 1980s, a large number of outstanding musical talents have emerged in Lianghe Dai music scene, such as Gong, Qi Dequan, Feng Shaoxing, Du Deguang and Gong, among which Gong, Qi Dequan and Liang Jia are the most representative. In terms of performance, Gong, a young Dai cucurbit performer, stood out in the 1980s and put cucurbit art on the stage for the first time with his extraordinary works. Gong Jiaming also contributed to the production and synthesis of cucurbit silk. Shi Guangnan, a famous composer in China, composed the music Bamboo in the Moonlight, which made the music of Hulusi popular all over the country. It is particularly worth mentioning that Qi Dequan, the rising star prince of Hulusi, has shown his elegance in today's China and even the international music scene.
The Dai, De 'ang and Achang nationalities in Lianghe have profound national cultural heritage. Hulusi is the most distinctive traditional folk musical instrument. It has a long history of being made by Dai and De 'ang folk artists in Mengyang, Mangdong Hexi and Zhedao, which are mainly Dai people. According to the introduction of Sha Yongxing and Sha Yongming brothers and their father's Jing, Mo of Mangyan, Feng Shaoxing of Banggai, children of De 'ang nationality in the second ancient city of Hexi Township, and other well-known folk artists, their loofah skills were handed down from their ancestors, and their loofah products were exported to surrounding counties and cities such as Luxi, Ruili, Longchuan and Yingjiang.
Dehong, originated from Dai language, is named after its geographical location, which means "the land in the lower reaches of Nujiang River". Dehong is the "Ancient Mongolian and Maoism Country" recorded by Baye, the "Elephant Country of Yunnan and Vietnam" written by Sima Qian, and the "Golden Tooth Country" in The Travels of Marco Polo. The famous song "There is a Beautiful Place", which is popular all over the country, praises Dehong, a magical and beautiful place, ready to go. Dehong is a beautiful and magical place, which integrates borders, ports, ethnic groups and hot spots. Here, with beautiful natural environment, flat dam, fertile land, rich products, active border trade, unique ethnic customs and rich national cultural resources, it is known as the "hometown of peacocks" and "hometown of singing and dancing" at home and abroad.
Dehong is located in the subtropical zone, with mild climate, abundant rainfall, no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, dense forests and abundant wildlife resources. It has always been the home of the national first-class protected wild animal green peacock, and it is also the origin of green peacock. All ethnic groups in Dehong love peacocks and agree with them. In ancient times, the ancestors of Dehong regarded peacocks as totem worship of primitive religion. 1 1 After the middle of the century, the Dai, De 'ang and Achang nationalities in Longchuan successively believed in Buddhism. Peacock is regarded as auspicious bird and divine bird in Buddhist scriptures, and it is the embodiment of Buddha. Various peacock shapes are carved on Buddhist temple buildings, and peacocks are also carved on Buddhist niches, Buddhist temples, murals and colored couplets. Peacock feathers are inserted on tables and various peacock handicrafts are placed. At the same time, peacocks also walked out of the Buddhist temple and entered the daily life of the people: peacocks were carved on the railings of Dehong Dai people's houses and stuck on the doors. In the 1950s and 1960s, models of peacocks were inserted into ox carts.
In the long-term social practice and life practice, people of all ethnic groups in Dehong have created a colorful and profound peacock culture. Dai ancestors envied birds, imitated peacocks to dance and spread their wings, and created peacock dance, which was loved by later generations and lasted for a long time. In festivals, people of all ethnic groups dance to amuse themselves. As a result, peacock dance has become a common practice, with a great reputation at home and abroad. The headdress of Nuoshuangnaoba in Munao Tang Zong Song and Dance Theatre of Jingpo nationality is decorated with peacock feathers. It is said that the silver bubbles on Jingpo's satchel and women's silver bubbles are all like peacocks, and the dance of throwing silver bubbles is to imitate pride like peacocks.
Peacock culture is a blend of many national cultures, including Guo Zhanbi culture of Dai nationality, Munao Zongge culture of Jingpo nationality, Aruwoluo culture of Achang nationality, Ailao culture of De 'ang nationality and Wa nationality's generalized time culture. Over the past half century, in all articles about Dehong, "Peacock Hometown" has the highest frequency, which fully shows that Dehong people have been playing the card of "Peacock" ideologically, and it has gradually been recognized by the outside world. Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, founded on July 23rd, 1953, is one of the eight minority autonomous prefectures in Yunnan Province. Dehong is located in the southwest of Yunnan Province, bordering on the north of Myanmar, with a border of 503.8 kilometers and a land area of 1 1526 square kilometers. The total population of Quanzhou is 1.0678 million, and ethnic minorities such as Dai, Jingpo, Achang, Yi and De 'ang account for 5 1.7% of the total population. Quanzhou governs Luxi City, Ruili City, Longchuan County, Yingjiang County and lianghe county City. The state capital is located in mangshi Town, Luxi City, with a land distance of 649 kilometers and an air distance of 427 kilometers.
Dehong has a beautiful natural environment, splendid history and culture, unique ethnic customs, outstanding geographical advantages and rich natural resources, and is known as the "hometown of peacocks". The most prominent feature of Dehong is reflected in the words "border, affection, green and treasure". "Border" refers to the length of Dehong border. Dehong section of China-Myanmar border is a famous peaceful border, commercial border and strange border in China. Dehong is not only the main exit of the famous ancient Silk Road in South China, but also the intersection of Yunnan-Myanmar Highway and China-India Highway. Up to now, it is still an important land port in southwest China facing Southeast Asia and South Asia, and also an important port for Yunnan's foreign trade. On the border of 503.8 kilometers, there are two national first-class ports, Ruili and Wan Ding, and two national second-class ports, Zhangfeng and Yingjiang. There is the only Ruili Gao Jie border trade zone in China that implements the special customs supervision mode of "domestic customs clearance"; Among the 28 ferries and 64 passages, 9 roads are connected with Stilwell Road in Myanmar. Inland goods can be transported to Yangon by Ba Maw Waterway, Myitkyina Waterway and Railway, leaving the Indian Ocean without bypassing the Straits of Malacca. Or from Stilwell Road to the north, along the India-Pakistan railway directly into the Middle East, to the world. It is the most convenient international land route for China to Myanmar, India, Southeast Asia and South Asia. There are 26 townships in the whole state adjacent to Myanmar. On both sides of the national border, the same people live on the other side of the border. Villages are connected, buildings are connected, they marry each other, catch the same street and drink a river. There are border wonders of "one well and two countries", "one hospital and two countries", "one village and two countries" and even "one dam, two countries and three cities". "Love" means that Dehong has rich and colorful national cultural customs. The water-splashing festival of Dai nationality, Munao Zongge Festival of Jingpo nationality, Guangji Festival of Wa nationality and Aruwoluo Festival of Achang nationality have their own characteristics. All ethnic groups can sing and dance well, and the traditional culture is profound. The people of China and Myanmar are friendly neighbors, and the "cell wave" friendship has a long history, which is permeated with deep cell wave feelings, strong national feelings and unique religious feelings of the people of China and Myanmar. Marshal Chen Yi's famous poem "I live at the head of the river, you live at the end of the river, we love each other infinitely, and * * * drink a river" is a vivid portrayal of China-Myanmar friendship. "Green" means that Dehong belongs to the subtropical region, where there is plenty of sunshine and rainfall. The annual average temperature is 18.7℃-20.3℃, the annual average rainfall is 1400 mm- 1700 mm, there is no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, and flowers bloom all year round. Quanzhou's forest coverage rate is 6 1.2%, and it is rich in wildlife resources. It is known as "the kingdom of animals and plants" and "the gene bank of tropical and subtropical species". Looking around, it seems that you are in a green ocean. As long as you come to Dehong, you can breathe green air, taste green food, enjoy green mood and experience harmony in green nature. It can be said that Dehong is the most suitable place for human habitation, integrating leisure and entertainment, tourism and holiday, and residence and entertainment. "Bao", that is, Dehong is close to Myanmar, the world-famous producer of jewelry and jade, and adjacent to Kachin State, the "hometown of jade" in Myanmar. Ruby, sapphire, jadeite, agate and other rare treasures, especially hundreds of millions of years of tree fossils and tree-shaped jade articles, are unique to Dehong. Ruili, Dehong, the "Oriental Jewelry City", has become the largest jewelry and jade trading market and distribution center in China.
Yunnan Hulusi mainly originated from Dehong, Yunnan, and has a strong local ethnic color.
This musical instrument uses natural gourds as blowing pots. Three purple bamboo tubes or phoenix bamboos with different lengths are inserted side by side at the lower end of the gourd, and the longer one in the middle is called the seven-hole main tube. Two adjacent pipes are called auxiliary pipes, one for treble and the other for bass. There are plum blossom button type and push type. The upper end of the gourd is called the mouthpiece, which means that when the sound hole of the middle main pipe is pressed, while playing the melody, the left and right bamboo pipes simultaneously emit a fixed single tone to form harmony with the melody. Its music is soft, delicate, mellow, simple and expressive, which is deeply loved by Yunnan people. Whether it is a folk song or a professional stage, you can hear its beautiful voice. In recent years, with the continuous efforts of the Hulusi Prince: Qi Dequan and the strong support of the country, it has attracted much attention at home and abroad. Qi Dequan, a native of A Dai, has a big beard. In his words, he looks "particularly original" and has a low-key reputation. At the beginning of last year, he was accompanied by the Russian Philharmonic Orchestra in Kunming, Spring City, and performed a New Year concert with Yunnan folk music and western music. Over the years, at the invitation of the official cultural department, he has traveled to the United States, Switzerland, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Province Province. Qi Dequan was born in Wilfried Bungei Village, Mengyang Town, lianghe county, to a peasant family in A Dai. Almost every household here has cucurbit silk, of which ten are Meng Yangren and nine can play Dao (Dai people call cucurbit silk and other playing instruments "Dao"). Qi Dequan's grandfather, grandfather and uncle are all famous Hulusi teachers in Mengyang, and his mother is a famous folk singer. Born in a family of cucurbits, he learned to play and make cucurbits and bawu with his father and uncle since childhood. /kloc-after 0/6 years old, he called on Li Zhongpei and other local famous teachers and intellectuals to learn music theory and national wind music, and to learn professional and standardized playing skills, which greatly improved his playing skills. Unique inheritance, coupled with Superman's diligence and hard work, honed his solid foundation and flexible skills. He said: "As a musician, it is not enough to work hard. You should be careful, endure loneliness, and feel and explore the essence of music with true feelings and sincerity. " From 65438 to 0989, Mr. Qi Dequan published the first Hulusi music album, which was the first person to release Hulusi music album in China and even the world, causing a strong sensation. This album is called "The Sound of Nature", and the demand for the second edition is still in short supply, setting the highest circulation of Hulusi audio-visual works in China and even the world. The album is sold to Europe, and Hulusi is called Oriental Saxophone. While inheriting the essence of predecessors, Qi Dequan constantly innovated in the performance and production of cucurbit silk. He changed the seven holes of the traditional cucurbit silk into nine holes, which made it more difficult to play, but greatly expanded the range. Through the control of breath and fingering, he blew less than half a degree of rising and falling tones. Mr. Yu Xunfa, a master of China national wind wind music, said that Qi Dequan's playing charm is unique, and his emotion and artistic conception are unparalleled. Over the years, Qi Dequan has shouldered the heavy responsibility of spreading cucurbit silk culture, spreading Dehong's folk art and customs at home and abroad, so he is also known as the messenger of cucurbit silk culture at home and abroad. Lianghe county, the hometown of Qi Dequan, is now declaring "the hometown of cucurbit silk". Some people say it was blown out with his gourd silk. Qi Dequan was born in May 1958, in a stockade by Mengyang River in lianghe county, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. He likes music since he was a child. /kloc-When he was 0/0 years old, he learned to play and make cucurbit silk with his grandfather and uncle. Qi Dequan works in Lianghe Sugar Factory and once worked as a worker in the pump room of the factory. Through his love for Hulusi and years of hard work, he has made great achievements in the performance and production of Hulusi, becoming a famous producer of Hulusi in contemporary national music and the most representative performer with the highest level of Hulusi playing album. Deeply loved by the masses, it is known as the generation of cucurbit flute playing today. For more than twenty years, he has devoted himself to the performance and production of cucurbit silk, and at the same time, he has devoted himself to teaching and imparting the knowledge and skills of cucurbit silk performance. In addition to students from China, students from Japan, Italy, France, the United States and other countries followed him to learn to play the cucurbit, which made the cucurbit, a national treasure and national art, cross the ocean, go out of Yunnan, go to the world and be widely spread. In recent years, he has been invited by Yunnan Provincial Department of Culture, provincial TV stations and provincial radio stations to play and record various genres of music. He once played and led the cucurbit flute in the dance drama "Water-splashing Festival" and the opening ceremony of the first international tourism and art festival. Yunnan Audio & Video Publishing House has published his album "Deep Love Hulusi" and many other tapes. The organization also released the first set of audio courses on cucurbit flute and Bawu, and the supporting VCD "Dai Feng Shen Yun" edited by him, Yang Zhiyu and Li Chunhua. Mr. Dequan once said to a radio reporter: "In the past, cucurbit flute was a folk song, but it could be played more, and it could not be combined with musical instruments such as bands and pianos. I really put a lot of effort into regulating the tuning of cucurbit silk. " "It's quick and easy to blow out the song written by" Phoenix Bamboo in the Moonlight ". Like you, I promise you can learn two songs in three days, but it's too difficult to learn them well. I have a good friend who plays flute. He came into contact with cucurbit silk 20 years ago. The flute and the cucurbit silk are interlinked. He can touch the flute and cucurbit silk in an hour. He said it was too simple. But he has been playing for more than 20 years. One day, he saw me in the street and said it was too difficult. Playing for 20 years will never reach your feeling. " The gourd silk made by Mr. Qi Dequan sells well. Mrs Thatcher loved it very much when she came to China. Qi Dequan gave her two. In order to make the hometown of gourd silk famous, he moved his studio from Kunming to his hometown, encouraged villagers to plant all kinds of gourds, and he took charge of the sales. In August, 2003, Mr. Qi Dequan took the opportunity of returning to his hometown to hold a "homesickness" cucurbit concert in Lianghe, which reflected the deep affection of folk artists taking root in their hometown. He has made great contributions to the world's understanding of Dai people and cucurbit silk. Born in May, 1958, in a stockade near Mengyang River in lianghe county, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. I like music since I was a child. /kloc-When I was 0/0 years old, I learned to play and make cucurbit silk with my grandfather and uncle. For more than 20 years, he has cultivated the altar and made great efforts to explore, and he has a high attainments in playing and making cucurbit silk. At present, in addition to playing and making cucurbit silk, he also focuses on teaching; In addition to China students, Japanese, Italian, French, American and other foreign students taught the knowledge and skills of playing cucurbit, which made the national art of cucurbit spread more widely across the ocean. In recent years, he has been invited by Yunnan Provincial Department of Culture, provincial TV stations and provincial radio stations to play and record various genres of music. He once played and led the cucurbit flute in the dance drama "Water-splashing Festival" and the opening ceremony of the first international tourism and art festival. Yunnan Audio & Video Publishing House published his album "Affectionate Hulusi". The organization also released the first set of audio courses on cucurbit flute and Bawu, and the supporting VCD "Dai Feng Shen Yun" edited by him, Yang Zhiyu and Li Chunhua. The ensemble of Hulusi musical instrument and modern electronic musical instrument can also reflect the perfect combination of the two musical instruments, showing a warm and intoxicating new feeling of combining classical and modern. Mr. Qi Dequan, Prince of Hulusi, was born in A Dai. Dai people are versatile and can sing and dance well. During the festival, whether you are rowing dragon boats in the river, playing "Goldman Sachs" by the river (using cucurbits as musical instruments), "rushing" in the square, or drinking and feasting in the bamboo house, you can hear touching songs. Nineteen eccentrics in Yunnan: Hulusi can be made into musical instruments for sale, and it can also blow out music.