At the same time, the "ultra-low-energy" and "near-zero-energy" building standard systems are also actively studying and carrying out pilot work, and the gap with advanced countries such as Germany is rapidly narrowing. Second, large-scale energy-saving renovation of old buildings. Old buildings waste a lot of energy, and the comfort is difficult to meet people's needs. In the past ten years, 654.38 billion square meters of old houses have been rebuilt, and the heating energy consumption per unit area of residential buildings in the north has decreased by more than 20%. In 1 1 key cities, the energy efficiency of public buildings was improved by more than 15%. The construction of green campus and hospital has effectively promoted the trend of social saving. The third is to comprehensively promote green buildings. The development of green buildings in China has gone through the stages from point to area, from single project to pilot demonstration, and gradually towards all-round development. In 20 14, the national green building action plan was promulgated, and green buildings showed explosive growth. Large-scale public buildings and affordable housing will fully implement the green building standards, and the total amount of green buildings will reach10 billion square meters. Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other regions have formulated the Regulations on the Development of Green Buildings in their own regions, and the promotion of green buildings has been guaranteed by laws and regulations. Fourth, the proportion of renewable energy applications in buildings has increased. The application demonstration of renewable energy in China has realized the "three-step" strategy from project demonstration, regional demonstration and comprehensive promotion, and technically realized the low-end application to integrated application. In the past ten years, the application of renewable energy in buildings has achieved rapid growth. The application area of solar photothermal buildings increased from 230 million square meters in 2006 to nearly 3 billion square meters in 20 14, an increase of nearly 13 times, and the application area of ground source heat pumps increased from 26.5 million square meters in 2006 to more than 400 million square meters in 20 14, an increase of nearly 10%. Although China's building energy conservation work has achieved fruitful results, it has achieved a good situation from single implementation to large-scale and regional development, from single technology to integrated industrialization, from demonstration and guidance to legalization and standardization. At the same time, building energy conservation and green building work have produced multiple benefits such as energy conservation and environmental protection, industrial development and improvement of people's livelihood. However, in the work of building energy conservation and green building, there are still some problems, such as low level of building energy conservation, low level of construction industrialization, low building quality, backward urban energy infrastructure and extensive building management. At present, the ideas of urban energy management, building energy conservation and green building are still difficult to meet the needs of future urban development, so we must attach great importance to them and seriously study and solve them.
The situation and tasks faced
The central city work conference pointed out the direction for us to re-understand the situation and tasks facing the construction of energy-saving green buildings.
1, the "double control target" of energy resources is an inevitable choice under the new normal. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" proposal puts forward that "the total amount and intensity of energy and water consumption and construction land should be controlled. It is necessary to control both the total amount and the energy consumption, water consumption and construction land intensity per unit of GDP. " At present, China's building energy consumption accounts for about 25% of the total energy consumption of social terminals, while urban building energy consumption accounts for about 80% of the total energy consumption of buildings. According to the development law of urbanization and industrialization in developed countries, with the adjustment of economic structure, the migration of population and the emergence of urban agglomerations, the proportion of building energy consumption in the end energy consumption of the whole society will be stable at 35%-45%, and urban building energy consumption will occupy an increasingly important position in the future. The success or failure of urban building energy consumption control and management will have a great impact on the realization of the dual control goal of energy consumption in the construction field and the "dual control goal" of energy resources in the whole society. Therefore, it is necessary to understand, respect and conform to the law of urban development, firmly grasp the main line of urban building energy consumption, further strengthen energy-saving work in the construction field, improve work requirements and engineering standards, innovate policy systems and working mechanisms, effectively establish and improve market mechanisms, introduce a more scientific road map for building energy efficiency improvement, decompose energy efficiency improvement and energy consumption reduction indicators into various special tasks, and do a good job in urban energy special planning.
2. Green and intelligent urban energy infrastructure is the only way for urban modernization. After years of development, China's urban energy supply system has basically formed a decentralized supply model for different departments, such as heating, power supply, water supply, gas supply and oil supply, which has a good role in promoting the professional level and the formation of market mechanism in the early stage of urban development. However, with the improvement of urban functions, the fragmented energy supply system is easy to cause repeated construction, and the coordination of various systems is difficult, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is relatively low. This urban work conference proposed to improve the systematicness of urban work, that is, to promote multi-factor systematic planning and construction in the overall situation of the city. Energy supply is not only related to urban development and residents' life, but also constitutes an important link of urban security. Cities should dare to integrate existing energy supply barriers, conduct scientific research and careful deployment of energy systems, and integrate and configure them according to the requirements of greening and intelligence to improve energy utilization efficiency and safety.
3. Improving building quality is the inevitable direction of implementing supply-side structural reform. In 20 15, the central economic work conference and the central city work conference put forward the requirements of "destocking" and "insisting on intensive development, revitalizing the stock, increasing the quality and improving the quality" respectively. In reality, the characteristics of the new normal of China's economy are more obvious, the pace of structural adjustment is accelerating, the proportion of service industry is increasing, the proportion of industry and agriculture is decreasing, and the benefits of traditional and emerging industries are clearly differentiated. The supply structure of traditional construction industry has become increasingly unsuitable for the change of market demand, and its pulling effect on economic growth has weakened. At present, the development of the city has shifted from large-scale development and construction to quality improvement. Green building is the development direction of urban architecture in the future. Green building materials have become the new favorite of the market and made great progress. The characteristics of green, intelligent and modern construction industry are taking shape, and the kinetic energy to improve the supply quality and efficiency of construction industry is accumulating, which constitutes the content of transformation and upgrading of construction industry.
4. Strengthening building operation management is an inevitable way to improve the level of urban operation management. The Central Urban Work Conference clearly requires that we should grasp the key point of urban management and service, constantly improve the level of urban management and service, completely change the extensive management methods, and make people live in cities more convenient, comfortable and beautiful. Urban residents spend more than 80% of their working time in buildings. We should not only face the current situation of low overall level of urban operation and management, but also face the grim situation that the building itself lacks systematic operation and management for a long time. Without the modernization of building operation, there will be no modernization of urban operation, and without the livable and business-friendly buildings, there will be no livable and business-friendly cities. At present, the popularization of information technology and the arrival of "internet plus" era provide technical support for the large-scale implementation of intelligent building operation management. We have the conditions to make full use of modern information technologies such as "internet plus" and big data application in the field of building operation and management, and continuously improve the level of building operation and management and service.
Three, some suggestions on building energy-saving green building work in the future
1, realizing the "double control goal" of urban buildings. First, it is necessary to speed up the upgrading frequency of energy-saving standards for new buildings, reach the international advanced level as soon as possible, and gradually increase the proportion of ultra-low energy-consuming buildings; The second is to increase the proportion of energy-saving indicators in shantytown renovation and comprehensive renovation of old areas, implement higher standards of green renovation, and achieve a larger and higher level of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings; Third, in addition to solar light and heat, more kinds of renewable energy, including air thermal energy, should be promoted in buildings by region and building type, and the application mode of high-quality new energy such as deep geothermal energy, distributed photovoltaic power generation and industrial waste heat should be accelerated; Fourth, take various measures to ensure the quality and quantity of the green building action plan.
2. Green and smart city energy. First, it is necessary to establish an urban energy information center, scientifically revise urban energy planning, reasonably estimate future urban energy demand, supply sources and safety baseline, monitor energy supply and demand, and build a new urban energy supply system; Second, gradually separate government from enterprise, promote the market-oriented reform process of electric power, heat and other industries, effectively integrate resources of various industries, and improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy application; Third, taking the construction of the pilot city of comprehensive underground pipe gallery as an opportunity to promote the comprehensive transformation of energy transmission pipelines and reduce the problems of leakage and redundant construction; Fourth, pay attention to the energy-saving transformation of various infrastructure, from the energy-saving transformation of civil buildings to industrial workshops, transportation hubs, roads, bridges, tunnels, mines and other uncovered areas.
3. Structural reform of the supply side of the construction industry. First, study and formulate laws and policies to support the modernization of the construction industry, standardize and guide the development of the modern market of the construction industry. Aiming at the whole process of engineering design, spare parts production, assembly and construction, completion and acceptance, use and maintenance, evaluation and appraisal, the standard system and implementation mechanism adapted to the modernization of construction industry are studied and established. Second, at this stage, with the construction of construction industrialization base and pilot cities approved by the Ministry as the starting point, we will explore the construction of a new building system with high quality and easy promotion, and make great efforts to carry out promotion work to promote prefabricated buildings to become the mainstream of the city. Third, pay attention to guiding the development of wood structure and steel structure buildings, formulate development plans of modern wood structure and steel structure buildings, carry out pilot demonstration and industrialization base construction of wood structure and steel structure houses according to local conditions, strengthen the development of recycled building materials and green building materials by increasing the proportion of resource utilization of construction waste and popularizing the green building materials labeling system, and effectively promote the transformation and upgrading of the whole construction industry.
4. Intelligent building operation management. First, establish the operation concept of low-carbon life, strengthen and improve the construction of operation management system, encourage residential areas, universities, hospitals, businesses, restaurants and other different industries to formulate energy management guidelines scientifically and rationally, and strengthen the implementation links. The second is to further sort out the positioning of energy service industry in urban operation and management and the relationship between various stakeholders, clarify the responsibilities of all parties, give full play to the professional advantages of energy service companies, encourage the adoption of new modes such as energy fee custody and PPP, and promote green buildings to be truly "green" and energy-saving communities to be truly "energy-saving". Third, in the process of implementing operation management, we should strengthen the supervision of market players, pay attention to the collection and collation of operation data, improve the working mechanism of using big data, grasp the needs of different regions and different types of market players by using big data technology, improve the service level for market players, and actively provide targeted services in project investment, policy dynamics, testing and certification, financing guarantee, technological transformation, industrial alliance, training and consulting, etc. Fourth, taking the development of smart cities as an opportunity, internet plus and big data applications will be effectively introduced into the urban energy field, urban smart energy systems will be developed, and new technology systems such as bim, smart energy deployment, new energy microgrid and online monitoring will be promoted to improve urban energy efficiency.
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